From the Paper "BILL GATES, A MODERN-DAY HENRI FAYOL?
If there can be called a "founder" of management theory, most academicians would vote for Henri Fayol, a Frenchman who laid down precepts for how organizations should work. Fayol saw the manager as the productivity key, and he suggested 14 principles that managers should follow. Bill Gates, who is the founder of Microsoft Corporation can be said to closely emulate the tenets put out by Fayol.
As Fayol saw it, organizing is the first step in turning a plan into a reality. Organizing has the goal of maximizing the results of the product life cycles, and businesses use several systems for achieving this. Primary models are: decentralization (in which there is a flattening or elimination of organization charts and putting decision-making responsibility ..."
Abstract Examines background, methodology and accuracy of remote (satellite) sensing and identifying of land cover for ecological and commercial purposes. Includes table and illustrations.
From the Paper "Methodologies Used in Identifying Land Cover Types
Abstract
This paper reviews background, methodology, and accuracy, regarding remote sensing and identifying land cover types. Rational is discussed regarding the use of remote sensing apparatus, multi spectral imaging, supervised and unsupervised techniques. The origins of GIS are discussed. Key methods, (supervised and unsupervised), are defined. Comparisons between digital and visual classifications are made. Spectral mixture analysis and supervised classification geometric correction are discussed. The superiority of visual classification is stated."
From the Paper "Introduction
The image of the dedicated drafting professional working over a large drawing board with a mechanical pencil, straight edge and various sizes of plastic triangles is quickly fading from the American workplace. Today's drafters are likely to be sitting in a well-lit office in front of a computer terminal using not a pencil, but a computer mouse to construct a drawing. With a click of the mouse, drawings can be shown in three dimensions, rotated, animated, and viewed from many different angles. Through such modeling, designers and engineers are able to spot problems which could not be readily seen in two dimensions. Although computer aided drafting (CAD) has many advantageous over manual drafting, there are still some environments in which manual drafting continues to be used. This research examines manual..."
From the Paper "The strategy that would have been recommended to Sculley in 1983 would have included a policy of maintaining and operating system that was not compatible with the PC-DOS operating system. There was no particular advantage to Apple Computer in embracing compatibility with the IBM PC operating system. A second element of the strategy that would have been recommended to Sculley in 1983, however, would have been a policy that dropped Apple Computer's proprietary stance towards its technology. This change in strategy would have opened the Apple Computer product line to close developers, an action that would have led to more competitive pricing for Apple system computers and to greater software selection. Each of these outcomes would ultimately have proved to be highly beneficial to Apple Computer. While it is true that clone manufacturer's would have made a dent in the hardware market share of Apple Computer, the growth in the overall Apple system share of the market would have strengthened the position of Apple Computer as an operating system developer and marketer and as a technological innovator."
From the Paper "Online auctions are becoming a new and popular means of electronic commerce in the computer age. While there are advantages to both selling and buying in the online auction format, there are also certain pitfalls to be noted, from uncertainty about what you may be buying to problems with sites that crash or otherwise encounter problems from time to time.
The typical sales method for such sites is to have the site display items with a description, minimum bid, and final date for all bids. If a user accesses the site and wishes to bid, he or she sends e mail to the seller, or submits an electronic bid form declaring the price he or she is willing to pay. The bidder will soon receive a reply from the seller confirming the bid. A few sites hold live auctions where bidders compete in real time with other people on the Internet and at the actual auction house as..."
From the Paper "Application of the Concept of Informatics to Patient-Specific Data by Health Care Delivery Organizations: Exploring the Issue From the Perspective of Privacy
Introduction
This research explores the application of the concept of Informatics to patient-specific data by health care delivery organizations. The focus of this exploration is the issue of patient privacy.
The Issue
No information about a person is more sensitive, and no information has a greater stigmatizing potential than does the information stored in personal health records. The application of the concept of Informatics to the construction, maintenance, and distribution of personal health records, therefore, raised..."
