Paper Summary:

"Since AR is defined as the proportion of subjects in each group that is oriented and/ or confused the EER and CER are used to calculate the ARR which is the difference between the EER and CER. The experimental group has a larger oriented population while the controlled group has a lesser oriented population. The relative risk (RR) is the ratio of the risk of one group versus that of another group. The odd ratio (OR) was less for the controlled group and higher for the experimental group. The Number Needed to Treat (NNT) is half the OR."

From the Paper:

Internal and External Design Validity Clinical Significance 1. Hypothetical Situation: +------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Ambient Lighting | Control Group | Experimental group | |-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------------| | Absolute Risk | 240 oriented/60 | 270 oriented/30 | | | confused | confused | |-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------------| | Bright Light (ON) | .25 CER | .11 EER | |-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------------|

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