Leadership Styles in the 21st Century

Paper Summary:

This paper discusses three different leadership styles - transformational leadership, transactional leadership and servant leadership. It looks at each leadership style individually and discusses its characteristics. The paper then examines the way that each style impacts the relationship between leaders and followers and implicitly the company in its own particular way. Finally, the paper compares the different styles within tables.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Transformational Leadership
Transactional Leadership
Transformational Leadership
Transactional Leadership
Servant Leadership
Transformational Leadership vs. Transactional Leadership
Transformational Leadership vs. Servant Leadership
Transactional Leadership vs. Servant Leadership
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"Many authors have suggested that the transformational leadership has come as a completion of the transactional one and after a deeper analysis it can be seen that the transformational and servant ones are very similar. The three leadership types are not mutually excluding each other. In fact, a good leader is assumed to display characteristics from all these types. He/she needs to focus both on people and organizational goals because people are not his/her only "clients". Shareholders and customers enter in this category as well, which makes organizational goals important. A good leader should know what is the right mix of rewards and when to use the reward system and when not, because the excessive use of rewards inhibits the follower's loyalty and increases the probability for it to leave the organization. Also, it should know what the right attention that needs to be paid to its own development is, so that this one doesn't become detrimental to other people's development."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Avolio, B. J. (1999). Full leadership development: Building the vital forces in organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
• Avolio, B. J., Waldman, D., & Yammarino, F. J. (1991). Leading in the 1990's: The four I's of transformational leadership. Journal of European Industrial Training, vol. 15(4): pp. 9-16.
• Barbuto, J. E., Jr., & Wheeler, D. W. (2006). Scale development and construct clarification of servant leadership. Group & Organization Management, vol. 31(3): pp. 1- 27.
• Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York: Free Press.
• Bass, B.M. & Avolio, B.J. (eds.) (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

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