Abstract This paper shows how the study of the economics surrounding slavery can give a better understanding of the issues surrounding both slavery and the Civil War. Topics covered include the origins of slavery, opposing views on slavery, the and the economic effectiveness of slavery.
From the Paper "Slavery and the civil war are very complex economic and historical issues. Many prominent Economic Historians view the institution of slavery vastly different from one another. With the difference in views also comes opposing opinions on whether or not the Civil War was actually needed to end the practice of slavery. While it is impossible to truly know what would have happened had events been different surrounding the American Civil War, it is possible to learn about the differences in opinions. Examining the origins of slavery, the opposing views of slavery, and the economics of the civil war can lend a clearer picture of this time frame"
Tags: slavery, Civil, War, south, economics, emancipation, abolition, profit
Abstract The questions answered are: Why did Weber regard bureaucratization as an irreversible trend in modern society? Is there any point in continuing to study the classical theorists in order to understand modern society? To what extent do the demands of academic achievement conflict with the demands of femininity? With reference to at least two theoretical perspectives, outline and discuss why motherhood continues to be problematic for feminists. What methodological issues are raised by feminist and anti-racist research? Discuss with reference to examples. Distinguish between random and non-random sampling techniques in sociological research. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each with reference to examples of research studies. What important factors influence the choice of quantitative and qualitative techniques?
Abstract The topic of this paper is privacy issues. It focuses on the province of Ontario and the topic of health information. Through the Ontario Hospital Insurance Plan the Ontario government has health information on everyone. Since the IT revolution that information is held in computer databases.
Abstract This paper explains that believing everything one reads may lead to a false sense of economic security. The author points out that the economy may be improving, but economists are only hoping that corporate America will get that sense of security and, therefore, create the economic resurgence the nation so desperately needs. The author predicts that, after experiencing investment deficiency, organizations will slowly increase their levels of spending, which will eventually add jobs. Charts.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Current economy
Inflation
Unemployment Figures
Iraq/Military
Investment
Airline industry
Oil
Forecast 2004
Conclusions
From the Paper "Recently new scandals have been brought to the forefront of the media regarding the mutual fund fraud and favoritism. Yet the market continues to gobble up large amounts of cash because Baby Boomers are nearing retirement. The key is that investors should be in the market for the long haul to reduce volatility. We should understand that sell-offs can happen. There are always speculative bubbles, a lack of confidence in the economy or market, potential recession, increased inflation, a possible war, or simply ?just because.? Going back as far as the 19th century proves stocks are not any riskier than bonds in the long run and although returns fluctuate from year to year, volatility is all but canceled over longer periods."
Abstract This paper examines five articles taken from "The Wall Street Journal". Each article discusses one of the following economictopics: the consumer confidence index; the impact of interest rates on the stock market; the federal funds rate and the cost of economic development.
From the Paper "The consumer confidence index rose in June 2004 to 101.9, its highest point in two years. Some feared consumer spending would decrease, as tax cuts were spent and interest rates continued to rise. Economists contribute the high to wage increases and perceived job stability. Despite these facts, consumer purchases of big-ticket items, such as automobiles, have decreased. Even the major retailers Target Corporation and Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. have reported June sales below expectations. Economists speculate that increased gasoline prices and interest rates are to blame. The consumer confidence index, which began in 1985 measures consumer opinion of current economic conditions (40% of the index) and future expectations (60%) (McWhinney, 2005, para. 5). "
Abstract This paper examines the roles of societal issues and cultural issues in fostering economic growth; including the most relevant factors. The paper discusses problems and experiences in developed economies and developing economies, and the differences between them.
From the Paper "Economic growth is a serious concern for all nations and societies. Even developed economies such as those in the United States, Japan and Western Europe ..."
Abstract This paper includes four essays on economics: globalization of agriculture, food production and the logistics of distribution; globalization conflicts, economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa, and U.S. technological development. The paper discusses conflict issues as a result of globalization and the importance of resolving these issues.
From the Paper "The world has become an increasingly globalized community in which agriculture ,food production and the location and distribution of vital resources is a key concern ..."
Tags:Economics, Sub-Saharan Africa, globalization, agriculture, technology, biotechnology, new economy
Abstract This essay deals with a number of economicissues raised by air pollution in developed and developing countries. The general argument is that although developed and developing countries have similar issues to deal with when it comes to air pollution, there are also important differences between the developed and developing countries in terms of air pollution. The paper goes on to say that the first major difference was the sources of air pollution. In developed countries air pollution mostly comes from motor vehicles like car, trucks and SUVs. In developing countries air pollution is coming from industrialization, car use and increasing energy consumption. In both developed and developing countries air pollution is a by-product of other economic activities.
Abstract This paper studies the causes of the American Civil War. While most historians maintain that slavery was the main cause of the war, this paper argues that slavery was only responsible to a certain extent and that there were complex political and economic factors which played an important role in the Civil War. The writer discusses the South's waning ability to maintain its army of slaves and asserts that the North's growing industrial power also fueled the conflict. Political factors, including the issue of equal representation in the Congress and states? autonomy, are considered as possible causes of the war in this paper.
From the Paper "Civil war is the most momentous and crucial period in the history of America. Not only did this war bring an end to centuries of slavery in the country but also gave way to numerous social and political changes. The country had already been torn by the negative trend in race relations and numerous cases of slave uprisings were taking their toll on the country's political and social structure. While slavery is cited as the most common cause of the Civil War, it is believed that there were several other factors involved. In other words, though slavery was the major cause it was certainly not the only cause. Civil war and abolition of slavery have become synonymous terms as the former led to the latter. But still some historians maintain that slavery has been turned into a too convenient excuse in connection with the Civil War."
