Abstract This paper quotes two of UmbertoEcos' non-fiction works on semiotics and his well-known fiction work, "In the Name of the Rose," as a reference to his use of semiotics as metaphorical and pluralistic tools. The paper includes quotes from both the fiction and non-fiction works. The paper uses one book by Christina La Rocca as an extra historic reference with regards to monastic life and miscellaneous facts about medieval Italy.
From the Paper "A common theme in literature and a universal, human obsession is the thin line that exists between honesty and deception, illusion and truth. There is a certain author who is noted for his fiction and non-fiction work on the subject, Umberto Eco. He often uses artistic examples, such as art and literature, to explain and discuss how we use words, mannerisms and other signals as a culture to communicate. According to Eco, the concepts of honesty and fallacy are much more multifaceted then simply being truthful or telling a lie. They are also social constructs that influence our language, behavior and other means of communication."
Abstract This paper centers around the work of Italian Semiotics professor, journalist and author UmbertoEco's "Travels in Hyperreality". It focuses on the different meanings of the word "communication" and text from UmbertoEco and is set to show that the American over valuation of its self and desire to represent its values in society will be its possible downfall.
From the Paper "The text 'Travels in Hyperreality' by Umberto Eco describes communication through symbols in the United States that are used in representation of various areas of society. These include a hologram of "Two very beautiful naked girls" that is displayed at the School of Holography in New York. Another symbol is Superman, the US 'superhero' and his retreat the Fortress of Solitude. This fortress is a private museum, Wunderkammer, of his life and where he came from, Kandor, Krypton. This place represents the 'ultimate' of the US to preserve past symbols."
Abstract This paper discusses the themes that are found within UmbertoEco's "The Name of the Rose." The paper focuses on the themes of the differentiation of natural and demonic magic, the danger of seeking knowledge and the control of knowledge. It also discusses Eco's ability to weave an engaging murder mystery together with a commentary on the society of 13th century Western Europe.
From the Paper "Though there are many themes found throughout The Name of the Rose, the three that are most thoroughly explored in the novel are the differentiation of natural and demonic magic, the danger of seeking knowledge, and the control of knowledge. These concepts are integral to life during the late 12th and early 13th centuries, as the introduction of texts in the 11th century had a massive impact on knowledge. With the works of scores of authors suddenly flooding a culture that contained thousands of people yearning for knowledge, the Church was forced to separate texts compatible with Christianity from those that were not. Umberto Eco uses the Franciscan abbey to represent an era in which certain knowledge is forbidden, and the murder mystery in his novel is simply an allegory for the conflicts that surrounded society during this time."
Explores the process of eco- sabotage according to the qualities that compose eco- sabotage, which are its inherent violence, property destruction and breaking the law.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 6 sources, 2002, $ 97.95
Abstract This paper demonstrates that eco- sabotage is morally and ethically sound despite its qualities of property destruction and breaking the law, in that the overwhelming implications of ecological damage far outweigh the considerations of those harmed through eco- sabotage.
Abstract This paper discusses how eco-tourism in Brazil has been underdeveloped and how it could serve as an even greater source of income on both a local level and national level for the Brazilian economy. It explores and identifies many factors such as various economic, political and social factors that influence the ability of Brazil to expand their ecotourism market.
Outline
Findings
Primary Research
Secondary Research
Conclusion
Works Cited
Appendix I
Appendix II
From the Paper "One of the major concerns in promoting ecotourism is the effect that the influx of human beings will have on the region (Riverdeep, 2000). Phillip Fearnside (1986) stresses the fact that we have many example to draw from in the past and that we must consider our choices carefully. In 2001, a conference was held to address ecotourism issues in Brazil. This conference addressed planning and product development, monitoring and regulation in regards to sustainability, marketing and promotion, and the costs and benefits of ecotourism (SDMEA, 2001). In May of 2002 many countries joined to discuss these same issues on a global basis (World Ecotourism Summit, 2002)."
Abstract This paper closely analyzes the erotic and eco-feminist aspects of two works by Ursula LeGuin and Michelle Cliff. This paper is highly analytical, employs points of post-colonial theory and revels in the idea of women as supreme. The works addressed are Cliff's "Abeng" and LeGuin's, "She Unnames Them and Other Selected Works".
From the Paper "Eco-feminist theory is an extension of the politically charged feminist movement, which combines gender and race oppression with the subjugation of the natural world. According to this theory, the female gender is interconnected with the surrounding world. Thus, gender appropriate terminology emerges, such as 'mother nature' and 'mother earth,' in order to solidify the female's attachment to her natural surroundings. In Michelle Cliff's novel Abeng, female protagonist Clare Savage is burdened with the inability to experience a sense of 'oneness,' or what Audre Lorde calls "the erotic" with her Jamaican homeland and family members. Lorde describes the erotic as "a resource within each of us that lies in a deeply female and spiritual plane, firmly rooted in the power of our unexpressed or unrecognized feeling" (Lorde 103). It is necessary to understand this novel from an eco-feminist view so that the theory can be used as a scope or lens when approaching works that are classically labeled, 'feminist' or in this case, 'eco-feminist works.'"
