Abstract This paper details the history and goals of D.A.R.E. which was created in 1983 to educate students across America about the dangers of illegal drugs. Today D.A.R.E. is present in most U.S. schools as well as 13 foreign countries and has garnered the enthusiastic support and sponsorship of educators, law enforcement agencies and the media. The writer of this paper evaluates the strategies and effectiveness of this program against other drug education programs.
Table of Contents:
Policy that Governs D.A.R.E.
Funding of D.A.R.E D.A.R.E At Different Levels
Proposal Against D.A.R.E.
Inception and Sponsorship of D.A.R.E.
Pros and Cons of D.A.R.E. Policies
Goals and Objectives and Future Intended Policies
Changes Made to the Curriculum
Recommendation
From the Paper "The billions of dollars spent on D.A.R.E. clearly cannot compete with parental involvement. D.A.R.E.'s results do not show success. In addition, they do not show progress. We are staring at an ever-growing mountain of evidence representing that D.A.R.E. simply does not work - kids in the program are just as likely to use drugs as children not in the program. Reality does not get much harsher than that. It is clearly time to cut our losses with D.A.R.E. and return to the tried-and-true approach of personal responsibility."
This is an argumentative essay discussing why the D.A.R.E. program should be kept in schools. It offers expert opinions, including my personal experience with the D.A.R.E. program.
Abstract It explains the author's personal experience with D.A.R.E., how D.A.R.E. helps teach students the dangers of drugs, helps students to deal with peer pressures, and why it is necessary to teach students at such a young age. Also deals with refutations to arguments, such as it costs too much, and it teaches the students where to get drugs.
From the Paper "It was an early Thursday morning, but for some reason, all the students in my class looked wide awake. Usually students were dragging themselves through the history lessons and cursive practice in the early mornings, but Thursdays were different. The students were all excited. They were anticipating the arrival of Officer Potnick. Officer Potnick was a huge, burly man with a deep laugh. He came in wearing his police uniform which made every student jump to attention. Also, he had a great sense of humor which helped keep the students on their toes. He taught us very important lessons about the danger of drugs."
Tags: abuse, addiction, children, criminal, elementary, issues, justice, social, students
Abstract In this article, the writer looks at the most significant manifestation of the war on drugs, that is the "Drug Abuse Resistance Education", or D.A.R.E. organization, a non-profit entity founded by Daryl Gates, the Los Angeles Police chief, in 1983. The writer discusses how this organization aims to tackle drug abuse. The writer notes that within D.A.R.E. children and youth are informed of the exact consequences of their actions, while at the same time, presented with the responsibility to consciously make a choice with the best possible consequences. In this essay, the writer discusses various reactions and effects of the D.A.R.E. program.
Table of Contents:
The Problem
Today's Drug Issue
What Works?
Both Sides of the Line
Key Players
Conflicting Side(s)
Policy Points
Confronting Changes
Bibliography
From the Paper "Drug Abuse ranks first in the 1980s survey. Today, in response to reported increases of drug use and abuse problem among the youth of the United States, the Government has declared a "war" on drugs. The most significant manifestation of this war is the "Drug Abuse Resistance Education", or D.A.R.E., organization, a non-profit entity founded by Daryl Gates, the Los Angeles Police chief, in 1983. During this time, approximately 25,000 police officers were trained to teach DARE. Forty-four other countries reportedly utilize DARE programs. DARE activities range from includes "visitation" lessons where police officers present brief lessons to students in kindergarten through fourth grade."
Abstract This paper proposes research into the D.A.R.E. program which was formulated in 1983 with a view to reduce the rate of crime and drug use in American schools. The paper calls for a need to research this program due to the conflicting results of studies done on the effectiveness of the program, as well as the high cost involved in implementing D.A.R.E. The paper also proposes research methodology which will be used in the examination.
From the Paper "The research in this area is also important because of the conflicting views circulating about DARE's effectiveness. While some declare DARE to be a completely useless program, there are still some schools, which have reported positive results. For example in the state of Ohio, a study was conducted with 3,000 11th grade students and it was found that they had all been positively influenced by the DARE program. Misleading information can cause economic as well as social problems. OHIO students and teachers were of the view that DARE program did bring positive changes in the attitude of the youth towards drug use as some of them became more careful and peer resistance also increased. But it was also found that the youth that was already using drugs did not quit because of DARE messages."
Abstract The paper discusses the mission of the Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) program that is focused on providing school children with incentives to choose against the use of drugs. The paper describes the issue in general and explores who exactly the key players are in the issue. The paper notes how the children being taught, their parents, educators, the government and the police force all play a significant role not only in the success, but also in the perpetuation of the program. The paper examines the criticism against the program in some detail and also considers the financial aspect of the D.A.R.E. effort. The paper concludes that the money spent should be applied to programs that measure in actual effectiveness rather than popularity.
