Learning Process Beliefs

Paper Summary:

This paper examines how learning is the primary goal of educators and is also influenced by nonacademic factors that affect students' development and overall academic success. It looks at how factors that directly impact students' ability to devote to learning include their mental, emotional and social well being. It discusses how theorists have influenced societal thoughts on learning processes and encouraged the following discussions: Is learning observable and characterized by a change in behavior? Does learning result from thinking and/or a change in thinking? Can the beliefs of learning be integrated into one view? The paper focuses on these three questions.
Outline
Behaviorism
Cognitive Constructivism
The Social Psychological Perspective
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"Behaviorism relies on observable behavior and encompasses positive and negative reinforcement techniques. The techniques can be very effective in disorders such as autism and anti-social behavior. Behaviorists believe that learning is just another action so it does not include mental activities. A famous behaviorist, B.F. Skinner led the practice of behavior modification. Behavior modification assumes that observable and measurable behaviors are good targets for change. He believed that all behavior is maintained, changed, or shaped by the consequences of that behavior. In way of learning, reinforcers are consequences that strengthen behavior; punishments are consequences that weaken behavior. "

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