From the Paper
"Introduction
Costs associated with inventory make up one of the most critical cost areas within an organization. Whether the company manufactures goods or sells finished products, inventory carrying costs and their component parts can represent a significant portion of the company's cost structure. In addition, having the wrong amount of inventory on hand can result in severe difficulties. This research examines a particular type of inventory management, just-in-time (JIT), and examines how JIT was implemented at Dell Computer, a leading multinational personal computer manufacturer.


JIT
Reduction of inventories is the main reason that companies have sought alternative inventory management methods. The use of smaller batches leads to..."

Abstract
This paper examines the topic, New Urbanism, synonymous with the term "Smart Growth" which is a way to develop land efficiently, whether it may be a new development using open space land, or a redevelopment of a part of an inner city- called "infilling". The paper explores the ten principles that New Urbanism is guided by and gives examples of developments across the country that have used this method and prospered.

From the Paper
"Small, picturesque towns like Nantucket and Savannah dot the eastern landscape of the country. These towns are the illustration of the principles America was founded upon: closeness, unity, community, and family. The neighborhoods were compact and had mixed-uses. Everything a family needed in the normal course of the week was all within walking distance. There was a town square where the townspeople met and talked. In the youth of this country small developments like these were common, however in the last 50 years America has seen development practices take a turn for the worse. The current practice of building suburbs nationwide sprang up after World War II, and development has sacrificed hundreds of thousands of acres to this practice ever since. Now the majority of U.S. citizens now live in automobile-oriented, unattractive suburbs full of strip malls and four-lane roads with four-foot sidewalks. Although this is still the norm, there is a new kind of development that is making an impact on the way communities are built. This new method, called New Urbanism or Smart Growth, has caught on in the last 20 years and is now popping up all over the country. New Urbanism is a way to combat ugly urban sprawl, replacing it instead with small, interconnected communities that are pedestrian-friendly and contain housing, work places, shops, entertainment, schools, parks, and other amenities essential to the daily lives of residents, all within easy walking distance of each other. New Urbanism involves using the principles it sets forth to fix and redevelop existing cities, called "infilling", as well as to create new, high-density, compact towns and villages."

Tags:architecture, city, community, design, development, engineering, estate, growth, inner, land, new, real, smart, sprawl, suburbs, urban, urbanism

Abstract
Wind power could be the wave of the future; however, it hasn't been utilized to even a small percentage of its full potential. In this essay, the advantages of wind power are explored, and concerns about the transition to this form of energy are addressed.

From the Paper
"It is the year 2003, and Americans are in a crisis. This predicament is much greater than the obvious issues currently plaguing this country. The threat of terrorism and our economic recession might be setbacks to the nation's progress, but the United States of America's dependence on fossil fuels and nuclear power is alarming. Even when scientific advancements have been made concerning the harnessing of renewable and perpetual resources for energy, especially wind power, it is highly neglected. Although it has been used in several states, wind energy has still faced opposition and hasn't been used to its full potential, even though it is the better bargain in the long run."

Tags:alternative, energy, environment, sources

Abstract
This paper presents a close look at stem cell research. The writer examines both sides of the issue and argues that stem cell research is a positive medical breakthrough, highly beneficial to those suffering from a variety of diseases.

From the Paper
"The world of medicine has grown in leaps and bounds for the last few decades. We have come very far in many areas and we are now on the threshold of exploding new developments that promise to revolutionize the industry. Stem cell research has been receiving a lot of media coverage as of late, some promoting the process, while others are against it. Stem cell research is an exciting new development that is going to be able to save lives."

Tags:technology, medical, president, bush, embryo, human, lines, cloning, funding, cancer, alzheimer's, parkinsons, terminal, illness, science, down's, syndrome

Abstract
This paper looks at some of the ethical issues surrounding the use of cloning. This paper looks at Dolly, the sheep, the first cloned mammal and discusses how the field has progressed since 1997. The paper also discusses the ethical issues that have come up in discussions about human cloning since the field is still so new and fells that many of the concerns expressed are a result of the unknown. The paper details the different arguments against human cloning , as well as the potential scientific advances that may come as a result of its use. The author argues that human cloning and genetic engineering may eventually gain more acceptance as did IVF, birth control pills and other medical procedures which were also challenged when they first were introduced.

From the Paper
"Bioethics, which is the study of value judgments pertaining to human conduct in the area of biology and includes those related to the practice of medicine, has been an important aspect of all areas in the scientific field (Bernstein, Maurice, M.D.). It is one of the factors that says whether or not certain scientific research can go on, and if it can, under which rules and regulations it must abide by. One of the most recent and controversial issues facing our society today is the idea of cloning. Dolly the sheep, was the first mammal clone, and was born in February 1997, in Edinburgh, Scotland. After considerable of news coverage, genetic engineering of DNA was in the spotlight. The world has had heatedly discussions over the issues surrounding cloning ever since."