Outline:
Summary
History and Overview of the Issue
The Key Players
The Conflicting Side(s)
Relevant Policy
Policy Impact
The Budgeting Issue
From the Paper "In response to the perceived increase of the drug use and abuse problem among the youth of the United States, the Government has declared a "war" on drugs. The most significant manifestation of this war is the "Drug Abuse Resistance Education", or D.A.R.E., organization. This non-profit entity was founded by Daryl Gates, the Los Angeles Police chief, in 1983. The organization focuses on school and youth programs. These programs discourage the use of drugs by means of information regarding the effects and dangers of substance abuse (City of Manhattan Beach Police, 2005)."
Abstract This paper explores the reasons why the D.A.R.E. Program should not be eliminated from the curriculum in the face of strong statistical evidence that it is not effective in preventing drug abuse. The paper demonstrates the positive contributions of the program in spite of its ambiguous results. The paper contends that in the absence of an effective proven alternative, it is best to continue with even a slightly effective method to prevent drug abuse.
From the Paper "The question is posed, in light of seemingly overwhelming evidence of its ineffectiveness, why not abolish the D.A.R.E. Program? There are several reasons as why not to abolish the program, the least of which is the statistical data that supports the supposition that the program does not reduce the incidences of drug abuse by the students that participate. However, the program is profoundly popular with parents and supporters of the schools and continues to garner near religious support for its continued inclusion in the school curriculum. Exposure to the course material is not shown to be harmful or increase the instances of drug use. Further, the cancellation a drug awareness program just might send the wrong message to the students."
Abstract This paper argues that there has been no research to substantiate the effect of the D.A.R.E. program and that empirically there has been no reduction in the use of drugs in the areas that use the popular program. The paper states that D.A.R.E.'s message to children is jumbled because it does not tell them that, at all times, they should never use drugs. The author believes that D.A.R.E. is footed on unverified learning theory; the most infamous one of which is that using drugs is an indication of low self-worth or of elevated strain.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Is D.A.R.E. Effective?
Discouraging the Responsibility, as well as the Reliability of Police
Injustice for Qualified Educators
Forfeiting Too Much of the Educational Time
Perpetuates the War
Undermining Community Education
The Theme of D.A.R.E.
Misgivings By the Parents
DARE is like Sex Education
The Consequences of the D.A.R.E. Program
Conclusion
From the Paper "D.A.R.E.'s report of drug education has shaped consequences that are comparable to contemporary sex education. There has been a prominent augment of the troubles; both of these plans were shaped to deal with. As sex education was endorsed by Planned Parenthood, as well as the socialist elite, teen pregnancy and illegitimacy exploded. As DARE augments its authority in the school system, as well as society, so did the exercise of alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs amongst minors. The results are drastically higher hallucinogen exercise amongst the DARE group and also the increase in the likelihood that drug education programs might augment student curiosity in relation to drugs and show the way to earlier and greater drug testing."
From the Paper "The DARE Program and Community Policing
Introduction
The Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) Program is described as "a validated, copyrighted comprehensive drug and violence prevention education program" for children in kindergarten through 12th grade (NIJ 1). DARE is a collaborative effort between school and law enforcement personnel, which is nationally coordinated by DARE America with input from state and local agencies and communities (NIJ 1). To date, DARE has been the largest and most widely implemented drug and violence prevention program in the world and was recognized as a key element of community-based policing efforts (NIJ 2).
The DARE curriculum is intended to prepare elementary, middle, and high school students to resist substance abuse, violence, and .."
Abstract The paper discusses how the R.E.A.D program has been shown to help motivate young readers and build the confidence that is necessary during the learning process. The paper describes this innovative method where children read stories out loud to specially trained dogs. The paper reveals that children who participate in R.E.A.D. programs improve not only their reading skills, but also show improvement in other areas such as self-esteem, social skills, other school subjects, attendance and personal hygiene.
From the Paper "The issue of literacy within teaching and education is one that must not be taken lightly. During the elementary school years, reading is among many of the skills that students must acquire, or else suffer from a lifelong disadvantage compared to other members of society. It is not speculation that if reading skills are not acquired during a child's early formative years; studies such as the one conducted by A. Castro-Caldas (et al 1998), published by the Oxford University Press, show scientifically that learning specific skills during childhood changes the functional organization of the brain. Findings included that illiterate subjects had more difficulty than literate subject with not just written language communication, but with oral language as well."
Abstract This paper discusses the various benefits or risks involved with e-stores and internet shopping. The specific case of the international chain of toy shops, Toys "R" Us, is examined. The paper outlines the steps needed to be taken to ensure success with the new marketing strategy. The paper emphasizes that the new market requires a new approach, specific to that market.
