Management Theories

Paper Summary:

This paper explains that the Scientific Management of Frederick W. Taylor, the most adopted, implemented and, at the same time, criticized of the theories of scientific management, revolutionized the U.S. mass production industries making them competitive and dominant. The author points out that Total Quality Management (TQM) is a philosophy that encompasses all aspects and factors that have the ability to influence the organization, especially the role of the worker. The paper stresses that there is no single perfect management theory or principle that managers and organizations can implement to ensure the success of an organization because variables, which may appear discrete and independent by themselves, may be interrelated in ways that are difficult to identify unless looked at from a macro and micro perspective.

From the Paper:

"Prior to the Industrial Revolution, the worker often completed every task needed to produce a product or service from start to finish. Generally, each worker had his or her own methods and practices of performing a task. Pride and ownership of the task performed and the quality of the product generated meant a lot to the worker. This worker then was often identified in the market by this virtue. Industrialization changed this. Now the worker often had no connection to the task before or after his or her input and felt no connectivity to the product. Pride of workmanship was almost non-existent. It was in this environment that Taylor proposed the concepts of scientific management."

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