Adult Education Learning Methods

Paper Summary:

This paper analyzes six learning models used in adult education - the Reflective Judgment by King and Kitchener, the Epistemological Reflection by Magolda, Brockett and Hiemstra's Self Direction model, Garrison's Self Directed Learning, Grow's Staged Self Directed Learning, and Knowles' Self Directed Adult Model. The author describes each model and also discusses the similarities and differences each model have with one another in regard to the cognitive and learning processes of adults.

From the Paper:

"In all these different models, one thing is for certain. Heavy emphasis is placed on independent learning and being responsible for one's own learning. With teachers acting as facilitators and guides, it is expected that an adult learner can flourish in any setting. It seems that of all the researchers that have played a role in understanding adult learning processes, Knowles has played a major role in helping us understand it best, but Magolda's is the one that is most similar to everyone else's thoughts on adult learning."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Brockett, R. G. and R. Hiemstra . Self-Direction in Adult Learning. Perspectives on theory, research and practice, London: Routledge, 1991.
• Dover, Kimeiko Hotta. "Dr. Malcolm S. Knowles." 15 Nov. 2006 <http://adulted.about.com /cs/adultlearningthe/a/knowles.htm>.
• "Epistemological Reflection Model." 15 Nov. 2006 <http://www.indiana.edu/~l506/ theoryframe/reflecttable.htm>.
• "Grow's Self Directed Learning." 15 Nov. 2006 <http://faculty.coloradomtn.edu/orl/self- directed_learning.htm>.
• "Malcolm S. Knowles on informal adult education." 15 Nov. 2006 <http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-knowl.htm>.

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