Abstract The paper shows that Apple Computer has had a roller coaster existence since its founding in 1977. Its PC market lead shot down in the early 1980's by IBM, Apple has had an on-again-off-again profile ever since. The paper discusses the many predictions to Apple's end for over a decade. However, although, Apple has never been able to regain its lead foothold on the market, some feel it is far from folding. The paper looks at Apple's financial situation, its intentions for its many profitless stores and its future marketing strategies.
From the Paper "In July 2002, Apple reported a slide in quarterly earnings and revenue. This was a blow to the recovery it began a year ago. Earnings "fell to $32 million or 9 cents per share in its fiscal third quarter from $61 million or 17 cents per diluted share a year earlier and $40 million or 11 cents per share in the March quarter" (Apple pg). Apple's sales were $1.43 billion after $1.48 billion from the previous year, and $1.5 billion in the March quarter, "which Apple originally had expected to improve on by $100 million""
Abstract This paper is a case study of Qwest, an international company and long distance service provider in the field of communications. It provides a brief history of the company from its inception in 1995, describes the technology that it holds and discusses implications of its activities which are being investigated by the Securities and Exchange Commission and U.S. Attorney's Office. It concludes by looking at what the future may hold for Qwest.
From the Paper "Qwest employs 57,000 employees and is responsible for a customer base of 30 million people, using 190,000 miles of wire. Their 2001 profits were in the 18 billion dollar range. This year, they report a 26 billion dollar deficit due to "irregular" and "improper" accounting practices.
In 1999 Qwest took over US West in Denver, helping to revitalize the long distance market. ?In stepped Phil Anschutz, whose fledgling Denver telecom, Qwest, made a hostile takeover bid for U S West. Coloradans were overjoyed. If Anschutz and then-CEO Joe Nacchio succeeded, Colorado money and Colorado jobs would stay in Colorado.? (Reuteman)"
Abstract This paper discusses how Cisco has shifted its strategy and has cultivated its internal strengths that it leveraged in order to reclaim its market dominance. The paper outlines four core components that are the pillar of Cisco's strength - organization, finance, marketing and operations. Each component is examined in the paper.
From the Paper "Cisco Systems, the self-proclaimed ?worldwide leader in networking for the Internet,? has dominated similar firms in its industry. As Wall-Streets? beloved stock and an essential stock in any investor's portfolio, with over 35,566 employees worldwide and boasting revenues totaling 22.2 billion in the previous fiscal year the company aims to ensure that networks both public and private operate with maximum performance, security, and flexibility. As a result the competition is left scrambling to keep up. Like many other market leaders, Cisco Systems too, has become a victim of the current economic state that once propelled the company into the limelight. "
Abstract This paper discusses the ethical issues, challenges, and dilemmas that have arisen due to technological advances of law enforcement on personal privacy. It debates both pros and cons of privacy in relation to technology. The paper describes the economic and political implications on the individual rights and society as a whole.
From the Paper "Big Brother is definitely here. Just the other day the news reported that the average American is photographed nine to twelve times per day. Cameras are everywhere. People are photographed while they are driving to and from work, while they are parking their cars, entering their place of employment, and if the company is any size other than a mom and pop shop, they are watched at work. Whether one is making a deposit at the bank, buying groceries at the local grocery chain, gas at the 7-11 store, or browsing books at the library, they are being not only watched, but photographed. From the smallest market to the largest mall, every store and parking lot is equipped with security video cameras. Run a red light or speed down the highway, and one is apt to receive a ticket by mail via the electronic eye that photographed the car, license number and occupants. There is literally no place that is sacred from prying eyes, save the sanctuary of one's own home, and even that is questionable. If one is a computer user, his or her Web surfing habits and emails may be randomly monitored. The truth is that what the local video cameras do not pick up, satellites orbiting the globe from space will."
Tags: police, cameras, big, brother, economic, political
Abstract This paper takes a look at the many different forms and methods of advertising available on the internet. These include "pop-up advertising" where an additional window opens when one enters a specific site; and "spyware" which is free, downloadable software that advertisers use to track users surfing habits, generating pop-up advertisements based on the type of websites a user visits. The paper also examines the different ways that users may combat agressive advertising tactics.
