U.S. and Japanese Management

Paper Summary:

This paper discusses how the Japanese management philosophy has changed drastically in recent years due to a declining economy and rapidly changing technological advances. It looks at how ideals such as lifetime employment and seniority based pay systems have all but disappeared in Japan. It demonstrates how the new management philosophies are modeled somewhat after U.S. human resource principles such as pay based on performance. It also examines how the U.S. in turn, has also re-structured some of it's management practices to reflect Japanese ideals of total quality management and efficiency.

Outline
Introduction
State of the Economy
Lifetime Employment in Japan
Seniority Based Promotions
Union Memberships
Japan vs. U.S.
Quality Control
Productivity and Efficiency
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"Many theorists have claimed that the changes occurring in the Japanese management system are making the management more Western in nature, more reminiscent of U.S. styles of management. In some respects this idea is true. Human resource policies in Japan encouraging performance based pay structure are very similar to ideals adopted by many U.S. business entities (Ornatowski, 106). The major changes occurring in Japan are related more to seniority based pay and wages, as well as consensus management decision making than lifelong employment philosophies. It is true that thousands of "lifelong" employees have been displaced due to harsh economic times. It is important to remember however, that not all employees in Japan are lifelong employees, and only key or "core" employees."

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