Gender and Leadership

Paper Summary:

The first part of this paper looks at classic definitions of male and female traits and how men and women are socialized into these roles. For example, men are believed to be more assertive while women are empathetic. The second part of the paper looks at how these different traits are perceived in the workplace. In the last part, the paper discusses the emergence of a new leadership paradigm, where successful executives are blending "masculine" and "feminine" qualities, resulting in a successful new leadership style.

From the Paper:

"Biology classified people according to their sex, which is male or female. This biological dichotomy, however, has given rise to studies that generally classify male and female roles as a function of their sex. This approach to studying male and female behavior starts from the premise that sex roles are acquired early in life, as an inevitable result of biology.
Such conclusions were drawn from the earliest studies of male and female behavior. For example, the characteristics of domination, rebellion, ambition and cynicism were classified as masculine traits. Typical male activities include hobbies like repairing electrical appliances. On the other hand, qualities like tact, dependence, consideration and emotion were considered feminine traits. For these reasons, females were more likely to engage in activities geared towards their physical appearance (Constantinople 1973)."

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