This paper argues that years of racial tyranny in American history are never going to be justly rectified, but affirmative action has proved to be an appropriate start.
Abstract This paper explains that some people believe that that affirmative action gives preferential treatment to blacks first, then, in descending order, to women, Native Americans, Hispanics, handicapped, Asians and finally to white males and prevents hard working Americans from being rewarded with promotions because of affirmative action based agendas. The author points out that affirmative action is compensatory justice because blacks and minorities have been mistreated and harmed severely by whites and affirmative action has done more for society than it has done to hurt it. The paper concludes, that the contention that affirmative action is reverse discrimination will be argued for years because of its Catch 22 type of solution: "If minorities and women were mistreated in the past for a morally irrelevant characteristic, then to give them preferential treatment for the same morally irrelevant characteristic is equally indefensible."
Table of Contents
Definition
Introduction
Thesis
Arguments
Opposition 1
Opposition 2
Support 1
Support 2
Conclusion
From the Paper "Over a hundred years ago, American white men owned and profited from black slaves, terrorized and took land from Native American Indians and enjoyed social status over women. As a result of affirmative action, minorities and women now have equality on many levels, benefiting from equal rights, better income opportunities and improved social status as a whole. In its tumultuous 40-year history, affirmative action has been both praised and supported as an answer to racial inequality. The policy was introduced by President Johnson as a method of redressing discrimination that had persisted in spite of civil rights laws and constitutional guarantees."
Abstract This paper examines the condition of fetal hypoxia, the lack of oxygen to the fetus which can result in stillbirths or fetal depression and how the fetus has built-in compensatory mechanisms to protect it from transient hypoxia. It looks at how experiments in animals have shown that the compensatory mechanisms at play during fetal hypoxia are redistribution of blood flow favoring vital organs, including the heart, brain, adrenal glands and the placenta; a decrease in total oxygen consumption and the dependence of some vascular beds on anaerobic metabolism. It looks at how these compensatory can allow the fetus to survive for moderately long periods of hypoxia (up to 30 minutes) without any decompensation to the vital organs, especially the heart and brain.
From the Paper "Due to the obvious difficulty of looking at fetal hypoxia in humans, animal models have been employed, but it is believed that they are applicable to the human condition. Experiments in animals have shown that the compensatory mechanisms at play during fetal hypoxia are: redistribution of blood flow favoring vital organs, including the heart, brain, adrenal glands, and the placenta; a decrease in total oxygen consumption; and the dependence of some vascular beds on anaerobic metabolism (Parer, 1997, p. 37). A study by Newman, Peebles, Harding, Springett and Hanson (2000) confirmed that the fetal blood supply redistribution in response to hypoxia functions to protect the vital organs."
Abstract This paper examines Orem's self-care model, a professional nursing practice model. The paper explains that, according to this model, the patient's self-care deficits are the result of environmental situations. The paper evaluates the three systems that exist within this professional nursing practice model: the compensatory system, in which the nurse provides total care; the partially compensatory system, in which the nurse and patient share responsibility for care; and the educative-development system, in which the client has primary responsibility for personal health, with nurse acting as a consultant.
From the Paper "Orem's self-care model of modern nursing was first developed to address the basic care needs of individuals who were unable to perform the basic functions of self care as they were accustomed to, such as soldiers returning from wartime. However, this nursing model continues to be highly useful to nursing practitioners today. This is especially true given the increasing dependence of elderly patients upon family support systems for basic care, as well as the need for families to deal with individuals in a state of crisis within the family structure. The essential features of the model are addressing the self-care needs of the patient by the nurse through assessment and facilitation. The model deals with the responsibilities of the nurse practitioner to the patient in assessing the patient's ability to care for him or herself on a daily basis, how this care can be improved, and providing essential aid to individuals who cannot perform basic functions of self-care."
Abstract This study investigates the decision process of consumers purchasing property in Spain. The paper focuses on the underlying reasons for purchasing a property in Spain, the methods used by the purchaser to gather information and the overall satisfaction with the purchase process. The paper links a report about current theories on consumer purchasing behaviour to the purchase of property abroad.
The investigation reveals a clear link between the level of satisfaction of the purchase process and the level of information and advice sought. The paper includes flow charts, tables, and graphs. It also appends the questionnaire used in the research and data analysis pages.
