Abstract The paper maintains that Stott's book, "The Cross of Christ," is an important book. For those Christians who want to further explore the meaning behind the Cross and behind Christ's death, it is a thought-provoking resource. The paper explains how Stott makes a very good case for the Cross being more than simply important, but rather that it is a vital part of Christianity. Without the Cross, Stott argues that Christianity as we know it would not exist. The paper is of the opinion that after reading this book, it is difficult to argue with this perspective.
From the Paper "John R. W. Stott takes the position that the Cross is essential to Christianity. He makes his convincing argument by dividing the discussion into four parts, discussing the Cross as a symbol, the need for forgiveness, the spiritual benefits that the Cross has provided to believers and finally, on the practical and earthly teachings that the Cross can offer. Stott does not have all the answers on the subject of Christ's Cross. However, the book is a thoughtful and complex study offering suggestions on the subject of the Cross upon which Christ died. The Cross is important, Stott states, because it performs more than the single function of being the method of execution favored by the Romans."
Abstract This paper explains Wal-Mart's proprietary cross-docking system as part of a global supply chain management system. The paper describes advantages of the technique of cross-docking, how this innovation supports the replenishment of Wal-Mart stores.
From the Paper "Cross-docking is a relatively new and extremely effective technique used in global supply chain management. This technique can rapidly consolidate shipments from different sources and reduce the cost of outbound transportation by eliminating the inventory-holding function of a warehouse without hampering its consolidation and shipping functions. An important adjunct to the warehouse management systems now in use in many industries, Hill Fig cross-docking eliminates several intermediate steps in the warehousing process."
Tags:cross-docking, Wal-Mart, warehouse management system, global supply chain management
Abstract This paper discusses the relaxation by the Australian authorities of cross-media and foreign ownership laws. The debate seems to balance out as to the number of the pros and cons and the weight of the arguments of each side. However, sifting through the arguments the paper shows that they meet halfway on the need to protect media against excess concentration of power and foreign influence. On these concerns, the Australian government seems to draw lessons from the media liberalization programs of other developed countries, which are allowing cross-media ownership and foreign participation up to more manageable limits and only in specific media areas where activities are calculated to pose lesser risks. The paper concludes that the problem is that, despite these safeguards, people will always look at media deregulation with suspicion and misgiving because of the sensitive nature of this industry.
From the Paper "After Lord Morley left journalism to join government service in the early stages of the development of media in UK, there is an oft-quoted remark made to him by Kennedy Jones, co-founder of the venerable Daily Mail. "You left journalism a profession. We made it a branch of commerce," Jones told Morley. The equally famous rejoinder was: "The more, the pity." One view in effect exults that media has evolved into a business proposition, where profit takes precedence over its traditionally loftier priorities. The other opinion looks with sadness at such commercialization of journalism, implying that this is inimical to public interest.
That pithy exchange from the past captures the essence of the present-day debate in Australia triggered by the government announcement of plans to deregulate media after 20 years of controls on foreign ownership and cross-media transactions. The Morley-Jones clash of views between the public service and business orientation of media deferred to old UK conditions, but the same hairsplitting still rings true today and continues to reverberate throughout the world as economic opportunities diminish and competition for scarce resources tighten up. Since almost all sectors of national economies have been served up for foreign interests in the universal drive to generate much-needed foreign investment, governments in many parts of the world, both developed and underdeveloped, are fixing their attention on the media industry as the last remaining enticement for foreign investors. As Australian Sen. Ron Walker puts it: "Media has become the last major industry begging for reform to bring it to the 21st century." By inference, the senator is batting for a new scheme that would keep Australian media in step with the times by allowing foreign investment into the arena."
Abstract This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the topic of non-profit disaster mitigation organization. Specifically, the paper analyzes the American Red Cross including the mission of the organization, its involvement in recent disasters, and funding issues. The paper also examines the Red Cross's relief and disaster efforts.
From the Paper "The American Red Cross has been in existence since the nineteenth century. Organized by nurse Clara Barton, it has grown to be one of the premier disaster mitigation organizations in the country and the world. It is a non-partisan, humanitarian organization responds to all types of local and national emergencies, from families displaced by home fires to war and terrorism victims. Its mission is to step in during any time of disaster and provide food, clothing, shelter, and assistance to any victims of that disaster."
Abstract This paper reviews Richard Fletcher's book, "The Cross and the Crescent," which presents a history of the relations between Muslims and Christians. The reviewer sees Fletcher's work as coming at an opportune times, since today the West often feels a sense of hysteria regarding anything related to Islam. The reviewer sees the "The Cross and the Crescent" as providing important information about Islamic civilization and culture, presenting the Arab world in a more comprehensive way. The reviewer also describes the Muslim view of the Christian world, and concludes by citing Fletcher's opinion that both cultures influenced each other.