Tags:bioethics, medicine, biology, cna, engineering, human, infertility, couples, treatment, knowledge, information, characteristics, benefits, personality, individuality

Abstract
This paper explores an emerging technology known as the glass cockpit and explains the human factors that influence the implementation of this technology. This discourse describes the theoretical issues of the glass cockpit technology and the human factors associated with the invention and subsequent implementation of the technology. It also focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of the technology. The writer investigates the development of the technology and compares the glass cockpit technology with the traditional cockpit. It also discusses the military and civilian uses of the technology. Finally it explores the future trends of the glass cockpit.

From the Paper
"The term "Glass Cockpit" describes a cockpit in which all of the displays are painted onto the glass of a computer screen. Glass cockpits replace a number of, switches, gauges, and indicators with automated display systems. The use of computers to manage the on-board systems, allows pilots to describe what they want to observe at the exact time that they want to observe the indicator. Glass cockpits have allowed contemporary aircraft to require only two crewmembers as an alternative to the three needed by traditional cockpits. (Krell)"

Tags:flight, crew, indicator, NASA, transportation, aircraft, electronic, boeing, pilot, military

From the Paper
"In 1952, frogs were the first animals to be successfully cloned, but society yawned, barely noticing, this significant scientific milestone or its future implications. July 1997 provided living proof of the first mammal (sheep), named "Dolly" ever cloned from a single adult cell. Scientists in the U.K and Japan claim to have cloned pigs and bulls. Japanese researchers have actually grown in test tubes the eyes and ears of a frog using its own embryo cells. The reality of human cloning is now but a scientific inch away from permanently altering how humanity values itself. "

Tags:bioethics, genetics, science, ethics

Abstract
This paper argues that hybrids are a more possible than not solution for the future. It explains how they offer many unique features including a better fuel economy and cleaner emissions. This contributes to the hybrids' growing popularity and, as a consequence, major automakers are producing their own hybrid models which include sedans, trucks and SUVs. The writer states that currently, these vehicles are more realistic than using fuel cells or diesel. The writer summarizes by claiming that all of these reasons point to the conclusion of hybrids as a definite part in the future of cars.

From the Paper
""If everyone in the US drove a hybrid instead of a traditional car, we could save roughly 1.6 billion barrels of oil a year" (Mihm 1). In the quest for cheaper gasoline and a cleaner environment, the one answer that comes to mind is the hybrid. The hybrid, a gasoline-electric car, seems to be the solution for the future. With lower emissions and better fuel economy, hybrids are thrilling consumers and environmentalists. Because of the unique features of these cars and its popularity among owners, several major automakers are following Toyota and Honda by producing their own hybrid model. This is starting a hybrid revolution whether it's for a sedan, SUV, or truck. With other fuel options such as diesel, all-electric, and fuel cells falling short, hybrids may have a secure spot in our future."

Tags:energy

Abstract
This paper discusses the history, background and the complicated ethics regarding human cloning. The author looks at the science of cloning, pros and cons of cloning and argues that cloning is beneficial in the long run.

From the Paper
"There is no other topic in health care with more potential for controversy than human cloning. I decided to write my paper on human cloning for this very reason, it will be an even more controversial issue than abortion in the future for my generation. Indeed, cloning is a topic for the future but this future is much closer than many people would like to believe. Many have deep religious and ethical reasons for wanting a total ban on human cloning. However, there are also many people, including some scientists, who believe that the possible benefits of human cloning outweigh the risks by a huge margin. Cloning has become an issue within the past 4 years due to the realization that it is possible to clone a human being."

Tags:cells, clones, dolly, embryo, ethics, skin

Abstract
This paper looks at stem cell research using embryos. The author discusses the benefits of this type of research such as combating disease in the future. The author argues in favor of this type of research as he believes that this is a breaking step for medicine and provides counter-active arguments for the immorality and illegitimacy that is attached to embryo research.

From the Paper
"Since the dawn of mankind, humans have struggled to understand how and when life begins. Through countless developments in science and medicine, a much clearer understanding of the origin of life exists, as well as how the body itself works. Scientists of today have observed, in test tubes, the very first stages of life. And now scientists have discovered a new way to harness their knowledge of the origins of life in a way that promises to revolutionize medicine forever. Stem cell research is itself still in its infancy. In 1998, scientists at the University of Wisconsin and at Johns Hopkins University isolated and successfully cultured human pluripotent stem cells for the first time ever ("Fact Sheet"). These cells possess the potential to develop into nearly any type of cell in the body, including muscle, nervous, bone, blood, or skin."

Tags:baby, catholic, cell, church, clinic, clone, cloning, dna, doctor, embryonic, engineering, fertility, genes, genetic, health, human, moral, morality, pope, president, religion, research, scientist, sin, stem