Abstract This paper begins by detailing the life and works of the author, UmbertoEco. It then looks at the novel, explaining it as really not just one story, but two stories that twist together and weave themselves into a single tale. It discusses the use of two intertwining conflicts within the novel and how the characters deal with these.
From the Paper "The Name Of The Rose is Umberto Eco's first novel and it was originally published in 1980. Prior to writing this text, Eco was already a well-known and respected intellectual and writer. In his native Italy, Eco played an important part in academic, cultural and political debates for more than two decades. Among academics he was also known as a literary critic and semiotician. (Atkins et al.) According to Eco, semiotics is both a general theory and an analytical tool. With semiotics, Eco believes that all things can be understood. What semiotics does is to regard all cultural expressions as messages in a communication process. "It was semiotics that actually made it possible for (Eco) to talk about different phenomena in a homogeneous way, and to make his different studies"of medieval aesthetics and popular culture, of modernist literature and television programs?meet and enrich each other.? (Ridless et al.) Umberto Eco speaks of social life as a sign system.. This system consists of a mechanism of cross-referencing between symbols (signs, things which name and stand for other things) and existents (the objects which are singled out and designated by particular signs). The first part of the system is called by Eco the "expression plane"; the second, the ?content plane.? The correlation of elements from either side constitutes a ?sign function.? The latter is determined by the code of a language. A code is ?the individual performance of an underlying competence.? It is the not a collectively conscious practice of language users of substituting signifying items with their sanctified replacements, their meaning or signified. ?The empirical success of communication is what allows us to infer the existence of a "community" of language users (code sharers). This community is based on universally internalized linguistic laws or constants, which the individual draws messages from, according to a ?rule-governed creativity.? It should be specified, too, that a sign does not have to be verbal. What makes semiotics (the study of signs) valuable to aesthetic theory is that it comprehends under language any structured interrelation between an expression and a content (a signifier and signified). Music, painting, gesture are all languages (sign systems) according to this theory.? (Ridless et al.)"
Abstract This paper will explore elements of Ridley Scott's "Blade Runner' in light of UmbertoEco's theories of cinema's "common language" and the intertextuality of film. It will be argued that to fully understand 'Blade Runner' it is necessary to situate it in the context of the cinematic genre of film noir. Given the extent of the movie's "debt" to the "common language" of film noir, Blade Runner can be seen as a postmodern film noir; the product of a "metasemiotic culture" in which innovation is achieved only through re-visioning the past.
Abstract This essay focusses on the different meanings of the word "communication" and text from UmbertoEco's "Travels in Hyper Reality". The text was chosen because of its use of symbols and their cultural relevance to society and culture; specifically in relation to that of the United States. The differing meanings of "communication" comes from discourses from lectures, tutorials and various readings. The interlinking of the two areas, text and "communication" meanings is presented after an examination of them separately.
From the Paper "The text 'Travels in Hyper reality' by Umberto Eco describes communication through symbols in the United States that are used in representation of various areas of society. These include a hologram of "Two very beautiful naked girls" that is displayed at the School of Holography in New York. Another symbol is Superman, the US 'superhero' and his retreat the Fortress of Solitude. This fortress is a private museum, Wunderkammer, of his life and where he came from, Kandor, Krypton. This place represents the 'ultimate' of the US to preserve past symbols."
Abstract There are several different 'worlds of books' within 'The Name of the Rose'. The novel itself is a world of books, containing subtle and obvious references to scores of other literary works. Within that is the Medieval world the novel is set in, where books were a measure of wealth. Within this world is the monastery - another world filled with books, and within this is the library containing books from around the world. This paper attempts to unravel this bewildering array of books within books and worlds within worlds.
From the Paper "First, it is important to ascertain just what is meant by the phrase "world of books" with regards to the novel The Name of the Rose by Umberto Eco. There are several ways in which The Name of the Rose could be seen to contain the theme "the world of books", and it is worth looking at all of them to see how cleverly Eco has incorporated this concept into the narrative at many different levels. The Name of the Rose itself could be seen as a "world of books" in its own right, as it is a novel written almost entirely from other books. Eco declared that The Name of the Rose was his attempt to write nothing original, but a book written entirely from texts already in existence. Another kind of "world of books" is the medieval world where the story is set. In this world, books were the treasured property of an elite few, mainly the rich and the clergy, the only people who could afford books (all being handwritten with exquisite care) or indeed, read them. The possession of books denoted wealth, intelligence and status. The more books a man owned the more respected he would be. Monasteries were the places where most books were produced, and although the novel is set in a monastery because Eco "felt like poisoning a monk" (Reflections on The Name of the Rose, p.13) this setting allowed Eco to present another kind of "world of books", a monastery, where books were of great importance. The monastery is a place where books are constantly spoken of, and sought for, read and reproduced. Within the monastery itself, is yet another world of books ? the library. Within its labyrinth of passages is held tremendous knowledge from all over the world. However, not only does the library contain answers to life in general, it also holds the key to all the mysterious happenings in the monastery itself."
