Abstract This paper firstly discusses the most important component that fails in a reciprocating engine, the human component. It investigates an accident of a big aircraft, Lockheed Super Constellation, in order to qualify this opinion. The paper then examines the Cessna as an example of engine problems as a cause of aircraft accidents. The author stresses that it is the pilot error that causes 95 percent of the accidents for reciprocating engine aircraft.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Analysis
Conclusion
References
From the Paper "Now let us look at the causes of accidents from an engine point of view. Both turbine engines and reciprocating engines process air in the same manner and that means that they both have intake, compression, combustion and exhaust. In the reciprocating engine one step has to follow the other and in the turbine engine all the processes proceed all at the same time and without any interruption. The other difference is that in the turbine engine there are separate components decided for the particular operation of the cycle, while in the reciprocating engine, all the functions take place in the same combustion chamber. The design of each engine gives certain benefits and advantages, and when the issue is considered from thermal efficiency, reciprocating engines are easily more efficient. They have a complex design, but the engine has had a longer period to be developed and perfected. The general view is that turbine engines have simplicity of motion and this has given a reputation for being more reliable, though it burns more fuel than a reciprocating engine."
From the Paper "Gucci Group: An Analysis Within The Context of The Constellation of Advantages
Introduction
An in-depth analysis of the Gucci Group N. V., a leading producer and marketer of luxury consumer goods on a global basis is presented in this research. The constellation of advantages model provides the context within which this analysis is conducted.
Executive Summary
The analysis of the Gucci Group within the context of the constellation of advantages model dealt with each element of the constellation separately. Within each element of the constellation of advantages model, each dimension was dealt with separately."
From the Paper "Goodyear Tire and Rubber: An Analysis Within The Context of The Constellation Of Advantages
Introduction
This research develops an in-depth analysis of the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., the world's largest rubber manufacturer. This analysis is performed within the context of the constellation of advantages framework.
Executive Summary
The analysis of the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. within the framework of the constellation of advantages dealt with each element of the constellation separately. Within each element of the constellation of advantages framework, each dimension was dealt with separately.
The constellation of advantages for the firm is a composite ..."
This paper provides a general overview on the data collected on twins regarding the question of personality development being influenced by nature or nurture. Includes the author's opinion and analysis at the end.
Abstract Explores the idea of using twins to determine whether personality development is acquired through environment or genes. The paper also covers the topics of IQ, behavior, disorders, diseases, life events and genetic constellations in twins. It includes some twin study results, as well as criticism of twin studies and evidence for twin studies. The paper concludes with the author's opinions and application of findings to education.
From the Paper 'Personality development in children and adults is one of life's greatest mysteries. Do we develop our personalities in accordance with the environment we grow up in and the events that are imposed upon us daily? Or do our genes and DNA determine whether we become popular and outgoing or introverted and rejected? This controversy of nature vs. nurture in the science of human psychology has raged on for centuries and probably will continue for years to come. A strong preference for one or the other has led the human population to measures of absurdity such as the eugenics (selective breeding) movement that was part of the purpose of the Holocaust. One of the reasons behind the difficultly in solving the nature vs. nurture problem is the near impossibility to scientifically test any theory that attempts to answer the question. This is where twins come in. They are the perfect specimens"two persons with the same DNA. Clones. Theoretically, if they grow up to have the same personalities, that means personality is inherited. If they don"t, that means personality is acquired through environment. Unfortunately, it isn?t as simple as that. There are many other factors to consider, such as the environments they were raised in, together or separately."
Discusses how Conduct Disorder (CD) in children is influenced by deficits in empathy and "mentalizing" ("Theory of Mind") in their immediate environment.
Abstract Conduct Disorder involves a constellation of behaviors including violation of the basic rights of others, aggression toward people and animals, damage to property, lying and stealing, and/or serious violation of rules. Children with conduct disorder have been shown to have significant problems in social interaction. The present paper provides a general overview of conduct disorder, while focusing on possible factors in social and emotional development that have been shown to contribute to it. Specifically, this paper suggests that deficiencies in empathy and "Theory of Mind" are significantly associated with the development of this disorder, but not causes of it.