From the Paper "These benefits explain the growth of Internet retailers of toys, with this growth cutting into the profits and the market share of Toys ?R? Us. This financial effect, with Toys ?R? Us seeming to go downhill despite not changing anything or doing anything wrong themselves, is the reason they felt the need to establish themselves in the Internet market. This Internet market was clearly the way the trend was going, as indicated by the growth of retailers such as eToys.com and SmarterKids.com. Toys ?R? Us needed to establish itself in this market, since bricks and mortar retailing seemed like a dying trend. It is also worth noting that the Internet retail store is a new market and the first to establish themselves in the market have a significant advantage."
Abstract This paper provides a chapter by chapter review of D. Hendon, R. Hendon and P. Herbig's 1999 book, "Cross-Cultural Business Negotiations." The paper discusses how the authors define negotiations and provides an overview of what they refer to as the "art of negotiations." It discusses the focus of each chapter and how the authors express and explain their arguments in each chapter.
From the Paper "The authors also proclaim there are two primary forms of contract that can result from cross-cultural negotiations. These include an explicit and detailed contract that outlines every contingency contained within a contractual arrangement; a second type of contract is one that is "implicit" in nature, one that is often based on "oral arrangements" or agreements that allows parties to address problems through personal relationships and greater trust or intimacy (Hendon, Hendon & Herbig, p. 111). It is important for business people to recognize the significance a contract holds when signed; for example, from an American or Western perspective, a contract may represent a binding agreement that summarizes the collaborative negotiations achieved with a second or third party. For others a contract may symbolize an opportunity to create more intimate, personal relationships with members of other countries and cultures. Among the Chinese as noted, a contract symbolizes the start of, rather than the closing, of business negotiations with another party (Hendon, Hendon & Herbig, p. 112) Understanding these differences will lead to better success in the negotiation process."
Abstract This paper reviews the article, "Beware The Internet Panacea: How Tried And True Strategy Got Sidelined" by McGrath and Heiens. In the article the authors characterize the Internet and e-business initiatives as merely business tools that are to be deployed as any other business tool would be. The contention of this paper is that this characterization is simplistic and shortsighted.
From the Paper "In a recent article entitled, "Beware The Internet Panacea: How Tried And True Strategy Got Sidelined," (McGrath & Heiens, 2003) the authors provide some strong explication on how strategy and the internet vis-?vis e-businesses should be considered. Yet, at the outset of the article the authors make an observation that demonstrates that even their academic conception of the internet and e-business might be somewhat impaired. McGrath and Heiens make the comment that, "the numerous Internet start-ups that wound up on the scrap heap of business failures are testament to the fact that the Internet is merely a tool, not a panacea, and...sound business strategy is always a prerequisite for success" (2003, para.1). While there can be no argument that there is no substitute for sound business strategy based on traditional business imperatives, their comment characterizing the internet as merely a tool is shortsighted."
Abstract This paper examines the efficacy of Toys 'R Us marketing strategies from the perspective of the 4Ps: product, place, price and promotion.
From the Paper "The Toys 'R Us marketing mix is a composite of product, place, price and promotion, also referred to as the four P's. Each of these elements is an important factor in a company's marketing strategy..."
Abstract In this article, the writer examines the Canadian case of R v N in terms of police interrogation. The writer concludes that overzealous use of police interrogation should be controlled.
From the Paper "According to James W. Williams, in recent years the Canadian criminal justice system has been plagued with a number of high profile wrongful convictions. Particular attention has been directed towards the police and their ability to meet their responsibility to investigate crime effectively while protecting the interests, the rights and freedoms of the accused. As Williams has stated, one notable aspect of police operations that has come under increasing scrutiny in this regard is the police interrogation, a practice ... "
Abstract This document discusses the underlying principles of e-commerce and e-business. It examines such e-commerce functionalities as customer relationship management applications as a way to illustrate how effective e-commerce and e-business principles can be across all industries. Additionally, the paper utilizes three radically different businesses to illustrate how e-business and e-commerce has elevated business performance measures: Office Depot, Ford Motor Company, and Amazon.com.
From the Paper "Corporations the world over have utilized e-business or some aspect of electronic commerce (e-commerce) to either act as their sole business model or to enhance the productive performance in some way of their existing traditional business models. E-commerce might be considered as a type of business transaction where the parties to the transaction conduct their commerce electronically where electronically has come to be considered the Internet (Epstein, 2004). Yet, technically speaking e-commerce could just as well be considered to be transacted by phone, fax, or other electronic form of media. Such definitions evade the true essence of electronic commerce, which in practice has become one of those rare cases where changing needs and new technologies have come together to revolutionize the way in which business is conducted over an entirely new medium; commonly termed the Internet."
