Gender Differences in Business Management

Paper Summary:

This paper reviews journal literature dating from 2005 and later, noting that there is almost complete agreement that there are differences between men and women' management styles. The writer notes that the literature finds that women are regarded as bringing a more open and cooperative style to business leadership, which can enhance business operations. Thus the most successful businesses are those which integrate women and their skills into operations. The writer points out that professional literature on gender differences shows that disputes between men and women appear to be fading from the scene. While this is certainly not entirely the case, there is a comparative lack of serious, peer-reviewed articles dealing with gender conflicts in business. The writer maintains that this is partly a result of the many statutes that have been adopted in the United States and most western nations making discrimination illegal and giving civic remedies to those victimized by this discrimination.

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From the Paper:

"A good deal of new research has been done in recent years concerning women and sales, because sales is perceived as an area in which people can advance rapidly. A good deal of the research in the sales setting has focused on gender based differences in approaches. Females, for example, tend to believe that other sales-people they encounter have a considerable degree of expertise, attributing to them a much higher degree of competence than their male colleagues do. Further, women overall place higher values on cooperative efforts and the fostering of harmonious relations. They also, as noted, tend to tend to use an integrated approach to information tasks. These traits, taken as a whole, allow women to perceive conflict between buyers and sellers as functional rather than dysfunctional. They tended to view these conflicts as exchanges of information, whereas men tended to view them as affective conflict, in which values were genuinely at stake."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Anderson, Neil, Lievens, Filip, Dam, Karen van, & Born, Marise. (2006). "A Construct-Driven Investigation of Gender Differences in a Leadership-Role Assessment Center." Journal of Applied Psychology. 91(3): 555-66.
• Belonax, Joseph, Newell, Stephen, and Plank, Richard. "Gender Differences in Buyer Perceptions of Source Credibility and Conflict in Business-to-Business Relationships." Marketing Management Journal. 16(2): 116-124.
• Bouckenooghe, Dave, Buelens, Marc, Fontaine, Johnny, & Vanderheyden, Karlien. (2005). "The Prediction of Stress by Values and Value Conflict." Journal of Psychology. 139(4): 369-82.
• Cutler, Mary M., & Jackson, Anita. (2002). "A 'Glass Ceiling' or Work/Family Conflicts?" Journal of Business and Economic Studies 8(2): 73.
• Elliot, Kevin, & Hall, Mark. (2005). "Assessing Consumers' Propensity to Embrace Self-Service Technologies: Are there Gender Differences?" Marketing Management Journal. 15(2): 98-107.

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