Romanesque Art and Christian Pilgrims

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"The term "Romanesque" was first used by nineteenth-century art historians to describe the church architecture of the eleventh and twelfth centuries. The word means "'in the manner of the Romans'" and referred to elements in the churches such as arched entrances, "pilasters, freestanding columns, and sculptural friezes" that reminded historians of classical Roman architecture.1 The term was retained, though it is considered somewhat inaccurate since many other styles contributed to the architecture of the period. The term has also been expanded to include the other arts. Architecture, as the dominant art of the period, "determined the form of sculpture, painting, and the cloister crafts" such as manuscript painting and work in precious metals.2 Much of the art of the period was either produced or sponsored by the orders of monks who directed the spiritual life ..."

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