A study of the preconditions and policies required for economic growth and why some Asia-Pacific countries have failed to achieve sustainable long-term growth.
Abstract A study into why certain Asia-Pacific countries such as Cambodia fail to reach long-term economic growth and an explanation of the conditions and policies needed in an economic climate to achieve this growth.
The paper covers the following topics:
Preconditions for faster economic growth
Policies for faster economic growth
Asia Pacific LDCs (Least Developed Countries) & Cambodia
The paper is filled with examples and recent statistics of countries including USA, Australia, Taiwan, Europe, Japan, Cambodia, and Asia-Pacific LDCs in general.
From the Paper "According to McTaggart et al, there are several pre-conditions for economic growth. One of which is the existence of an institutional framework that is crucial to the creation of incentives. This institutional framework included markets (supply and demand), property rights, facilities for monetary exchange, as well as simple and transparent regulatory systems (1999: 32.7). Market prices send signals to buys and sellers that create incentives to increase or decrease the quantities demanded and supplied. Markets also enable people to specialise and trade and to save and invest. Property rights are the social arrangements that govern the ownership, use and disposal of factors of production and goods and services (McTaggart et al, 1999:32.17). They include the rights to physical property, to financial property and to intellectual property. The existence of property rights and their enforcement by the law provide people with certainty in their business dealings and hence they help provide macroeconomic stability and a pre-condition for growth."
Abstract This paper discusses the impact that NAFTA has had on the Canadian economy. Through examples of the role that NAFTA has played it is seen that this impact has been largely positive. Areas examined include NAFTA's role in mediating between the U.S. and Canada and increased employment through an increase in trade opportunity, among others. Arguments defending the role of NAFTA against criticism it has faced are also presented.
From the Paper "Canada and the United States have had a long-standing friendship in which the two nations live peacefully side-by-side. The borders are not armed, the residents of each nation have respect for the other and there are many advantages enjoyed by remaining friendly. Just as any two friends will have disagreements from time to time, Canada and the US have also had their share of problems. One of the problems that has occurred from time to time between the two nations deals with the economics of each nation. NAFTA, which is a membership group designed to promote and improve trade relations within the member nations is sometimes called in to mediate between Canada and the US. NAFTA has had a positive impact on the Canadian economy overall, but it has not been without its problems for the northernmost country of the North American continent."
Abstract The paper defines globalization as a term used to refer to a number of trends leading towards a more interconnected world. The paper discusses how globalization of communication has affected personal relationships and more conservative social structures, and how globalization of moral vision impacts social associations, individuals and governments.
From the Paper "Electronic communication, beginning with the telegraph, then the telephone, radio, movies, television, and now E-mail, faxes, and the Internet, extends the ability to communicate, both through space and in time. In the 1960's when Marshall McLuhan published The Global Village, he saw that the advent of electronic communication would bring about a change as great as that of the printing press (Beabout 2000). Just as the advent of literacy changed the way humans communicate, electronic communication allows a new form of awareness about the world in which we live."
Abstract This paper analyzes stock market crashes, from 1929 until today. The paper describes the volatile history that has taken place since 1929, illustrating an interesting discourse on the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The writer provides possible recovery scenarios and offers advice to the beginner investor.
From the Paper "One country that has affected that of the United States in the issues of responding to market outcomes in America is that of China. In 1998 China's stock market operated smoothly and we saw it continue to grow. By the end of 1999 the number of companies listed on domestic markets in China had reached eight hundred fifty one that is an increase of one hundred and six, or fourteen percent, for the year. The chairman of the Securities Regulatory Commission said that by the end of that year the total market value had exceeded 24.46 percent of the gross domestic product, and the number of registered investors reached thirty nine million. The Dow Jones Industrial report continued to say that one hundred twenty enterprises listed stocks on both domestic and overseas markets. One hundred fifty seven enterprises listed A shares and two companies issued convertible bonds which all had an aggregate capital-raising volume of 84.14 billion (Madigan 1999)."
