Abstract This paper compares and contrasts cognitive development and learning theory. The paper first describes the concepts of each theory. Then the paper examines how the two theories differ in their orientation and focus. Finally, the paper discusses ways in which the two theories overlap.
From the Paper "This research paper presents a comparison of cognitive development and learning theory. Articles from recent professional literature pertaining to the two theories are reviewed and findings related to the theories..."
Abstract This paper begins by explaining what technology integration means and what its function is within the school system. The paper discusses the benefits and drawbacks of technological tools and looks at how teachers can effectively integrate technology into the curriculum.
From the Paper "Technology integration refers to the integration of technology into the curriculum along with the instructional and learning processes in the classroom. More than just a tool for calculating student marks and a time filler, computers can assist teachers in increasing the quality of the learning experience. Technology essentially enables teachers and students to transcend the limitations that have been imposed upon them by conventional learning materials such as standardized textbooks. However, the incorporation of technological tools within the learning setting does not..."
Abstract This paper compares formal assessment tests to informal reading and writing inventories. The paper looks at how the tests are prepared and administered.
From the Paper "Tests used as a basis of academic assessment have been characterized as falling into one of two categories. Formal assessment tests are norm-referenced or criterion-referenced tests that are administered in a controlled setting in which directions cannot be altered and students respond to items they have not seen in instruction. Informal reading and writing inventories are commercially prepared or teacher student-made tests in which students read orally and retell and or answer comprehension questions over a passage."
Tags: Iowa Test of Basic Skills, Bader Reading and Language Inventory
Abstract This paper describes four areas of a school wide professional development program: instruction, curriculum, organizational effectiveness and standardized testing. The paper explains how schools can improve their capacity to cater to student learning needs.
From the Paper "The school wide professional development program that is described in this paper addresses four inter-related areas: instruction, curriculum, organizational effectiveness and standardized testing. Using the following components- planning, implementation and dissemination - as an organizing framework, this paper will clearly define how schools can improve their capacity to cater to student learning needs. In the planning stages of the professional development program, the school leadership team that consists of members from the administration and the teaching staff should conduct periodic needs assessments of the students teachers..."
Abstract This paper describes a method for improving instruction in multicultural classes that uses the classroom learning environment. The paper discusses the effect of the classroom learning environment on student performance and the components of such an environment that should be taken into account.
From the Paper "With the growing diversity of the student population in the United States, almost all teachers are likely to be confronted with the challenge of at least one student who comes from a minority background during their career. In order to ensure that teachers are able to cater to the diverse needs of the students in multicultural classrooms, researchers have highlighted the importance of the classroom learning environment in students' overall performance. In addition to the organization of the physical classroom environment..."
Abstract This paper discusses the topic of adolescent peer pressure and bullying. The paper looks at the causes of bullying, how adolescents can protect themselves against bullying and how adolescents can resist peer pressure. The paper also discusses what parents can do to help their children resist peer pressure and protect themselves from bullying.
From the Paper "As children grow up they are influenced more and more by the world outside their home and by their friend, parents, teachers and others they meet and interact with in the outside world. Young children learn from their parents and they are influenced by their genetic makeup, which influences their personality type e.g., shy outgoing, smart, athletic or neurotic. They will also be influenced by where they live, a busy city or a small town, by what their parents do, whether they are..."
Abstract In this article, the writer explores the value of obtaining a college education. The writer argues that a college education makes students more competitive and prepares them for professional life. Further, the writer claims that obtaining a college degree is not just beneficial, but it is a necessity in today's society.
