Malarial Organisms

Paper Summary:

This paper discusses how the malarial parasite is a complex organism which infects millions of people every year. It looks at how in recent years, the number of cases of West Nile Fever has increased, prompting many people to examine the cause and transmission of it and similar diseases. It demonstrates how understanding the biology of these organisms is important for scientists in order to prevent and cure future infections.

Outline
Introduction
The Human Malaria Parasite
The Life Cycle
Sequencing of the Plasmodium Genome
Polymorphism
Plasmodium Species
Merozoites
Invasion Process
Plasmodium Sporozoites and Ookinetes
Malaria in Animals
Exploring Malaria Biology
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"The mosquito ingests Plasmodium cells in human blood called gametocytes, which are precursors of gametes, and within seconds, gametocytes are induced into gametogenesis, which produces gametes. The gametes then produce sporozoites, which are accumulated in the salivary gland of the mosquito and then injected into the vertebrate blood stream during feeding. These cells will accumulate in the liver of the vertebrate, and then multiply and produce merozoites, which invade, replicated and destroy red blood cells, eventually leading to a decline in asexual replication. After the red blood cells are invaded, some merozoites produce gametocystes, which can potentially restart the total life cycle. These gametocytes are not able to self-replicate and will be die if they are not ingested by a mosquito, which will begin the life cycle again."

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