Abstract This paper examines how the main argument of Igoe's "Conservation and Globalization A Study of National Parks and Indigenous Communities from East Africa to South Dakota" has, as its title suggests, two main parts. It looks at how on the one hand the author examines the conservation movement and its impact upon indigenous peoples. However, the author is also interested in the processes by which conservation is spread through globalization and through colonialism in earlier years by the shaping of our perspectives on the world in which we live.
This paper addresses the "land ethic" put forth in Aldo Leopold's "A Sand County Almanac" in which he suggests that human beings will never be able to reconcile conservation efforts with their desire to maintain a contact with the natural world.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, 2002, $ 35.95
Abstract This paper addresses the "land ethic" put forth in Aldo Leopold's "A Sand County Almanac" in which he suggests that human beings will never be able to reconcile conservation efforts with their desire to maintain a contact with the natural world. In turn, this destroys the natural world.
Tags: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND ECOLOGY / ETHICS, conservation effort leopold
Abstract This paper shows that an important concept in children's development of cognitive skills is the concept of conservation of properties. As was pointed out by Jean Piaget, a very significant feature of pre-operational thought is that it tends to center attention on one noticeable or striking feature of an object, while ignoring or neglecting other aspects, resulting in a distortion of the reasoning process.
From the Paper "An important concept in children's development of cognitive skills is the concept of conservation of properties. As was pointed out by Jean Piaget, a very significant feature of pre-operational thought is that it tends to center attention on one noticeable or striking feature of an object, while ignoring or neglecting other aspects, resulting in a distortion of the reasoning process. An older person is able to decenter, i.e. to take into account aspects of the object that compensate for the biasing effects of the one thing that is more prominent (Flavell, 1963). This has been clearly demonstrated in the so-called conservation studies (Lovell & Ogilvie, 1960; Rao, 1976; Ayers et al., 1974)."
Abstract The decades of the 1960s and 1970s were turbulent years in North American society. The rise of the counter culture feminism and of various historically marginalized interest groups changed the dynamic of political and social debate in a way that remains with us yet. This paper explores the reasons why a conservative reaction to the liberalism of the aforementioned two decades sprang up in the 1980s and in the 1990s, especially in the United States.
Abstract The paper examines the Conservative philosophy and explores the extent to which the British Conservative party have been committed to tradition and continuity. The paper discusses how the Conservative party represents the forces of tradition, continuity and status quo and has been the party of choice for voters who abhor left-leaning liberals and state interference in private business. The paper relates, however, that at the same time, the Conservative party has not been averse to subtle changes in its ideology over the years as it has adopted several key liberal doctrines such as 'progressivism' and 'individualism' at various stages in its history.
Outline:
Origins of the Conservative Ideology and the British Conservatives The Extent of Commitment to Tradition and Continuity by the British Conservatives Conclusion
From the Paper "Conservatism , as the term implies, refers generally to a political philosophy or a frame of mind that favors tradition, continuity and the status quo. However, Conservatism does not have a single uniform doctrine or thesis, and a Conservative party in one country may follow policies or have objectives that are vastly different from those of another country. For example, the Conservative movement in the United States has historically emphasized the principles of economic individualism and social Darwinism, which is closer to the concept of liberalism than the Burkean Conservative doctrine followed in the UK. In Britain, too, Conservatism has not remained a static doctrine but has incorporated aspects of progressivism and individualism, which were previously part of classical liberalism."
Abstract This paper illuminates the consistency of the war on progressive, liberal, and leftist causes and its impact on the application of public administration, including conservatives' dismantling of the politics-administration dichotomy and the progressive ideals of the New Public Administration. It argues that conservatives have won the battle of reality shaping and imposed their ideology as the dominant narrative in America. Counter-narratives face a daunting task in shifting the paradigm. It also discusses how today, the extremes within this movement barely feel the need to operate within the constraints of the Constitution.
Outline:
Purpose
No One Left
Understanding the Right
American Right Wing Timeline
The Demonization of Liberalism and the Living Liberals Who Espouse It
The Right-Wing Propaganda Machine
What Is Liberalism?
The Triumphs of Liberalism
Labor Movement
The Red Scare
Conservative Rhetoric and Bad Policies
The Right Race
Affirmative Action and the Conservative Realignment
Public Administration Theory and Practice - The Right Way
Final Thoughts
From the Paper "The conservative ideological victory is nearly complete. After one hundred and fifty years of aggression toward liberal and progressive American causes, the conservative elites can almost claim victory, having thwarted efforts to establish an honest dialectic on wealth, class-based opportunity, and the confounding questions surrounding race. Today, the conservatives of America can launch illegal wars, record unprecedented deficits, restructure the tax code to favor the wealthiest Americans, and subvert even our most basic civil rights and liberties."