From the Paper "For many people a college education gives students an edge in society, competitive job market and prepares students for professional life. More and more jobs require a bachelor's if not an advanced degree. Without a college education, many will find themselves unqualified to gain access to the jobs of their choice. In today's highly competitive society, a college degree is not only beneficial, it is also a necessity. A college education also gives students the unique experience of achieving a degree in ... '
Tags: college education, professional life, competition in today's society
Abstract This paper shows the balance between the negative and positive aspects of public schools. Similarly, it reflects that home schooling provides an ideal atmosphere for a child under close supervision but has certain limitations too.The biggest advantage the home schools offer is the protection from the violence, sex, drugs and other social ills that is now a common phenomenon in the public schools. The public schools may be infested with serious problems, but they are still indispensable to the intellectual, emotional and psychological growth of young minds. The intellectual growth at homes and social grooming at public schools are shown to be equally important. Both these options provided are shown to provide endless opportunities to learn and grow.
From the Paper "Education is most important facet of any society. Educated youth is an asset which contributes to progress, development and evolution of civilization. Human beings are naturally blessed with enormous potentials. Education is the knowledge of putting one's potentials to maximum use. When we think of education, the first thing which comes to our minds is the educational institution or the school. Since centuries, the most common form of getting formal education is through Public Schools. However, it has been observed that in last two to three decades, the Public School education is going down the slope. There are numerous questions raised as to the quality of education being imparted and the illicit extra-curricular activities the students are indulging while attending Public Schools. Parents are now getting apprehensive of sending their children to Public Schools and are forced to think of safe alternatives."
Abstract This paper discusses certain theories of second language acquisition especially about the development of grammar over time. The author review theories of Long, Anderson, Vygotsky, Bialystok, and Pulvermuller and Shumann. The paper relates that these theories do not necessarily contradict each other but do emphasize different parts of the process, such as some theories emphasize the neurological process while others emphasize interaction with other speakers.
From the Paper "The theories of Long, Anderson, Vygotsky, Bialystok, and Pulvermuller and Shumann all explain second language acquisition (SLA) with a different emphasis, but interestingly, not all of these theories are mutually exclusive. That is, because some of them simply emphasize different parts of the process as being of primary importance, or they see the process as happening in a certain part of the consciousness, rather than directly contradicting one another. However, it would be an exaggeration to say that these theories complement and complete each other and give us a complete picture of language acquisition."
Abstract This paper describes peer-to-peer youth program, which is designed to provide disadvantaged youth with opportunities to acquire basic educational and life skills that will promote success at a difficult stage of life. The author points out that the program will pair a high school senior with an adolescent aged 13-16 for a 90-minute period every other week. The paper relates that the education component offers students basic study skills, test-taking strategies and tutoring if the peer leader is knowledgeable in the subject matter.
From the Paper "Today's youth face many difficult challenges as they attempt to seek support for their problems. Peer-to-peer counseling has been known to provide an effective means by which young people may express any personal or academic concerns that they might have. The proposed program will provide peer-to-peer interaction for disadvantaged individuals aged 13-16 who are in need of additional support at a particularly vulnerable stage of life. High school seniors will serve as peer leaders, and they will also provide their younger counterparts with basic skills and training, divided into two primary components: Education and Life Skills. The education component offers students basic study skills, test-taking strategies, and tutoring if the peer leader is knowledgeable in the subject matter. "
Abstract This paper examines the theories of discipline and obedience in the Montessori method of education for children. It begins with a definition of terms intrinsic to this philosophy, and them moves to explain how they are central and interconnected to the Montessori philosophy. It concludes that self-control and personal freedoms allow each student to develop into a normalized person.
From the Paper "Discipline and Obedience in the Montessori Philosophy Dr. Maria Montessori came to develop her philosophies regarding discipline and obedience from her work with both children with and without special needs. From her beliefs that one must enable and observe the child to interact with the environment stemmed a school system which involves supporting the student in their own natural surroundings, yet transfiguring this environment to allow the student to achieve higher levels of success. As thus her ideas surrounding the models of discipline and obedience are central in allowing the young student to aim towards their inner potential. As discipline and obedience are connected through the natural growth and aims of each individual student and teacher, the normalization of each child is fostered by the freedoms allowed to them in the environment prepared and cultivated to be replicated the natural environment by the teacher. For Montessori followers, disciple and obedience are truly linked to"
Abstract The paper discusses in detail the Brown v. Board of Education lawsuit that ended segregation in American schools. The paper shows how this case may have been the most important political, social and legal event in America's twentieth century history. The paper paints a picture of how the Brown v. Board of Education case resulted in a more egalitarian America.