From the Paper "A similar and related concept of empathy is "theory of mind" or "mentalizing". Happe and Frith (1996) define theory of mind as "the ability of normal individuals to attribute mental states to themselves and others in order to explain and predict behavior" (p. 386). Several researchers (e.g., Frith, Morton, & Leslie, 1991) have attempted to distinguish theory of mind from empathy by claiming that mentalizing is an implicit and unconscious rather than a conscious phenomenon."
Abstract This paper explains that given the magnitude of the issue, it is essential that clinics, schools, juvenile detention centers and medical clinics have screening instruments at hand that quickly and accurately evaluate potential or present abuse or dependency conditions in the populations they serve. The paper defines the criteria that make a screening instrument for AAOD use valuable. The author lists the most up-to-date instruments available, gives a brief description of the applicability of each and reviews the critical literature that evaluates their respective reliability and validity.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Adolescent Alcohol and Other Drug (AAOD) Problem: An Overview The History of AAOD
Consequences of AAOD
Constellation of Symptoms Making Up AAOD
Co-Occurring Psychiatric Illnesses
AAOD Etiology
AAOD Epidemiological Research
Screening for AAOD Use: Its Relevance to the Problem
Other Risk Factors in AAOD Use
Use of DSM Criteria in Identification of AAOD Use
Factors to be Considered in Self-Reported Data
Critical Review of Selected Instruments
Summary/Discussion
Appendix One: Chart
From the Paper "The majority of AAOD screening instruments rely on the subject to self-report the history and extent of his or her substance use, primarily for lack of any other method of attaining the information. Some instruments, particularly those that are designed primarily for younger children, also require the input of a parent or guardian; however, the degree of validity of the adult's perceptions has been widely regarded by clinicians as somewhat low. A study which tracked a cohort of young children for twenty-five years through to adulthood, measuring the relationship of alcohol use to school dropout incidence, found that the child's first-grade teacher typically had a clearer view of potential behavioral problems than did the parent."
Abstract This paper attempts to analyse the interaction between E.U. and Ukraine since its independence in 1992. The material is collected through review of literature, policy papers as well as personal interviews with policy makers and scholars in Ukraine and Europe. It argues that, given the constellation of factors, the sluggishness of cooperation process between the E.U. and Ukraine was partially justified by the realities of Kuchma regime and the E.U.'s agenda at that time. It also looks at how the election of Victor Yuschenko in December 2004 signifies a new era in mutual relations, which requires much more intensive cooperation on both sides.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Common Norms, Values, Political and Socioeconomic Standards
The History of Interaction
Recent Developments
In Lieu of Conclusion
From the Paper "Border's existence is rarely unchallenged. By the end of 1990s there appeared new lines of division on the continent between an almost united Europe and the rest. After the EU enlargement in May 2004 Europe's political boundaries still do not coincide with its geographic ones and Ukraine is very active in regaining its rightful place in Europe. According to Avery, 'the term "Europe" has not been officially defined. It combines geographical, historical and cultural elements, all of them constitutive of the European identity. The common experience of proximity, values and historical interaction cannot be gathered in a simple formula and should be revised by each new generation. Therefore, the Commission estimates that establishing the frontiers of the European Union, whose limits will be redefined in the next years, is neither possible nor opportune' (Avery, 1992: 11). Said in 1992, these arguments are still valid today."
This paper discusses the educational models of Nel Noddings as presented in her book "Caring: A Feminine Approach to Ethics and Moral Education" and the theories of Aristotle presented in his "Ethics".
