Human Congenital Cytomegalovirus

Paper Summary:

This paper explains that congenital cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of hearing loss, generally sensorineural hearing loss,and brain damage in children. The author points out that nearly half of the infants born with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection develop a hearing loss; but this hearing loss does not develop until later (late-onset hearing loss), which suggests that babies born with congenital cytomegalovirus should have their hearing consistently monitored. This paper relates that, as yet, there is no vaccine against human cytomegalovirus, but there are methods of management and treatment, which prevent infection and reactivation of infection or suppress and preempt current infection.

From the Paper:

"Human congenital cytomegalovirus is the most common intrauterine infection and can be present in three forms; latent, non-productive yet asymptomatic, or productive and symptomatic. Cytomegalovirus is also the largest member of the herpes virus family. This is because it is common for hearing loss and other symptoms of the virus to occur later in life after infancy, as the virus is a member of the betaherpesviridae family where slow growth of the virus is common. Ninety-five percent of infants born with the Cytomegalovirus infection appear normal. It can infect both humans and animals. This virus can be transmitted through oropharyngeal secretions, urine, cervical and vaginal secretions, spermatic fluids, breast milk and blood, and is usually transmitted to a fetus by transplacental means. The studies mentioned in this paper focus strictly on human congenital cytomegalovirus."

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