Abstract In 1992 South Korea stood as a model of prosperity and economic innovation. Only three years later, South Korea followed the rest of East Asia into an economic meltdown. This paper gives a detailed economic history of South Korea and examines the harsh economic policies imposed by the IMF at the start of the Asian financial crisis that led to the economy's eventual collapse in 1998. It also examines how three years on, South Korea faces an unbalanced recovery and a labor movement badly wounded by neo-liberalism, while the majority of its people suffer rising insecurity and falling incomes.
From the Paper "The chaebol are huge, highly diversified, often vertically integrated conglomerates. (South Korea Business) The monoliths started out as small family-run businesses shortly after the war, and many still are family owned and operated. Hyundai and Samsung are two of the best known. "The chaebol account for about one-third of all industrial production, which forms the core of the Korean economy." (South Korea Business) Some critics say the chaebol have a finger in so many pies, and thus control so much of the overall economy, that they are, in effect, oligopolists, and are able to engage in price collusion. (South Korea Business) "
Abstract This paper talks about the role that division of labor plays in capitalism. It focuses on Adam's Smith's view of division of labor and how it fits into our society. The advantages and disadvantges of this practice are listed and analyzed.
From the Paper "Capitalism, what is Capitalism? It is an economic system, which has been dominant in the western world since the breakup of Feudalism. An economic system in which competing firms produce material use values (anything humans produce for use or sale) as commodities for a society wide competitive market."
Abstract The paper shows that while there are numerous theories on the dozens of possibilities that could be deemed the key causes of the Great Depression, there are two in particular that seem to stand out from the crowd: 1) The blatant lack of equal wealth distribution that was prevalent throughout the 1920's, and 2) the far-reaching rumors about a stock market crash which turned out to be the epitome of a self-fulfilling prophecy.
From the Paper "The Great Depression, which began in 1929, was not only an economically treacherous event, but it also wreaked havoc on the pride, dignity and morale of countless Americans. Suffering from the shock of instant poverty, many people were actually driven to commit suicide so that their families could survive on the insurance money. Though we are all aware of the tragedies associated with The Great Depression, many questions remain as to just what caused such a widespread calamity to occur."
From the Paper In The Division of Labor in Society, Emile Durkheim (1984) argues that the role of the division of labor is more than to make civilization possible through the provision of economic services. Rather, he argues its true function is to create a feeling of solidarity between people (Durkheim, 1984, p. 17). He states that his view of the division of labor differs from that of economists because they view the division's primary purpose as increased production. For Durkheim, however, greater productivity is merely a necessary consequence, a side-effect, of the division. Its true function is to enable us to live in the new conditions of existence created for us (Durkheim, 1984, p. 217)."
Compares economic success in Korea with failure in Latin Amer. Govt. & politics, export-industrialization vs. import-substitution economies, leadership, foreign investment, dependency theory.
6,075 words (approx. 24.3 pages), 17 sources, 1996, $ 135.95
From the Paper "Much of the academic discussion about the political economy of development has turned upon the contrast between East Asia and Latin America. East Asian growth, embodied especially in the case of South Korea, has been dynamic and powerful and is seen largely as the result of the development of an export-industrialization economy. Latin American growth, on the other hand, has been sluggish and is seen largely as the result of the development of an import-substitution economy. Yet, both South Korea and the Latin American countries had begun as relatively undeveloped areas of the globe in the mid-1900s and were subject to many of.the same external influences--namely, American military and economic intervention--attempting to shape the future political and economic courses of these regions. The question that arises is why have South Korea and other East Asian
From the Paper "Introduction
The Social Security system, developed during the Great Depression as a way to supplement income for those not protected by pensions and savings, is facing long-term funding difficulties. Baby boomers, who represent the largest age group in American society, are rapidly approaching retirement age when there will be more Social Security recipients than there are contributors. There is significant concern regarding how Social Security can be funded over the long-term, and several different proposals have been made by politicians and economists alike. This research considers one such proposal, which is that individuals be permitted to make contributions to individual retirement accounts without jeopardizing their Social Security payments."