Abstract This paper explains that Nel Noddings sees education, which she defines as "a constellation of encounters, both planned and unplanned, that promote growth through the acquisition of knowledge, skills, understanding and appreciation", as central to the cultivation of caring in society. The author points out that Aristotle suggests it is human nature to start with what is already known, which is not far from Noddings' theory that much of learning and knowledge stems from the home environment of the student. The paper concludes that examples of inner-city experiences in the Los Angeles Unified School District provide support for the argument that both models coexist and can be applied in the modern classroom.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Noddings and Aristotle: A Hypothetical Conversation
Noddings' Argument
Aristotle's Argument
Inner-City School Experience
Conclusion
From the Paper "Receptive attention is an essential characteristic of a caring encounter. The carer is open to what the cared-for is saying and might be experiencing and is able to reflect upon it. However, there is also something else here - motivational displacement. In other words, the carer's motive energy flows towards the cared-for. The carer thus responds to the cared-for in ways that are, hopefully, helpful. For this to be called 'caring', a further step is required. There must also be some recognition on the part of the cared-for that an act of caring has occurred. Caring involves connection between the carer and the cared-for and a degree of reciprocity; that is to say that both gain from the encounter in different ways and both give."
Abstract This paper describes the main components of Adlerian therapy. The paper describes the key concepts of Adlerian therapy, the goals of Adlerian therapy, its applications and its contributions. The paper also describes the role of the Adlerian therapists, techniques of Adlerian therapy, its strengths and its limitations.
Table of Contents
Adlerian Therapy - Individual Psychology
Adlerian Therapy Integrated with Existential Approach
Adlerian Therapy for Patients with Terminal Illness
Therapist's Role
Therapeutic Relationship
Adlerian Therapy Techniques
Strengths of Adlerian Therapy
Limitations of Adlerian Therapy
From the Paper "Humans are motivated by social interest, by striving toward goals, and by dealing with the tasks of life. Emphasis is on the individual positive capacities to live in society cooperatively. People have the capacity to interpret, influence, and create events. Each person at an early age creates a unique style of life, which tends to remain relatively constant throughout life."
Abstract In this article, the writer analyzes the same-sex marriage debate that illustrates religious and legal aspects of the debate. The writer puts forward an argument that it is unconstitutional to prohibit same-sex couples the same rights as heterosexual couples.
From the Paper "The American Colonies rebelled and fought a war against England primarily because of taxation without representation. The newly formed United States of America ratified the U.S. Constitution guaranteeing its rights to all Americans. Despite these momentous events in U.S. history in contemporary society, gay couples are denied equal rights with heterosexual couples. The controversy over gay marriage involves in part legal and religious issues. Despite many opponents of gay marriage claiming that marriage is defined as the union of a man and a ... "
Tags: religion, homosexuality, same-sex couples, marriage, family constellation, U.S. Constitution, taxation, sodomy, rights, courts
Abstract This paper provides a discussion of how structural family therapy works with a schizophrenic family member. The Bowen theory is presented along with a discussion as to how the therapy works. Definitions are given with respect to the terms of schizophrenia, therapy and structural therapy. The family constellation is also discussed.
From the Paper "On entering the twenty first century today's modern family is beset by events and conditions that were the storylines of authors such as Orwell and Hersey. Today's family today is besieged by mega technology, ever increasing healthcare costs, unprecedented scientific advancement, continual cost of living increases, global conflict, and a broadening of cultural diversity. The pressures brought to bear on the family are healthy in some ways and damaging in others. With so much more pressure confronting the American family the rapid rise of psychopathology is not uncommon and must be addressed. The remainder of this report will focus one particular psychological disorder with respect to its relationship with the modern American family, namely schizophrenia. The report will also address the aforementioned psychopathology with respect to structural family therapy and how it is interrelated with the disorder."
This paper is a research proposal to study job satisfaction of workers in drug and alcohol rehabilitation centers as related to organizational leadership.
Abstract This paper explains that the proposed research will focus on the identification of three leadership traits and will correlate job satisfaction to these leadership qualities in drug and alcohol rehabilitation centers. The author relates that the methodology will be surveys of two sample populations of (1) 75-100 workers and (2) top and middle managers in residential substance abuse treatment centers in the local area. The paper stress that the objective of the study is to find a way to improve working conditions, reduce on the job stress, and increase job effectiveness of residential substance abuse workers.
