Pain Management

Paper Summary:

This paper presents a detailed examination of pain management, using medications and alternative methods. The writer explores two cases through interviews and compares and contrasts the patient's feelings about pain, the ability to manage it and the methods that they used to manage the pain. The writer compares their different cultural background and argues that often attitudes towards pain are directly related to cultural exposure.

Table of Contents:
Doris (White Middle-Aged Female)
Sara (Black Young Adult Female)
Similarities and Differences
Possible Reasons For The Differences In The Interviewees
Assessment Tools
Concerns About Opiates
Alternatives
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"In the search for alternatives to opiates in the management of chronic pain, studies have discovered that the regular use of NSAID's were as effective as opiates in the management of pain (Ebell, 2004).
Non pharmacological methods for the control of pain may be useful in the quest to reduce opiate use as well. Some of these methods include hypnosis, exercise monitored by a physical therapist and music therapies for relaxation and focusing away from the pain. These methods have been proven to work in many cases though cultural bias and beliefs may need to be considered when determining which method to prescribe for the patient."

Sample of Sources Used:

• A prescription for pain: opiate dependency on the rise. Los Angeles Business Journal; 10/14/2002; Waismann, Clare
• Cultural differences in pain management. Radiologic Technology; 3/1/1997; Giger, Joyce Newman
• NSAIDs vs. opiates for pain in acute renal colic.(Cochrane Briefs) American Family Physician; 11/1/2004; Ebell, Mark H.
• Understand and control your patients' pain: a guide to how pain medication works and how to choose the best therapy for your patients.(OPTOMETRIC STUDY CENTER) Review of Optometry; 6/15/2003; Bozich, Sandra
• Accreditation Manual for Hospitals. Oakbrook Terrace, Ill: Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations; 1996.

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