Joints and Muscles

Paper Summary:

The paper explores the nature and purpose of muscles and joints and how they are responsible for the different movements made by the body. The paper looks at the three distinct categories of muscles and the way that the pace of a movement requires different combinations of actions by the muscles. The paper also analyzes various muscle and joint disorders such as cramps and arthritis.

From the Paper:

"Joints, which work closely with muscles, are just as important to movement. Every bodily action is based on the principal of the lever--the bone acting as the lever, the joints as the fulcrum where the lever pivots and muscle contractions as the force. Joints are located where two bones intersect. They define direction and extent of skeletal movement. One type of joints, synovial, are covered by a viscous, slick fluid so they can easily slide back and forth. For example, hinge joints are found in the elbows. The wrist and ankle have gliding joints. The hip and shoulders move because of ball-and-socket joints and the thumb due to saddle joints. The layer of dense tissue, or periosteum, covering most of the skeletal bones is replaced at these joints by a thin layer of cartilage. The cartilage can absorb the shock of activities such as running and jumping."

More papers on Joints and Muscles:

• Term Paper # 149060 : "Stepping Up One Step and Reaching Up"
• Term Paper # 148867 : "Jogging and Running Injuries"
• Article Review # 149888 : "Nursing and the Musculoskeletal System"

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