Table of Contents:
Background of the Problem
Significance of the Problem
Literature Review
Summary
Research Questions and Hypotheses
Research Design and Methodology
Study Population
Survey Instrument
Data Analysis
Limitations
Conclusion
From the Paper "A majority of the studies on job satisfaction involved nurses of various ranks and settings. Although these studies do not address the intended sample population directly, they still tell us many factors that consistently affect job satisfaction. Elements, such as leadership styles and qualities were found to affect health care workers in many settings. Problems associated with staff shortages and attrition is not limited to substance abuse workers. These problems were found to represent a pandemic that has struck the health care industry on a global basis."
Abstract The paper states that video gaming addiction has been recognized as a new form of addiction requiring treatment, as today's video games are extremely graphic and realistic. The paper discusses the fact that youth who escape into the world of video gaming, spending excessive time in this particular pursuit are at a high risk of developing video gaming addiction, which in turn is linked to violence among youth. The paper concludes that future research should concentrate on identification of individual characteristics that, when combined with excessive time spent video gaming, is likely to lead to the individual developing an addiction to video gaming.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Summary & Recommendations for Future Research
From the Paper "The work of Taylor (2006) entitled: "Video Game Addiction A Treatable Mental Condition" states that according to Maressa Orzack, McLean Hospital Computer Addiction Study Center Director and an assistant clinical psychology professor at Harvard University states that: "Computer addiction is an activity in which the person spends too much time, risking everything from relationships to finances." (2006) A separate report entitled: "Game Away the Day" states that researchers states that the Society for Neurosciences has stated indications that the individual who spends an excessive amount of time video gaming has "the same physiological responses that trigger a smoker's craving" and that this research was established through use of electroencephalography (EEG) measurement of brain activity in those addicted to video gaming."
Abstract The paper states that patients with metabolic syndrome have a constellation of conditions that include obesity and disorders of adipose deposition, insulin resistance and independent factors of hepatic, vascular and immunologic origin as well as the influence of aging and hormones. The paper discusses a case study of a woman with metabolic syndrome who wishes to become pregnant. The paper explains the suitability of the drug metformin and her need for weight loss.
From the Paper "In the United States, metabolic syndrome will soon become a more significant risk factor for heart disease than cigarette smoking. Elements of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are associated with glucose intolerance and eventual progression to Type 2 diabetes. Associated elements include hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, polycystic ovary syndrome, hypercoagulability states and vascular inflammation. The cardiovascular system is the primary body system involved in metabolic syndrome. Patients with metabolic syndrome have a constellation of conditions which are defined below."
Abstract This paper discusses how one of the most highly-researched and developing theory of the present day as to the makeup of the universe is the string theory; a theory that attempts to link together the four fundamental forces that rule the interactions of matter - in turn, possibly creating a better explanation of what our universe consists of. The paper attempts to create a better understanding about the string theory along with other proven facts about astronomy (such as stars, black holes, or certain forces in order to have a clearer understanding of what our universe is really made of.
From the Paper "The Andromeda constellation is of special interest, as it contains the Andromeda Galaxy which is the spiral galaxy nearest to earth, approximately 2.5 million light years away, and it can even be seen with the naked eye ("Andromeda Galaxy," 2008). Though previous estimates of Andromeda's size ranged from 70,000 to 120,000 light years across, recent viewing with a Keck telescope now gives a new estimate of 200,000 light years in diameter which is twice the size of the Milky Way ("Andromeda Galaxy," 2008). The Andromeda Galaxy contains a few hundred billion stars and many of them are similar in properties to our galaxy, the Milky Way, as well as hundreds of clusters (Hodge, 2008). Between the stars and clusters is gas; where the gas is dense enough it condenses into new stars, otherwise the gas is mainly weak and is mostly atomic hydrogen (Hodge, 2008). There are also areas of dust both between stars and throughout the disk of the galaxy (Hodge, 2008). "
