Paper Summary:

This paper analyzes the life story of Muhammad according to the rites-of-passage model of Arnold van Gennep and Victor Turner, the relationship between the life story of Muhammad, and some of the key principles of Islamic cosmology and the ways in which Muhammad's life story might be linked to the cosmological traditions of the religions out of which Islam emerged.

From the Paper:

"The rites-of-passage model, explained by Victor Turner, "indicate and constitute transitions between states" of "relatively fixed or stable conditions." This model contains three phases, pre-liminal, liminal, and post-liminal characterized by certain transitional traits: during the pre-liminal phase the individual or group "comprises symbolic behavior signifying detachment from an earlier fixed point in the social structure or a set of cultural conditions;" during the liminal phase "the state of the ritual subject is ambiguous; he passes through a realm that has few or none of the attributes of the past or coming state;" and during the post-liminal "the passage is consummated." "

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