Abstract The paper discusses the Shia Imami Ismaili Muslim community which prospered greatly in East Africa, due to its distinct socio-economic and political structure and issues that distinguished it not only from other Indians, but also from other Muslim communities. It shows that their prosperity was also due to the guidance of their leader, the Aga Khan, who also helped them overcome the socio-economic and political issues they encountered as members of East African society.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Brief history & Background of Ismaili Muslims
Migration of Ismailis from India to East Africa
Internal Conflicts within the Ismaili Community
Differences between Nizari Muslims and other Muslims in East Africa
Conflicts within the society as the Aga Khan tries to modernize his community
Conclusion
From the Paper "Indian merchants have visited East Africa for almost two thousand years to trade ivory, rubber, cattle, goats, grain, copra, gum, copal, hides, and horses. The majority of the Indians settled there today, however, began to emigrate from India during the early nineteenth century during the reign of Said bin Sultan. Said was the ruler of Muscat, who inherited sovereignty over Zanzibar and parts of the African coast, and took this opportunity to develop foreign trade in his dominions. In order to do so, when his capital transferred form Muscat to Zanzibar, he encouraged the immigration of Asian traders to Zanzibar, and also took some Indian advisers with him. He gave them ?complete religious, social, and economic freedom.? At the time, and probably for generations before it, banking, commerce, and even small retail on the African coast were run by Indians, causing the colony to flourish and grow. Emigration increased significantly between 1840 and the 1870s, and amongst the Indians were also Nizari Khojas (Shia Imami Ismaili Muslims). Though they encountered obstacles on the way, the Shia Imami Ismaili Muslim community prospered greatly in East Africa, mostly because of its distinct socio-economic and political structure and issues that distinguished it not only from other Indians, but also from other Muslim communities. Their prosperity was also due to the guidance of their leader, the Aga Khan, who also helped them overcome the socio-economic and political issues they encountered as members of East African society."
Abstract This paper discusses how neoclassical economics provides an evaluation of current economic situations as they relate to elements within society. Neoclassical economics is a form of macroeconomics that allows for an evaluation of these elements that may include pricing employment spending consumption and the value of money. The paper further discusses how neoclassical economists as more capable of realizing the shift in the economy over time they can then produce resolutions to issues that may be affecting the problems that are related to the current economic condition. Neoclassical economics also focuses on the individual and his or her relationship to the economy.
Abstract This paper discusses the ethical dilemma of doing business in countries where bribery is an inherent part of the economic structure. The author summarizes some arguments for and against bribery, and points out that the imposition of Western ethics on other cultures is itself unethical. The negative and positive implications of paying or not paying bribes are also discussed. The paper concludes that economic benefits and costs must be strongly considered on a case by case basis before offering any bribe, even if it is standard operating procedure in that country.
From the Paper "One of the main objections to this is that in many countries these underlying beliefs are invalid. For example, the very concept of the rule of law may not exist , or it may exist in a radically different form. While nations can, on a global scale, seek to build Western legal frameworks in developing countries, the reality on the ground for individual corporations is different. Moreover, in many cases the notion that the local government is concerned with improving governance and alleviating poverty is mere wishful thinking, an inappropriate application of Western idealism. Under such circumstances, rejecting bribery becomes a futile gesture that serves only to hinder a company's business prospects."
Abstract This paper discusses how Economic Value Added (EVA) is not a new concept in economics and financial theory and is based on the 19th century concept of ?economic profit?, it has only been widely adopted recently by business firms as an accounting practice. It describes what EVA is and looks at its pros and cons from the point of view of the company adopting the practice and the investors. It also examines how EVA differs from some other emerging accounting practices and the major issues relating to EVA as compared to other commonly used accounting principles. Finally, the possible problems and opportunities that a company adopting EVA principles can face are analyzed.
From the Paper "In other words Economic Value Added is not the straightforward accounting "profit" that we get by subtracting the costs minus revenue. In EVA we take into account the "cost of capital" that is invested in the business and the cost of capital includes both debt and equity. Hence if we invest, for example, $ 100,000 in a business and get $110,000 as revenue the profit is not simply ($ 110,000 minus $ 100,000 = $ 10,000) since the $ 100,000 at the time of investment had an opportunity cost that has to be accounted for before we determine our "real" profit. If the opportunity cost of $100,000 at the time of investment was $ 120,000, i.e., the investor could earn $ 20,000 by investing his/her money elsewhere, the $10,000 "paper profit" would actually be a "loss" in real terms."
Abstract The paper relates that in "The New Economics," Deming offers a vision for industry, government and education based on effective knowledge, information management and sustainable growth. The paper asserts that the author is profoundly optimistic and forward-thinking in his views of knowledge, human potential and the capacity for positive transformation. The paper discusses how Deming extends far beyond the scope of textbook economics, looking at issues related to human welfare and well-being. The paper concludes that "The New Economics" offers a visionary theory of revolutionary change, not just in American economics but in American culture.
From the Paper "The New Economics is succinct: less than 250 pages including the index. Accessible in its tone and layout if not its writing style, the book remains viable as a trade book but its author's background and credibility and his theoretical underpinnings make The New Economics required reading for students, scholars, and professionals. The crux of The New Economics is what Deming calls "A System of Profound Knowledge," which he outlines in detail in Chapter 4. The book is divided into ten sections plus an appendix and index."