Outline:
Abstract
Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Appendices
Acknowledgements
1. Introduction
1.1 Aspects and Foundation of the Research
1.2 Aim of the Research
1.3 Objectives of the Research
1.4 Hypothesis
2. Literature Review
2.1 Consumer Behaviour
2.2 The Consumer Decision Process
2.3 Problem Recognition
2.4 Information Search
2.4.1 Do Consumers Always Search Rationally?
2.4.2 Determinants of Information Search
2.4.3 Type of search
2.4.4 Evaluation of Alternatives
2.5 The Decision
2.5.1 Affect Referral Rules
2.5.2 Non Compensatory Decision Rules
2.5.3The Lexicographic Rule
2.5.4 Compensatory Decision Rules
2.5.5 Modified Rules for Research
3. Methodology
3.1 Methodology in Similar Research
3.2 Research Approach
3.3 Research Strategy
3.4 Method
3.4.1 Channels of Distribution
3.4.2 Ethics
3.4.3 Data Collection and Analysis
3.4.4 CHI-Square Test
3.4.5 Elements of Bias
3.4.6 Sampling
3.4.7 Pilot Study
3.4.8 Research Constraints
3.4.9 Response Rate
3.4.10 Variables
3.5 Null Hypothesis
4. Results
4.1 CHI Square Test
4.2 Data Interpretation
4.3 Summary of Key Findings
5. Discussion
5.1 Pre Purchase Process
5.1.1 Information Search
5.2 Purchase Process
5.3 Post Purchase Process
5.3.1 Consumer Behaviour Models
5.4 Consumer Profile
6. Conclusion
7. Recommendations and Further Research
8. References
9. Appendices
10. Glossary
From the Paper "Nicosia proposed a model that concentrated on the buying decision for a new product (illustrated in figure 2). The first stage of the model concentrated on the marketers' attempts to communicate with the consumer and the consumer's predisposition to act in a certain way. The scope of this research did not allow for the exploration of marketers' communication methods. However, the second stage of the model involved the consumer in a search evaluation process, which is influenced by attitudes. This follows a similar process to the Andreason model but it allowed the consumer to evaluate the process."
Abstract An examination of how the workplace has changed throughout the years due to the economic and social developments. This paper looks at how the changes of the workplace in terms of work satisfaction have become a huge issue for many employees. In trying to find that balance of appreciation and motivation, many employers are beginning to see that implementing programs that can help the employee with their personal lives are very critical to the well being of the employee. This paper examines these methods which are proving to be an effective tool to both increase productively and create a more worker friendly atmosphere.
From the Paper "Many American workers are currently struggling to find a way to balance the needs of their personal lives while also raising their children, caring for elderly parents, running a household and fulfilling their professional obligations. Employees are making demands for an improved balance between their professional and personal needs. They are now more willing to forgo perks, salary and job security in return for more spare time for family, friends and personal needs. They are rebelling against the corporate culture that invades their personal time, by requiring them to work long hours and weekends just to help their companies? profit margin grow. Companies are recognizing that in order to retain their employees they needs to offer them a company culture that embodies strong work life principles into their structure. Ingredients that are used to build an effective work structure that embraces that principle include; flextime, child and elder care assistance, telecommuting and other perks that help employees in their personal lives."
Tags: child, compensatory, elder, environment, flextime, life, motivation, productivity, telecommuting, time, work
From the Paper "Clinical nursing practice should be guided by nursing theory. Patient care situations need to be viewed within the context of theoretical frameworks. There are different ways of evaluating such frameworks. For example, historicists typically base hypotheses on important past events. In contrast, the theoretical sciences are mainly interested in finding and testing universal laws. Dorothea Orem's general theory of nursing defines the need for nursing care. In contrast, Gerald Caplan's theory of crisis intervention describes a rationale for dealing with certain psychiatric patients. Together, these two theories may help define the interaction between nurses and their..."
Abstract This paper examines the steps taken to transform an agreement into a contract. A contract's essential, natural and accidental elements are described, and the issues which are necessary for a valid contract, and for a contract to be legally binding, are outlined. The paper presents an overview of the necessary provisions written contracts must have. The stages a contract goes through are illustrated. Limitations of contracts are provided, and compensatory damages for a breach of contract are discussed.
