Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD)

Paper Summary:

This paper states that ADHD is not a minor problem: About 8% of the children in the United States suffer from the disorder and the cost to the American society is estimated to exceed $9.2 billion each year. The author points out that two of the environmental causes of ADHD could be exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke, even in the womb, and exposure to lead during the child's early developing years. The paper urges further research into the efficacy of diagnostic methods that are combined with symptom lists and psychometric instruments.

Table of Contents:
How Many Affected and Reliability of Diagnostic Tools
Symptoms and Signals
Do Scientists Know How Children Develop ADHD?
How does a Child Develop Symptoms?
Reliability of Psychometric Measuring Tools Verifying ADHD
Future Research

From the Paper:

"Typically, a child with ADHD may become easily distracted, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). A child with ADHD likely will have trouble organizing activities, may be forgetful and lose things easily, may talk excessively and have trouble waiting for his or her turn to speak. Sadly, some public schools are indifferent to the problem or just too focused on their own curricula or their own test results to carefully address ADHD issues, leaving teachers uninformed about children's exceptionalities. This ignorance on the part of public school instruction results in an unfair ..."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2006). Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Retrieved 15 March 2007 from http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/symptom.htm.
• Gordon, M., Antshel, K., Faraone, S., Barkley, R., Lewandowski, L., Hudziak, J.J., Biederman, J., Cunningham, C. (2006). Symptoms versus impairment: the case for respecting DSM- IV's Criterion D. Journal of Attention Disorders, 9(3), 465-75.
• Kim, J.W., Park, K.H., Cheon, K.A., Kim, B.N., Cho, S.C., Hong, K.E. (2005). The child behavior checklist together with the ADHD rating scale can diagnose ADHD in Koreancommunity-based samples. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 50(12), 802-5.
• Maves, S.D. & Calhoun, S.L. (2006). WISC-IV and WISC-III profiles in children with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 9(3), 486-93.
• Spencer, T.J., Biederman, J., Mick, E. (2007). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis, lifespan, comorbidities, and neurobiology. Ambulatory Pediatrics, 7, 73-81.

More papers on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD):

• Argumentative Essay # 95582 : "Is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Overdiagnosed?"
• Article Review # 25878 : "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)"
• Essay # 143714 : "Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder And Conduct Disorder: Identification And Intervention For Special Education"
• Analytical Essay # 8740 : "Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder"

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