Insured/Under-insured

Paper Summary:

This paper attempts to address the question as to how U.S. should respond to the ongoing growth of uninsured and under-insured persons within the overall population. An overview is provided of the current health insurance system existing within the U.S., followed by a discussion of the factors that influence and are associated with the current system. It also examines the health insurance systems of other countries, which have been found to have better health outcomes than the U.S. It concludes with recommendations for the adoption of a universal health insurance system within the U.S.

Outline
Overview of the U.S. Health Insurance System
Factors Influencing Health Insurance in the U.S.
An Alternative U.S. Health Care System
Japan
Sweden
Canada
Summary and Conclusions

From the Paper:

"As a component of the social insurance system in Sweden, health insurance and health care are financed via compulsory employers' contributions and individual social security contributions deducted from incomes (Swedish Institute, 2001). As further explained by the Swedish Institute, the 18 county councils that administer social insurance programs finance the costs of medical care directly from an income tax levied on all those living in the county who are in paid employment. According to the Swedish Institute, approximately 80 percent of tax revenues go to running the health care system and to subsidizing patient fees. Patients assume a proportion of the health costs when consulting a health care service, ranging from approximately 8 to 38 dollars. While all of Sweden's residents are entitled to compensation for medical care, those individuals who have earned at least $750 annually through gainful employment are entitled to cash benefits for loss of income while ill."

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