Kidney Development

Paper Summary:

This paper examines the cell growth and organ development in humans, as well as, in frogs. The writer discusses the various growth periods which occur in an organism and looks at how organs evolve into fully functioning elements of the body. In addition, the paper shows that through scientific research it has become evident that with the DNA of all people there can be identification of the cells in the body, leading to an understanding of how those cells work throughout organ systems.

From the Paper:

"Taxonomy serves to classify organs and the taxa is the relationship among all elements within the organ system (Huggett, 2004, p. 5). The kidneys are constructed with tubules (Haldane & Huxley, 1927, p. 116). The tubules are created through capillaries within an area called a tuft (Haldane & Huxley, 1927, p 116). As the tubules extend from this tuft they are connected into the core of the kidneys. The tuft itself continues to function within the body as a filter. The kidneys are then comprised of capillaries and glomerulus (Huggett, 2004, p. 5). Their primary function is to dispel fluids from the body when they are no longer needed. Fluid that is drained through the tubes of the kidneys the cells that exist within them are tasked with collecting elements within the fluids that assist in body functioning and that are unwanted (Huggett, 2004, p. 5). For example, a positive element would be blood, while a negative one would be acids."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Ames, D. (2001). Eugenic danger or genetic promise. Cross Currents. 51(1): 293-334.
• Haldane, J., and Huxley, J. (1927). Animal biology. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
• Huggett, R. (2004). Fundamentals of biogeography. New York: Routledge
• Loewenstein, W. (1999). The touchstone of life: Molecular information, cell communication and the foundations of life. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Strohman, R. (2003). Genetic determinism as a failing paradigm in biology and medicine: Implications for health and wellness. Journal of Social Work Education. 39 (2): 169-175

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