Paper Summary:

This essay assesses the changes European environmental policy making has undergone since the 1970s in respect of their effectiveness. First, it is shown how European environmental policy making has changed in terms of its scope and legalization on a European level. The paper then shows with what instruments European institutions have tackled environmental protection.

Table of Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Legalization
2.1. Treaty of Rome
2.2. Single European Act
2.3. Treaty on European Union
3. Instruments
3.1. Moral Suasion
3.2. Regulatory Instruments
3.3. Financial Instruments
3.4. Market Instruments
3.4.1. Eco-tax
3.4.2. Eco-labels
4. Conclusion
5. References

From the Paper:

"In 1993 the Commission established the European Environment Agency (EEA) in Copenhagen, which succeeded the CORINE programme, an experimental data collection project, along with the European Environment Information and Observation Network. The EEA "is intended to provide the Community and the Member States with objective, reliable and comparable information at European level enabling them to take the requisite measures to protect the environment" (Dinan, 2000:171). As the EEA does not have an enforcement role of EU environmental legislation, it is hard to assess its direct impact on environmental protection."

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