Abstract This research paper begins with an introduction to cooperative learning strategy. The author then chose three articles that show how research over the years examine the way cooperative learning in bilingual classrooms benefits limited English proficient students and what activities teachers can integrate in classrooms in order to meet the needs of diverse language learners. The summary of the articles is followed by a discussion, specific examples of the implications for classroom practice, and ways that one can apply theory to practice.
From the Paper "It is a challenge today for educators to meet the needs of culturally and linguistically diverse students. Yet, cooperative learning instructional strategy is found to be one of the most effective ways to promote successful academic achievement, language acquisition, and social development for English language learners. When classroom activities are meaningful, interesting, and relevant, learning is occurring at every level. In successfully organized groups, language minority students will gain proficiency in English, and their native language."
A look at the 1940s fiasco of the Hollywood Ten, in which ten prominent figures in the film business were blacklisted for supposed anti-American views.
Abstract This paper examines how the late 1940s proved to be an interesting time in American history. It looks at how a new threat arose against the U.S. government as American communists began spying for the Soviet Union. In particular, it explores how J. Edgar Hoover and the Federal Bureau of Investigation began to look into the mass media to find supposed Communist views, focusing on the film industry, and how, in 1947, the House Un-American Activities Committee under the leadership of a certain J. Parnell Thomas, held a hearing in which ten of Hollywood's premier film makers, actors, and producers were found to hold anti-American Communist views in their works. These Hollywood members became known as "The Hollywood Ten".
From the Paper "In order to single out supposed Communist members in Hollywood, the FBI devised certain set of criteria to determine if films contained anti-American views. Films were labeled subversive if ?Values or institutions judged to be particularly American are smeared or represented as evil in the movie, either explicitly or through casual references to current political events,? or if ?Values or institutions judged to be particularly anti-American or pro-Communist are glorified in the movie, either explicitly or through casual references to current political events (Noakes 5).? According to John Noakes, an assistant professor of sociology at Franklin and Marshall College, ?In four reports submitted between August 7 and November 17, 1947, the Los Angeles field office sent FBI headquarters reviews of seventeen movies released between 1943-1948 that it determined were subversive based on the MPAPAI criteria. "
Abstract Many experts believe that minority groups are often portrayed in a negative light or not portrayed in the media at all. This paper explores the topic of racial bias in the media as it pertains to the portrayal of minorities in the news and in television programs. The paper examines the great strides that have been made to create positive images of various ethnic groups.
From the Paper "An article published in the Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media asserts that the negative portrayal of minorities often means that they are viewed as being guilty until they are proven innocent. The article discusses the findings of a study that examined the extent to which pretrial media coverage biased jurors against defendants. The study found that there was a disproportionate amount of news coverage that occurred when the defendant in a crime was Black or Hispanic, than if the defendant was white."
This paper discusses the similarities in the lives of journalist William Randolph Hearst and filmmaker Orson Welles, known for his masterpiece, "Citizen Kane".
Abstract This paper explains that Welles's controversial film, "Citizen Kane", cast a negative light on the way Hearst operated his newspaper franchises, creating a struggle in which Hearst tried and succeeded in blocking the film from the public for many years. The author points out that William Randolph Hearst is commonly known as the originator of "yellow journalism", a type of news that distorts facts or makes them up to catch people's attention. The paper relates that Orson Welles also broke into prominence and became very well-known, just like Hearst. He was seen by many people to be a 'boy genius', and his dramatic skills as a public persona who could publicize himself were a lot like Hearst?s.
From the Paper "Hearst acquired his fortunes by ruthlessly competing with other newspapers until they folded under his pressure. No tactic was too low for him: if a newspaper had a popular comic-strip, he would steal the artist. He even stole being recognized by the term ?yellow journalism,? which was originally used to describe one of Hearst's competitors,
Joseph Pulitzer. "Though the term was originally coined to describe the journalistic practices of Joseph Pulitzer, William Randolph Hearst proved himself worthy of the title". Hearst and Pulitzer competed mercilessly: "in 1895, William Hearst purchased the New York Morning Journal and entered into a head-to-head circulation war with this former mentor, Joseph Pulitzer, owner of the New York World"."
Tags: yellow, controversial, newspapers, genius, persona
This paper, including a plan, the speech, and slide content, is a presentation to show the CEO and his team why supporting the presenter's idea for an accelerated distance learning program.
Abstract This discusses an accelerated distance learning program, a unique idea, which combines two established ideas, accelerated learning skills and distance learning. The author points out that this combination provides a strategy for students to earn their degree in less time, for less money, without having to attend classes on campus. This paper concludes that distance learning is becoming more and more popular because its methodology is drastically improving.
