Mutagen of DNA by Glyoxal

Paper Summary:

This paper discusses mutagens, which are the agents of change outside the normal spectrum of DNA mutation. The writer explains that some types of mutagen damage can be linked to cancer, and these particular mutagens are also called carcinogens, though not all mutagens are so classified. The mutagen Glyoxal, which appears much more frequently within the body than other oxygen related products, and its known causes and effects, are described in detail.

From the Paper:

"Mutagens which are called "Base Altering" are kinds which cause changes in DNA base chemicals. Many of these substances imitate the DNA strands, for example causing cytosine to mutate and resemble thymine. These imitations cause the other pair of the imitated base to be taken up, rather than the pair of the mutated gene. In the example given above, an adenine would link with the pseudo-thymine and be taken up, rather than the guanine. Such a mutation would alter the DNA strand from: ATCG to ATTA, in this instance."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Bookrags Mutagen from http://www.bookrags.com/Mutagen
• Brock, A. Kozekov, ID. Rizzo, CJ. and Harris, TM. Coupling Products of Nucleosides with the Glyoxal Adduct of Deoxyguanosine. at http://www.medscape.com.medline/abstract/15310236?prt=true.
• DHHS (NIOSH) Carcinogenicity of Acedaltehde and Malonaldehyde, and Mutagenicity of Related Low-Molecular-Weight Aldehydes DHHS publication No 92-112. Sept 1991.
• Goldman, R, and Shields, P. Food Mutagens The American Society for Nutritional Sciences March 2003.
• Kercher, C.F. An Overview and Discussion of Various DNA Mutation Rates and DNA Haplotype Mutation Rates. Do The YSTR Haplotypes in Some Y Chromosome Male Lines Mutate Faster Than in Other Male Lines 7 Jan 2005, from http://www.kerchner.com/dnamutationrates.htm.

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