Bone Disease

Paper Summary:

Discusses the roles of calcium and phosphate in bone disease. How calcium works in the body. Phosphate of the body as a buffer system contained in bone. Food sources of phosphorous and calcium. Low calcium levels and osteoporosis. Postmenopausal, Senile and Juvenile osteoporosis. Hormone deficiencies. Treatment of osteoporosis; effective factors.

From the Paper:

"Calcium and phosphate metabolism, and bone disease
Calcium is responsible for several bodily functions which include muscle contraction, nerve impulse conduction, blood clotting, cellular communications, skin differentiation, and the functioning of many enzymes (Altruis Biomedical Network, 2001; Berkow, Beers and Fletcher, 1997). Calcium is found mainly in the bones, but some is also present in cells and in the bloodstream. The amount of calcium present in cells and in the blood is controlled very precisely by two hormones: calcitonin and parathyroid hormone. Cacitonin is produced by cells in the thyroid and parathyroid glands and the thymus. It lowers blood calcium levels by promoting the uptake of calcium by bone. Parathyroid hormone is produced by the parathyroid glands, four small glands located on the thyroid glands in the neck."

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