Table of Contents
Presentation Plans
Outline of Presentation
Introduction
Explanation of Accelerated Learning Skills
Distance Learning: A Widely Accepted Program
The Facts about Accelerated Distance Learning Degrees
Cost Effectiveness
Evaluating Instruction
Conclusion
From the Paper "There are varieties of procedures that can be used to inform the activities of those involved in providing and supporting instruction. In distance education, the separation between teachers and students usually involves instruction or learning experiences being mediated through written or recorded materials. These 'published' materials often remain in the same form for several (or many) cohorts of learners, although some modifications and amendments can be made. In turn, this separation entails the absence of direct verbal and non-verbal feedback from students that is crucial in all teaching. The evaluation of any distance education teaching materials or course of instruction may serve to provide information that can be used during the process of developing or preparing materials or learning experiences, known as formative evaluation procedures (Slide 6), or information about how well the 'finished' instruction has worked in normal use, known as summative evaluation procedures (Slide 7)."
Abstract This paper compares traditional media to new media in an attempt to determine which one is more influential and how they differ in their stories and presentation methods.
From the Paper "Media is always biased, less trained, unprepared, and hasty or simply looking for sensationalism and that is the reason why the news that we receive is either insignificant or highly distorted. Apart from the reporting of various events during the recent Iraq War, which I trust were never reported accurately, the media also tried to divert public's attention from pressing issues to those of minor significance by obsessing over trivial events. That media cannot be fully trusted for accurate account of events became a big issue when the story of Private Jessica Lynch came forth. Newspapers, televisions, local channels, radio stations and even the Internet obsessed over Jessica Lynch and her rescue from Iraqi forces. Almost overnight, she became the most important person in the world- an icon that everyone wanted to know more about. Lynch was presented as an epitome of courage and bravery and it appeared as if the only real purpose of having US force in Iraq was to rescue Jessica Lynch. ?In the fourteen days after her rescue, Lynch drew 919 references in major papers, according to a Nexis search. In that same period, General Tommy Franks, who ran the war, got 639 references, Vice President Dick Cheney 549, Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz 389. She stood with the giants.? (Christopher Hanson, 2003)"
Abstract The paper analyzes the gender roles in television programs, the influence on women's role in a society, and the marketing techniques adopted in establishing television as an entertainment medium in the 1950s.
From the Paper "Television programs, ever since the advent of the visual device, has been a major societal influence regimenting feelings, believes and behaviors of the audience in unfathomable magnitudes. During the early years, television programs apparently defined and presented the ideal notion of gender roles in a society, seeking to influence the real life families, particularly women, in fashioning themselves. However, essentially driven by marketing interests, the programs were in fact adopting such themes that would click with the viewers, establishing television as a necessary entertainment media in each home."
Abstract Workplace communication, like any communication, is basic to the interaction and subsequent performance of the participants. This paper looks at what causes conflict in workplace communication and how employees experience this stress.
From the Paper "Workplace communication is different from social communication due to the contrived hierarchy one finds in the workplace. One communicates in the workplace with employees who are in subordinate positions as well as with those who occupy equal or superior positions within the company. Each type of communication requires different levels of formality. Like any form of communication, workplace communication has differing styles. Styles of communication, coupled with the workplace hierarchy, create interesting and stressful results. Finally, workplace diversity leads to communication problems and stress. As the workplace becomes more diversified, methods of communication must become more precise. Let us first approach this subject from the subordinate employees? point of view."
Abstract This paper begins with an overview of what the relationship between a nurse and a patient entails and then discusses the manner in which nurses communicate with critically ill and sedated patients. The paper describes the challenges nurses face in communicating effectively with their patients and the families of their patients and explains how effective communication skills can help a nurse ease the anxiety of both the critically ill or sedated patient and the patient's family.
From the Paper "Nurses must also communicate in a manner that is caring and responsible. Riley (2000) explains that responsible communication means that nurses are held accountable for what they say to patients and their families. Nurses must be truthful with patients and ensure that the message that is conveyed is medically sound and accurate (Riley 2000). In addition, nurses must show care and sensitivity to their patients."
Tags: stressors, death, sensitive, needs, care, compassion, pleasant, helpful, helping, health
This paper analyzes, based on communications theory, Tim O?Brien's "The Things They Carried", a collection of stories about the author's time in the Army during the Vietnam War.