Tags: Liberal, Segregation, right-wing, conspiracy, bush
Abstract This paper explores the ideas and aims of President Ronald Reagan. It discusses the concept of him as the originator of the compassionate conservative movement. The paper then aims to demonstrate that while Reagan's ideas were appealing to the general population of the United States, they did not have inherent validity when contrasted against the methods that Reagan and his Administration used to administer reforms under compassionate conservatives. It suggests that, in fact, adherence to Reagan's ideas of compassion penalized the average American citizen. The paper provides the writer's opinion on the issue.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Idea of the Compassionate Conservative The Execution of Compassionate Conservative Policies
Analysis of the Ideas of Compassionate Conservatism
Conclusion
From the Paper "Reagan's party platform of Compassionate Conservatism was founded on ideas with significant appeal for the average American. It is easy to believe that exploitation occurs: every time I pay my taxes, I regret that I have no real control over how my taxpayers spend the money I have worked so hard to earn. The message of a politician who would work in my best interests to eliminate wasteful spending and to keep my money out of the hands who have done nothing to earn it is undeniably appealing. There is nothing inherently wrong with the idea of a Compassionate Conservative. The problem is in the execution: Reagan's policies sounded phenomenal but did little beyond endorsing strategies to improve the quality of life of the upper class and businesses, while penalizing persons who needed assistance. In my opinion, this does not demonstrate compassion. This demonstrates a keen eye for salesmanship."
Abstract This paper takes a look at the Jewellery Quarter, the oldest manufacturing community of Birmingham, UK and reviews the possible steps available to preserve the historical value and unique quality of this historical district without causing harm to the area.
Contents
Introduction
Review and Discussion
British Heritage Conservation Principles
Birmingham History and Background
The Birmingham Jewellery Quarter
Birmingham Jewellery Quarter Today
Current Conservation Initiatives
Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper "British Heritage Conservation Principles. Heritage conservation in the United Kingdom is certainly not new, and many of the major organisations and systems currently in place have been working to preserve historic sites for many years; for example, the National Trust was established in 1895 with the goal of acquisition and preservation, on the nation's behalf and in perpetuity, of places of scenic beauty (Allmendinger & Thomas, 1998). In the mid-20th century, the Trust starting acquiring country houses and estates as tax regimes changed to the disadvantage of traditionally wealthy landed gentry; while some families remained in residence, the goal was to encourage public access to these historic sites, and today, the Trust is the largest private landowner in the UK (Allmendinger & Thomas, 1998). According to Larkham (1996), the heritage conservation concept was heavily influenced by legal decisions in the early 1960s; in this regard, the impetus for these principles, like much conservationist legislation in the UK, was a Private Member's Bill. Allmendinger and Thomas note that, "These areas were defined as 'areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance': a definition which remains unchanged today. Designation was a simple process largely carried out by the local planning authority (LPA). It is a popular process, with nearly 10,000 areas designated across the UK by 1996" (p. 56). Today, heritage conservation has become increasingly applied to the marketing of products and, particularly relevant for the purposes of this investigation, whether individual sites or monuments, or entire "tourist-historic cities" (Ashworth and Tunbridge, 1990). "
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that the growth and development of the marine industry has been sustained by the rise and application of newer technologies, innovative business ideas and incentives given by the government. The writer then points out that with the turn of the twentieth century, one witnessed marine resources being widely explored and exploited for profit making. This exploration and exploitation has been enabled mainly by improved and enhanced technological innovations, which included fully developed and customized boats, fishing, digging and navigational equipment. This mushroom growth has left behind the institutions that are responsible for regulating marine laws. The writer discusses that Governments have been unable to maintain their regulatory measures with the pace of growth assumed by the private sector. The writer concludes that one of the most successful endeavors for the promoting of marine preservation and marine life protection has been the Greenpeace project that has been pressuring international and national governments to make and implement laws that protect the underwater environment, the animals and the future of the under water life. There is still a long way to go and sincere steps have to be taken to ensure comprehensive marine conservation
Outline:
Introduction
Background to the Problem
Marine Conservations Organizations
The First Law: The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act
The Second Law: The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA)
The Third Law: Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act - Ocean Dumping
Conclusion
From the Paper " Organizations engaged in political campaigning to pressurize Congress to pass laws and enforce them countrywide use public awareness and attention to rally support for their cause. The more public support they acquire, the higher the propensity of politicians jumping in the marine conservation campaign. Coast Alliance is one organization that can be considered as an ideal example for organizations that are currently active in political campaigning and gathering local support. It currently has coalition partners (other non-profit organizations) across America, all of whom are striving for maximum results. Similarly, Earthjustice is another organization that has been proactive engaged in the enforcement of existing laws representing hundreds of other marine conservation organizations. In addition, Marine Conservation Biology Institute aims to rally the scientific community on one platform in order to facilitate scientific research and set agendas for policy issues and pass on accurate information to both government and public."