From the Paper "Introduction
The budget process is one way in which companies determine how they are performing in relation to how they expect to perform. Calculating the variances of planned (budgeted) expenses against actual expenses and the variances of planned revenue toward actual revenue can help companies decide whether cutbacks need to be made or whether expansion plans are in order. Individual managers often devote a significant amount of their effort toward the budget process, and managers may well find their own performance (and compensation) tied to how well their projections match how their organization actually performs. Because of the importance of the budget process to an organization, companies must have accurate budgets which provide them with timely and useful information. Two types of budgets, static and flexible, have.."
An examination of the reasons for diversification. Looks at economic issues, strategies, types and impact on corporate performance,. Provides examples in beverage industry (Coca-Cola, PepsiCo & Cadbury Schweppes).
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 10 sources, 1997, $ 63.95
From the Paper I"ntroduction
Companies have long sought ways to protect themselves from downturns in the economy or from the commercial vagaries which can affect the success of their products. A popular strategy for many years has been that of diversification, which is the adding of new product or service areas to an organization which are different from the ones currently provided. This research considers diversification and the factors which contribute to it, and evaluates the diversification strategy of three leaders in the beverage industry, Coca Cola, PepsiCo and Cadbury Schweppes.
Reasons for Diversification
The primary reason for diversification is to lower overall risk by reducing dependence on one or only a few product or service areas (Campbell, Goold, & Alexander, 1995, p. 79). In undertaking diversification.."
Abstract David M. Potter in his book People of Plenty offers an analysis of the American character and American achievement in terms of the plenty Americans were faced with in the country they shaped out of the New world. It was the possibility that there was such abundance somewhere in the world that spurred many of the early explorers and that contribute to the decision of many of the colonists to settle in this region. Potter postulates that the American character has been shaped by exposure to the abundance around them so that they have become a people of plenty, a people shaped by economic abundance. In analyzing this issue, Potter also develops a different perspective on the role of the historian.
From the Paper "David M. Potter in his book People of Plenty offers an analysis of the American character and American achievement in terms of the plenty Americans were faced with in the country they shaped out of the New world. It was the possibility that there was such abundance somewhere in the world that spurred many of the early explorers and that contribute to the decision of many of the colonists to settle in this region. Potter postulates that the American character has been shaped by exposure to the abundance around them so that they have become a people of plenty, a people shaped by economic abundance. In analyzing this issue, Potter also develops a different perspective on the role of the historian.
Potter began his analysis when asked in 1950 to write about the American character and especially on the influence of ..."
Abstract This research reviews the steps and procedures involved in the development and implementation of a two-year budget for a public school district. Neither an actual nor a prototype budget for a public school district is developed in this research.
From the Paper "DEVELOPMENT & IMPLEMENTATION OF A TWO-YEAR BUDGET FOR A PUBLIC SCHOOL DISTRICT
Introduction
This research reviews the steps and procedures involved in the development and implementation of a two-year budget for a public school district. Neither an actual nor a prototype budget for a public school district is developed in this research. Rather, a description and explanation of the process, together with a discussion and evaluation of relevant issues, are presented.
Assumptions for the Public School District
The public school district's budget function is a split calendar year process that extends over a 24-month period. Thus, the budget developed in the first-half of 1999 finances ..."
Abstract Background
Basketball superstar Michael Jordan is the most "powerful"celebrity on the planet," according to a ranking by Forbes magazine on March 22, 1998. Those making the Forbes Celebrity 100 list were awarded
From the Paper "THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MICHAEL JORDAN
Background
Basketball superstar Michael Jordan is the most "powerful"celebrity on the planet," according to a ranking by Forbes magazine on March 22, 1998. Those making the Forbes Celebrity 100 list were awarded a "power ranking" that measures 1998 income and media buzz - a blend of prominence on the Internet, magazine covers, on television and radio and in newspaper clips - that can also be a measure of future earnings power (Celebrity power..., 1998, 104). Thus, while comedian Jerry Seinfeld made the most money last year ($267 million) and teen heartthrob actor Leonardo DiCaprio appeared on the most magazine covers (14), it was Jordan who cashed in big time on his name ..."