From the Paper "Fletcher's book focuses on the attitude that the Muslims had regarding to the Christians and vice-versa more than to purely historical aspects. For example, he pays not so much attention to the historical events of the crusades, but to the effect they had on the Muslim population. The book provides a valuable insight to Islam and to the relations between Islam and Christianity."
Tags:Cross, and, the, Crescent, Richard, Fletcher, Christianity, Islam, West
Abstract This paper is a critical analysis of cross-cultural politeness using the Brown and Levinson's model as a basis for defining and understanding politeness and applying it to three Asian languages: Chinese; Cantonese and Japanese.
From the Paper "What is politeness? If I propose that 'politeness' be used as pragmatically terminology, the preferable definition is to be found in appropriateness. It can be also said to be universal only in the sense that every society has some sort of norms for the appropriate behavior, although these norms are vary. The primary purpose of this paper is to provide a cross-cultural context by applying a well-known Brown and Levinson's model (1978 and revised in 1987), which has been applied in various settings, from casual services, encounters to EFL classrooms. However, Brown and Levinson's model (1978) has been criticized for being too geared to Western (especially American) notions of "independence" and, hence, for its limited applicability in Asian contexts. I have attempted in the following by first giving a general and brief account for Brown and Levinson's model (1978), and then try to apply and analyze the Brown and Levinson's model (1978) in three Asian languages: Chinese; Cantonese and Japanese. "
Abstract If the purpose of social science, at large, involves the testing of possible theories and models for social improvement, it will have to contend with what at first appear to be complicating factors in increased numbers of places and situations in which cross or inter-cultural dynamics are at work.
Abstract This paper analyzes Emanuel Leutze's 1851 painting "Washington Crossing the Delaware". The artwork is examined in terms of the subject chosen and how the artist used light, color, form, mood and symbolism to recreate the historic event on canvas.
Abstract The paper presents the thesis that Tim O'Brien's "The Things They Carried" depicts Jimmy Cross' journey from boyhood to manhood and reveals a character marked by youth's naivete, unshared love, war, death and the feeling of guilt. The paper discusses the common features he shares with other soldiers regarding his young age, his lack of experience and his misinterpretation of the war. The paper also considers the differences between Jimmy Cross and the other soldiers, Martha's mark on Lieutenant Jimmy Cross and how Lieutenant Cross copes with the death of Ted Lavender.
Outline:
Abstract
Similarity to other soldiers
Differences between Jimmy Cross and the other soldiers
Martha's mark on Lieutenant Jimmy Cross Lieutenant Cross' coping with the death of Ted Lavender
From the Paper "The Things They Carried is the first of a series of short stories that depict soldiers' lives during war times. The stories are based on author Tim O'Brien's own experience with war and his own charter is sometimes included in part of the writings. The short story revolves around a platoon of soldiers fighting in Vietnam and the things they carry with them (not only the actual things but also what they carry in their mind)."
Abstract A discussion of the human sexuality of cross-dressing as it relates to psychology. The paper investigates the findings published in several books and journals concerning cross-dressing. The research also focuses on the treatments that are available for individuals that cross-dress and their families. The paper begins by defining cross-dressing and the psychological factors that can lead to the behavior.
From the Paper "Defining Cross Dressing can be a rather arduous task because it is a complex subject. One of the main topics that come to mind when addressing the subject is gender identity. (Bullough) A book entitled, Cross Dressing, Sex and Gender, explains that gender identity ?is the total perception of the individual about his or her own gender. It includes a basic personal identity as a boy or girl, man or woman, as well as personal judgments about the individual's level of conformity to the societal norms of masculinity and femininity.? (Bullough). The author goes on to explain that gender roles or the way that men and women are seen in society, can also contribute to cross dressing behavior."
Abstract This paper studies the sign of the cross, or the ritual hand motion emulating the structure of the cross. The paper examines how the sign of the cross originated and follows its development throughout history. The paper also provides descriptions of what the symbol of the cross meant to different cultures and also explains the symbolic significance of the sign of the cross in several instances such as baptism and mass.
From the Paper "An interesting contemporary sociological significance of the sign of the cross and its implications in secular culture arose at a football match in 2006. Last year a Celtic football player by the name of Artur Borac, during a game in Scotland, created an instant controversy when making gesticulations that were directed towards crowd members that were supporters of the opposition. He also blessed himself throughout the football match. The combination of his gesticulations and blessing himself was considered offensive. He was cautioned by the Crown Office. The Roman Catholic Church in Scotland issued a statement that a gesture of religious significance should not be considered offensive."
Abstract This paper begins by addressing the challenges and barriers present in cross cultural communication. The paper then goes on to describe the research conducted in Penelope Benson's article, "The US-Japan Cross-Cultural Connection", as pertaining to the differences in Japanese and American styles of government. Next, the paper describes research conducted by Michelle LeBaron in her article, "Cross Cultural Communication." The paper explains that the focal point of LeBaron's is that fate has a profound affect on cross-cultural communication. The paper lastly discusses Marcelle E. DuPraw's six fundamental patterns of cultural differences as examined in her article, "Working on Common Cross-Culture Communication Challenges."