From the Paper "According to the internet research firm Cyvelliance, more than twenty-five percent of top Web destinations now use some form of in-your-face marketing tactics (Spring 25). Fueling this ad explosion is an estimated 9.6 billion dollars that Gartner G2 research firm estimates will be spent on internet advertising in the year 2002 (Spring 25). Corporate America is financing some of these intrusive ad campaigns, often without realizing it. Even reputable companies such as Citibank, Ford, and Sears have all paid commissions to aggressive Web marketers (Keizer). In the quest to generate more revenue and traffic to their website, many advertisers are using sleazy new tactics such as pop up advertisements, mouse-over downloads, or spy ware, leaving many web patrons feeling irate and helpless."
Tags: computers, cookies, mouseover, pop, spyware, stealthware, web
Abstract This paper examines the causes, effects and possible solutions to Internet Addiction Disorder. This disorder has the capability to have a devastating effect on a personal, physical, and financial level for those who suffer from it. The paper shows how personal and work goals, as well as relationships are replaced by a virtual world, which often damages the addicted person's financial resources, relationships and has potentially physically harmful effects.
From the Paper "Do you know someone that stays on-line longer than they intend? Or maybe you know someone that lies about the amount of time they have spent on-line? If that person meets at least four other such criteria out of a given seven, they may be suffering from what has come to be known as "Internet Addiction Disorder" (IAD). Some experts maintain that this is a valid psychophysiological disorder which involves tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, affective disturbances, and interruption of social relationships, as is characteristic of all addictive disorders. Still others criticize this whole "disorder" as merely hype; one can overdo anything, they argue."
Abstract This paper examines the contemporary issue of "artificial intelligence" by looking at potent arguments provided by leading philosophers of the mind and body question. It explains the personal position and philosophy of the author concerning the question of artificial intelligence and whether, in the end, men and machines are more alike or are in fact different living machines running on a kind of evolutionarily-advanced software or indeed something much more than that.
From the Paper "This contemporary issue, the question of humans and beings and machines, has a tendency to pull at me from both sides in the debate. On the one hand, I want to believe that humans are wholly physical beings and a kind of living machine. I see the work of writers like Hugh Elliot and Christopher Evans, who make me feel better by giving me special status as a physical being due to the complexity of the trillions of interconnected neurons that make up my brain, and it all seems so logical. I add my own scientific, concrete mind and non-religious background, and the comparison of man and machine seems clear. On the other hand, these philosophers are really just guessing when they explain how our mind and consciousness work, for the real problem is that despite scientific progress we still do not understand enough about ourselves."
Organizational application of computer technologies in the decision making process. Discusses input-output, storage, control, processing, computer languages, integrated circuitry, pipelining, decision support, systems management, etc.
5,625 words (approx. 22.5 pages), 29 sources, 1990, $ 135.95
From the Paper "Information systems and information systems management, like the rest of the industrial world, have made the transition into the computer age. The constantly changing business world is starting to demand more from management executives than ever before. The explosion of computer and communications technology, the growing of the global business community, and the need to keep up with these and many more factors are demanding that management executives react quickly and effectively to changing business conditions. To adapt to this need for immediate knowledge of a given situation, many large corporations have begun to appoint chief information officers (CIO) to update and integrate their existing systems into a more modern totally integrated information system (LaPlante, 1990). The information system, then, is an integration of all computer systems in a ..."
A look at the Constitutional and ethical issues limiting access and protecting patients. Includes background, legal case studies, the role of computers, AIDS issues and ownership of records.
4,500 words (approx. 18 pages), 9 sources, 1991, $ 135.95
From the Paper "This paper will address the problems of confidentiality and privacy which may arise in the maintenance of medical records. The paper will be particularly concerned with the ways in which this issue applies to the United States Constitution. In the doctor-patient relationship, there is clearly a need for the careful maintenance of records which may contain information of a personal and sensitive nature. At the same time, the doctor has an ethical obligation to protect the privacy of the patient by not disclosing such information to unauthorized third parties. In this regard, H. L. Hirsh (1990) has noted that the role of health care practitioner includes the "sacred, moral, ethical, and professional duty of confidentiality" (p. 377). In recent years, it has become clear that this responsibility extends beyond simple moral obligation on the part of the doctor. In..."
