Basic Oxygen Steelmaking

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" Basic Oxygen Steelmaking
Abstract
Steel is a heterogenous material which consists primarily of iron. The steelmaking process involves removing carbon and other impurities from pig iron and scrap. During the nineteenth century, Henry Bessemer noted that this could be achieved by blowing air through the molten metal. It wasn't until the mid-twentieth century though, that metallurgists began using oxygen instead of air. Top-blown basic oxygen converters eventually gave way to combination top- and bottom-blown furnaces. The introduction of this technology created concern about the effects of oxygen on finished steel products. Various studies have clearly demonstrated how oxide inclusions can adversely alter the physical properties of metal. Fortunately, basic oxygen.."

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