From the Paper "America is a place filled with many different people, belonging to many different cultures. Although everyone is supposedly created equal, this does not always hold true. This has been a constant problem throughout American history. Segregation makes this fact even more obvious. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas sought to rectify this incongruence. Segregation is defined as an intentional setting apart of students by enrolling them in isolated public schools solely on the basis of race; or the socially-patterned separation of people, with or without explicit sanction (Orfield &Eaton, 1996). Brown v. Board of Education outlawed all forms of government-imposed segregation (Burns, 2002). The success of Brown removed a legal barrier to equitable educational opportunities for all American citizens. Brown v. Board of Education is one the signal legal events of our time (Jost, 2004)."
Abstract This paper discusses the role of transformational leaders. It presents a case study of Ms. Gilbert who is a teacher support specialist (TSS) and a transformational leader. It describes the influences of various role models on her leadership style. It also shows how she assesses her strengths and weaknesses in order to be able to create a series of checks and balances to reinforce what works and to highlight what does not work in her leadership style.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Ms. Gilbert's Transformational Role Models
Dr. Deborah Rives
Samuel Gompers
Abraham
Different Roles at School
Mentoring Others
Leadership Team
Team and Hall Leader
Strengths and Weakness
Organizational Practices
Leadership Plan
Conclusion
From the Paper "While knowing your strengths and weaknesses, a transformational leader can become an even better leader. Continuing to listen to others and assess yourself periodically can only make you better. "The Greek word kharisma means 'divine gift' and individuals with charisma have the power to secure the devotion of large numbers of people." (Friedman, 2000) Ms. Gilbert uses her charisma when recruiting colleagues to work with her on various projects. Ms. Gilbert will continue to reflect and progress in her leadership plan. When she reflects, she will look at what has transpired and how others reacted. Then Ms. Gilbert can enhance her leadership plan by making it stronger and more effective."
Abstract The paper focuses on Lev Vygotsky's theory of child development that examines the relationship between the child and his social environment and how they collaborate to mold cognition in culturally adaptive ways. The paper discusses two important concepts of Vygotsky's theory; the zone of proximal development and scaffolding. The paper discusses the importance of young children's interactions with adults and more competent peers in the development of cognition and the relationship between thought and language. The paper also looks at the implications for educators of young children.
From the Paper "Vygotsky's theory of child development, often referred to as sociocultural theory, examines the relationship between the child and his social environment, and how they collaborate to mold cognition in culturally adaptive ways (Berk, 1997). While Vygotsky held similar views of Piaget's theory of development, in which children are active seekers of knowledge, Vygotsky did not view them as the sole constructivists of their own learning. Rather he stressed the importance of sociocultural factors on a child's learning and development. Three basic principles underlying Vygotsky's sociocultural theory examine the influences of social context on learning, the acquisition of language in context to the social environment, and the relationship of language on cognitive development."
Abstract This paper outlines the plan to be used in the Miami School District's negotiation process to redraw its boundaries. Specifically, the paper describes the plan by identifying the stakeholders and the negotiation strategy that will be used. The paper also explores how ethics and culture will affect this negotiation process.
Table of Contents:
Stakeholders
Negotiations Strategy
The Negotiation Plan
Impact of Ethics
Impact of Culture
Conclusion
From the Paper "During the negotiation process, many ethical issues will arise. For example, a party may question whether to disclose all the information he or she has on the subject that could impair the opposing party's position. Alternatively, a party may try to intimidate the other into conceding on certain issues. Even though these tactics may get the negotiator what he or she wants in the current negotiation, they can lead to reputational harm or decreased effectiveness in the future.
