National Federal Reserve for the U.S. Army

Paper Summary:

The formation of a national federal reserve for the U.S. Army was a slow process; it took many events and a few wars to establish and develop the U.S. Army Reserves as we know it today. This paper examines events from the Spanish American War of 1898, which led to the Dick Act of 1903, and two World Wars, and shows how the Army Reserve has been shaped and molded into an enduring legacy of military power.

Paper Outline:
Introduction
War with Mexico
The First American War
Reconstruction and Industrialization
Military Reform
The First World War
Between the Wars
Preparing to Fight
World War II
The Korean War
The Turbulent 60's
The "Total Force" Goes to War

From the Paper:

"The first call for this new Army Reserve came in 1916 as a result of tensions between the United States and Mexico. The National Defense Act of 1916 established the Officers Reserve Corps, the Enlisted Reserve Corps and the Reserve Officers Training Corps. One year later in 1917, the initial Reserve organization, the Medical Reserve Corps merged into the Officers Reserve Corps. On April 6, 1917, America entered World War I. By the end of June 1917, there were 21,543 officer reservists and 35,000 enlisted reservists. Obviously, the contribution of the Reservists cannot be overstated. "

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