Abstract The paper discusses how ecologists are concerned about the conservation of biodiversity, for the future inheritance of the earth and its beauty and for poverty and hunger alleviation. The paper looks at several studies that show that conservation parks in tropical countries make a substantial difference in preserving biological diversity. The paper maintains that it is vitally important to preserve as much biodiversity as possible, and to do so particularly in countries where biodiversity is richest. The paper concludes that conservation managers need to put practices in place to target potential investors for the future preservation of the earth and its resources.
From the Paper "Biodiversity and conservation have been difficult issues in the ecological field. This is not least so because of issues such as increasingly rapid species extinction and also the increasing human population and influence upon the natural environment. Nonetheless, ecologists are concerned about the conservation of biodiversity, as such conservation holds advantages not only for the future inheritance of the earth and its beauty, but also on a more practical and economic level. This is so because the diversity of species on earth have consequences for the often fragile ecosystems we as human beings share."
Abstract This paper presents a detailed discussion about implementing conservation policies. The writer takes the reader on an exploratory journey of conservation policies and uses the case between General Electric and the EPA regarding the clean up of the Hudson River.
From the Paper "Over the last few decades mankind has begun to realize that the earth's resources are not an unlimited supply. The industrial revolution combined with the increasing population have caused the natural resources to become strained in certain areas. Scientists and others have been sending out warnings for years that mankind had to make changes to the way things are being done or future generations are going to be faced with huge survival problems."
Tags: new, york, state, epa, ge, general, electric, environment, earth, resources, industry, waste, pollution, nature
Abstract This paper explores major philosophical dilemmas within the African-American political community. One vital issue discussed is the black community's rejection of a political conservative ideology. The paper focuses in particular on the Black Conservative's rejection of the Affirmative Action system.
From the Paper "The creation of "visible and aggressive" black conservatives began with the perspectives of Thomas Sowell. Sowell's book "Race and Economics" changed the ideology of many black elitists concerning the condition of black people. This book by Sowell had a very strong influence on many black scholars as well. An article titled "Unmasking the Black Conservatives" by Princeton University African American History professor Dr. Cornell West writes, ? Yet the bid for conservative hegemony in black political and intellectual leadership that was initiated by Sowell's book represents a new development in the post civil rights era? (West 1). Many blacks today believe the black conservative's philosophy is something new within our society, but that belief is quite contrary."
Abstract This essay uses the classical conservative text of Edmund Burke, "Reflections on the Revolution in France", and Joseph Conrad's "The Secret Agent" to give a clear perspective on the development of modern conservative views on reformations within a political system and revolutions whose aim is the overthrow of a regime.
From the Paper "Both revolution and reform lead to a change in existing political circumstances for a given country, and both come about as a result of the emergence of a new politico-ideological culture. The difference between them, therefore, should be sought in the organizational methods used to produce change. This essay draws on Conrad's "The Secret Agent" to explain the ideological establishment of revolutionary thought, and compares it to Burke's "Reflections on the Revolution in France" to make clear why conservatives would prefer a reformation of current political structures to a revolution."
Abstract This paper discusses and analyzes the economic and political influences that made possible the implementation of conservation of historic buildings in contemporary society. This paper posits that rapid urbanization and need for economic gain and concern for environmentalism are the economic and political factors, respectively, that helped promote heritage conservation become implemented among historic buildings.
From the Paper "The prevalence of the practice of heritage conservation has been instigated with cultural concerns that arise from a developed human society, along with its gradual movement toward becoming a more technologically-advanced civilization. Primarily, heritage conservation, specifically of historical sites and buildings, was introduced as part of organizations' attempts to preserve humanity's cultural heritage. That is, the argument put forth in introducing heritage conservation is culture-based."
Abstract This paper explains that the actual process of genetic conservation utilizes sophisticated technology and a method of "banking" animal sperm, eggs and embryos by means of keeping them on ice until they can be reintroduced to a species, a process that can be used not only for a species facing extinction but also for a species that has already become extinct. The paper relates that conservationists still struggle with the task of prioritizing and allocating effort; nonetheless, it appears that genetic conservation fulfills the standards of scientific credibility.
From the Paper "Proponents of genetic conservation to save endangered species argue that this method of wildlife breeding is not genetic engineering, because they are not putting in genes that were not there before. The arguments for this are that genetic conservation does not create a new species based on a combination of genes, but merely preserves an existing species. They also argue that encouraging genetic diversity helps a species survive, and that in-breeding, which can weaken a species, does not occur. Supporters of genetic conservation hold the view that technology and committed people is what will ultimately save animals."