Tags: adso, baskerville, monastery, monks, murder, mystery, umberto, william
Abstract The paper relates that the fashion industry depends on the public and the public has started demanding products that use less energy to produce as well as eco-friendly fibers and fabrics. The paper explains what eco-fashion is and why it is a growing trend and discusses how the fashion industry is becoming more environmentally conscious to appeal to this wider, eco-savvy market. The paper therefore shows how creating eco-fashions that meet consumer concerns and yet are still stylish and wearable makes good fashion and business sense.
From the Paper "As more people become conscious of the choices they make and how they affect the environment, industries are having to adapt to keep up with consumer trends, and the fashion industry is no different. Consumers are demanding eco-friendly clothing that is far less of a drain on non-renewable resources such as oil. One reporter states, "For example, polyester, the most widely used manufactured fiber, is made from petroleum. With the rise in production in the fashion industry, demand for man-made fibers, especially polyester, has nearly doubled in the last 15 years, according to figures from the Technical Textile Markets" (Claudio). Now, consumers are looking for alternatives to these unfriendly fabrics, they want renewable fibers like bamboo, soy, organic cotton, and much more. They also want to know that the fabrics they choose are low labor and do not use many natural resources to produce."
Explores the relationship between faith and reason in the history of the European inquisitions and in the representations of faith and reason in Eco's "Name of the Rose".
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 5 sources, 2002, $ 80.95
Abstract Both the perspectives of the European inquisitions and Eco's "Name of the Rose" offer important understandings of medieval history. Eco's novel exemplifies how singular perspectives are often ineffective in determining what is true, or what is truth. In this paper, the role of "truth" is explored as an important process of the inquisitions and an important question for the characters in Eco's novel. The novel, as fiction, plus historical understandings from non-fiction sources, help build an understanding of the role of the Inquisition in establishing bureaucratic processes and legal institutions.
Abstract This paper examines the nature of modernity in motion within the futurist movement at the turn of the 20th century. By analyzing "State of Mind: The Farewells" (1911) by Umberto Bocking and "Cosmic Flora" (1925) by Paul Klee, the paper shows how the works present both an organic and industrial representation of the fast movement of technological developments, which provide a distinct sense of motion through composition and objective technique. The paper concludes that, through their desire to capture the quickening tempo of advancing technology and rapid development, these painters took an abstract and progressive view towards motion in composition, in which modern motion became the axis of human progress.
From the Paper "Another advocate and inspiration of the futurist movement was Paul Klee, as his compositions also provide a varied set of modern motion that provide a more organic variety of this style. In "Cosmic Flora" Klee shows a set of tiered expressions of the movement of life in 'cosmic' framework, very much like a set of parallel filmstrips in a moving picture. The different aspects of floral and landscape arrangements act as a similar stylistic that was to be used as a vehicle for motion in futurism. Other artists such as Egon Schiele and Franz Marc used this type of motion that provides a framework for motion in relation to space. Klee's attempt to show an abstract point of view of movement in a cosmic setting is also similar to Boccioni's "The City Rises", which provides the idea of modern urban people as a blurred and nearly incomprehensible set of objects that are restless and constantly active. With the 20th century technological advances making rapid progress, Klee is representative of a more organic type of futurism that expressed movement in the fluidity of modern motion (Klee 31), but without the industrial aspects of Boccioni's works. For Klee the major difference between his own organic motion and industrial motion are the only aspects of differentiation that do not bind him to the futurist movement of Boccioni's "State of Mind: The Farewells.""
This paper discusses, switching from logging and fishing to eco-tourism, the economy of two towns, Ucluelet and Tofino, located between the Pacific Rim National Park on the western Vancouver Island, Canada.
Abstract This paper explains that Tofino has already switched to an economy based on eco-tourism and is now overwhelmed with tourists and environmental activists; Ucluelet is still debating ecotourism and is facing major economic problems. The author points out that people working in tourist-based businesses are optimistic that the community will be well-served by an influx of eco-tourists; however, loggers and fishermen, who would be displaced, feel that tourism is low-paying, seasonal at best and unpredictable. The paper relates that the Ucluelet Chamber of Commerce and the Ucluelet Economic Development Corporation have developed a Smart Growth policy outlining a sustainable economy, which includes positions such as (1) undertaking development in a compact fashion, (2) supporting mixed use development, (3) protecting sensitive environmental areas and (4) integrating open space into daily living.
From the Paper "In both towns, the supply and affordability of housing is now a problem for those who are seasonally employed--many of whom live in the area all year--and for those who are employed year round, but have middle or lower incomes. Seasonal visitors will pay premium rates for rental units. The result in Tofino has been a lack of affordable year-round housing. In Ucluelet such pressures have not yet become as critical, but as it also grows, it may face housing problems similar to those experienced in Tofino. Affordable housing is seen in both communities as an important part of sustaining the community."