From the Paper "In an article by Penelope Benson, the President of New York-Japan International, Benson researches a group of individuals who were interning from Japan regarding their perspective on America. These individuals, having been raised from Japan, have only read and studied about America but have never actually experienced it in person. Benson notes that there will obviously be a barrier in the communication of these people. Japan's culture differs immensely from America's culture in countless ways. During the Japanese individuals' internships, Penelope "had asked the interns to consider themselves as Ambassadors of Japan in their everyday interactions with the Americans they encountered, many of whom might never before have met a Japanese national" (Benson, P., 1997). Benson complimented the individuals by saying that they took cross-cultural responsibility into play and challenged the cultural differences by studying and working on them. Among each individual's observations, he/she concluded that, "The diversity of the US populace leads to opposing opinions at all levels of government as to what issues are critical"
Tags: japan america multiculturalism, penelope benson, marcelle dupraw, michelle lebaron
Abstract This paper discusses how, in 1881, Clara Barton proposed the establishment of the American Red Cross, based on the revolutionary model of the International Red Cross that was already operating in Europe, where the organization would not only assist military hospitals during times of war but also help during peacetime with disaster relief and health and safety education of the general public. The author points out that before World War I, the Red Cross mainly served to promote first aid, water safety and public health nursing programs in the United States; however, after the outbreak of war and the pandemic influenza outbreak, the size of the organization exploded from 107 local chapters in 1914 to 3,864 in 1918. The paper relates that the organization has evolved into an advocate of humanitarianism, even criticizing its own government although the Red Cross itself has not avoided its own scandals.
From the Paper "The Red Cross is an organization that grew out of the suffering of the wars of the nineteenth century. In 1863, Henri Dunant, a Swiss businessman, published "A Memory of Solferino", a memoir about his time in the northern Italian battlefield of Solferino. The book dealt with how war affected the lives of both the combatants and civilians. This memoir inspired the founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in 1864. This committee was lead by Jean-Henry Dunant, who would win the first Nobel Peach Prize in 1901 for founding the Red Cross. The first committee was made up of representatives from eleven countries. Their purpose was to lessen the suffering that came from war and they recommended that every country have its own committee that was endowed with enough influence to effectively cooperate in times of war with the hospital services of the battling armies."
Abstract This paper examines how cross-dressing is an important element that renders serious repercussions in Shakespeare's plays. Two plays that emphasize cross-dressing and its repercussions are "Twelfth Night" and "As You Like It". The writer points out that, while the characters of Viola and Rosalind have very different reasons to explain their cross-dressing, each circumstance, while causing complications, also works in their behalf. It explains how their ability to fool those around them generates interest and adds an element of complexity to each play, namely, that each woman is able to accomplish something she would not have been able to do as a woman. Rosalind teaches Orlando the ways of love, and Viola makes her way into Orsino's house and heart.
From the Paper "In As You Like It, Rosalind is forced to assume to role of a man as a result of fleeing the Duke's Court and seeking refuge in the forest of Arden. Her logic stems from the fact that "beauty provoketh thieves sooner than gold" (I.iii.107). She also believes that because she is "more common than tall" (I.iii.113), she could easily pass for a man. Rosalind also realizes that she must do more than dress for the occasion--she must also act the past. She declares that she will leave her fear in her heart and "have a swashing and a martial outside,/As many other mannish cowards have" (I.iii.117-8). Rosalind is forced to dress as a man but she also assumes the role with confidence and excitement."
Abstract This paper explains that the American Red Cross is one of the first organizations, which comes to mind when there is an emergency or disaster, a need for training in health and safety procedures or blood donations. The author points out that most all of the activities and processes performed by the American Red Cross are monitored and measured; leaders are responsible for documenting and reporting the sources of funding and donations. The paper relates that American Red Cross functions on different levels; chapters located throughout the United States function independently, are granted the ability to provide service in its given area and report to their regional office who in turn will report to the National Office.
Table of Contents
Formal Statements of the Organization
Work Environment
Slogans and Sayings
Role Modeling, Training and Teaching
Motivating Employees
Stories and Legends
Organizational Activities, Processes and Outcomes
Reactions to Crises and Incidents
Workflow and Organizational Structure
Selection and Replacement of Employees
Conclusion
From the Paper "The American Red Cross staff consists of both paid employees and volunteers. They pride themselves on the importance and recognition of their volunteers. For every paid employee there is a volunteer counterpart on every level of the hierarchy. When looking at candidates, several different areas are considered. The individual must be flexible with his or her time, must be able to work in teams, have a history of working with people and want to help people. Volunteers go through the interview process and evaluation process just as a paid employee does. Volunteers are also subject to the same disciplinary action and termination action if necessary."
