Affirmative Action

Paper Summary:

This paper looks at the theories of Rushworth Kidder to determine the ethical qualities of affirmative action from the ends-based, rule-based and care-based resolution philosophies. The paper briefly summarizes these theories and then explores if affirmative action is thus right or wrong. It posits that it is right for ends and care based, while it is wrong for rule-based.

From the Paper:

"Business ethics writer Rushworth M. Kidder addresses decision-making from a variety of principles in his works, each founded upon moral stances. These resolution principles, considered when solving a right versus wrong dilemma, can be of aid to individuals. Ends-based, rule-based and care-based perspectives can all be evaluated when deliberating on an action, such as affirmative action, to decide upon the ultimate degrees of good it can produce. Kidder describes ends-based thinking as "utilitarianism, this principle is best known by the maxim `do whatever produces the greatest good for the greatest number" (1995, p.24). From this perspective, the title of `ends-based' is appropriate, as one can only consider what would produce the most good for the highest number of people if one is speculating upon possible outcomes, or consequences. Rule-based thinking, by contrast, is associated with Kant's ..."

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