From the Paper "A contract exists when two parties agree to exchange property, money or service. It is an agreement to do or not to do something. An agreement is, therefore, the most important prerequisite of a contract, whereby the parties assent mutually to the terms of the agreement or understanding. It is a promise made by the parties to each other (Legal Information Institute). Contracts, at times, are used interchangeably with covenant and stipulation, but not every agreement is a contract: only agreements, which are legally enforceable are considered contracts."
Abstract This paper presents an extensive study of affirmative action programs. It begins with a definition and explanation of the objectives of affirmative action policies and then goes on to look at the many societal areas the policies impact. The paper also looks at the primary focus of affirmative action policies, some of the arguments supporting and opposing affirmative action, and rulings on affirmative action programs that will affect their implementation in the future.
A Historical Perspective of Affirmative Action
Worldview
Roles in Affirmative Action
Education
Ethnic View
An Economic Perspective
A Sociological Perspective
From the Paper "The American government justifies affirmative-action programs as ?the principal of compensatory justice (Giraldo, p. 45)?. Basically, this means that just compensation must be awarded to an injured party if an injustice has occurred. Affirmative action requires employees to hire members of groups that were wronged in the past in an effort to undo or compensate for historical injustices."
Abstract This paper examines how compensatory education schemes were introduced in the 1960s in an effort to reduce the perceived disadvantages of children from deprived social backgrounds. It analyses why these schemes were introduced and how effective they were. It shows how in this context, cultural deprivation really refers to working-class children whose home backgrounds are thought to be inferior compared to their middle-class peers.
From the Paper "In America this idea of compensatory education began under what was known as "Operation Head Start". Educational psychologists believed that if the compensatory education schemes were to be of any real benefit, they would have to be enforced on children of pre-school years. They thought that by the time a child reached "school" age primary integration had already begun, so therefore, for the schemes to be successful they usually involved pre-school educational compensation. More resources were consequently put into pre-school educational facilities for the poor. This scheme spread over the country aiming to provide a "planned enrichment" policy in the schools of America, by laying good foundations for effective learning in the educational system the young children were about to properly begin."
Abstract This paper reviews labour laws in the United Kingdom and Canada in relation to wrongful dismissal and unfair dismissal. It assesses relevant cases to compare and contrast the situation in the two countries. It also discusses remedies available.
From the Paper "This research compares and contrasts remedies for wrongful and unfair dismissal that are available to employees in the United Kingdom ..."
A case study Michael F. Braun, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine, INC. and Omega Group, Ltd., a legal suit where the plaintiffs sued for the wrongful death of their parent.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, 2006, $ 26.95
Abstract This paper summarizes and discusses the key facts in a legal suit filed in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Alabama where the plaintiffs brought suit against the defendants for the wrongful death of their parent. The paper examines the decision of the the U.S. District Court, which sided in favor of the plaintiffs, Michael F. Braun and Ian Braun, and against the defendants, Soldier of Fortune Magazine, Inc. and Omega Group, Ltd., and awarded the plaintiffs $2 million, $375 thousand and $10 million in compensatory and punitive damages.
Abstract This paper explains that a company's success begins in the recruitment process during which the screening and vetting procedures shape and convey the company's demands to aspiring candidates. Therefore, it is essential for an organization to construct an explicit and standardized mode by which skills, qualifications and personal attributes are illuminated and used in the decision-making process leading to employment. The author discusses a dual interview and supplementary self-evaluation process to be used to fill a new position of print media editor. The paper relates that projecting a socially conscious corporate behavior might help to draw in the type of editorial candidate capable of further refining the organization's commitment to its core ethical values.
From the Paper "Among the elements of its reputation which are crucial to effective recruitment will also be the company's ability to portray itself as being fair and properly compensatory to all personnel. By assuring that the qualified editorial candidate will be well-compensated with a clearly structured role and a suitable range of pay and benefits, the organization can significantly improve the likelihood that candidates applying for the positions will be those of high qualification. Indeed, those print coordinators or editors of truly valuable capability and experience will also prize themselves as economically and principally valuable to the firm."
Tags: research compatibility web, ethical orientation, compensatory