Abstract This paper uses the Army platoon, as exemplified in the novel, "The Things They Carried", to examine the interactions, roles, conflicts, and the leadership among that characters that make the group a success. The author points out that the most widely accepted theory of group leadership is the Transformational Leadership Theory, which states that people can choose to become leaders and can learn leadership skills; in the book, Jimmy Cross is the "implied leader". The paper relates that Army officers use the autocratic leadership style because of the high-stress, crisis nature of the military, where decisions must be made quickly; but, in the case of characters, Sanders and Cross, group members may resent an authoritarian leader and refuse to abide by his word.
From the Paper "Narrator, Tim, tells stories to bring the dead back to life. With a story, a man can feel like his dead friend is with him or like he had not just killed a real person. The stories change - names, dates, and even events transform - but the memories are kept alive by the storyteller. The stories in this book tell of Tim's young and unprepared platoon, which is run by a very unskilled First Lieutenant, Jimmy Cross, who only desires to be back at home in New Jersey, without all the responsibilities of war. The men of this platoon change drastically, due to the unrelenting stresses placed upon them by the realities of war. There are terrible memories that they have experienced that will haunt the men for the full duration of their lives. War is ugly. War is cruel."
Abstract This paper discusses the common phenomenon of conflicts in the workplace. The paper contends that conflict resolution and management are the key words these days because of the intensely competitive and diverse workforce of today, yet it appears that most companies hardly pay any attention to conflict resolution training and, thus, are not properly prepared to handle such situations. The paper presents a real-life example of workplace conflict in order to illustrate the issue.
From the Paper "In any interpersonal conflict, it is extremely important to bring disputants together. The firm needed to bring Joshua and Debra together so a channel of communication could be established between the two. Since there had been practically no communication between the disputants, the situation was getting worse not to mention the toll it was taking on other employees. Bringing the two parties together is important because it helps both sides see the conflict from other angles and they can also vent their feelings openly. Most of the time, people have pre-conceived notions about their colleagues but open communication can help them resolve some misunderstandings."
Abstract This paper talks about the need for, and the benefits of, effective communication in relationships when emotional conflicts arise, and, in particular, when emotional conflicts present themselves in a business relationship. The paper explains how an individual's lack of an understanding of how communication skills work and how important they are to other individuals will seriously impede that person's ability to resolve conflicts, while individuals who have good strong communication skills are able to deal with emotional conflicts quickly and easily.
From the Paper "It appears that there are many processes and structures that are utilized to teach these things to individuals but they do not always work in the way that they should and many people are left with difficulties in communication when they face some type of emotional conflict with another individual (Dooley & Fryxell, 1999). It is important for these individuals to develop skills in communication and collaboration that are very effective and when they learn how to deal with emotional conflict management they become assets not only for the clients that they deal with but for their employers as well (Dooley & Fryxell, 1999). Traditionally individuals focused on the needs of their clients within any business but there are many more tensions coming into many fields today (Dooley & Fryxell, 1999)."
Abstract This paper describes how logical fallacies can affect us in academic and scientific research and even in the decisions we make in everyday life. The paper points out that a very valuable skill in making decisions is the ability to identify logical fallacies and to apply tools that help you identify them. Moreover, the paper describes some types of logical fallacies and some of the tools for identifying them, as well.
From the Paper "There is little question that logical or analytical fallacies can (and have) plagued data analysts in all major fields of knowledge from the beginning of recorded time. Not only can these fallacies of reason cause immense harm due to their capacity to mislead, but they can also ruin an otherwise sound argument or conclusion. For this reason, it is important to utilize varied "tools" designed to prevent or detect fallacies."
Abstract This paper explains that "racist" or "racism" are highly misused and misunderstood terms; merely race consciousness does not constitute a racist mindset. The author points out that a "racist" is a person who adopts blatantly discriminatory behavior or metes out ill treatment to people of other races because of biased mindset. The paper states that race is as much a part of one's identity as family names and country of origin; therefore, to refer to someone as "black" or "Hispanic" doesn?t really make one a racist, but claiming people of color are deficient or inferior in some respect does constitute racial bigotry.
From the Paper "If you see a black person with slightly odd eating habits and you comment on the same, does that make you a racist? Well if yes, why? Why can"t it be seen in the same light as commenting on odd behavior of some white person" What makes you a racist? Who is a racist? Is racist a person who "hates" people of other races or is he someone who believes his race is superior to all other races? If you think that "hatred" and "superior" are synonymous, then you are one of those many misguided souls who have heard all about racism but are not certain as to what really constitutes racist attitude."
Abstract This paper explains that the Fairness Doctrine was a law that balanced mass media information, allowing time and credibility to all sides of a given argument so that the listener would receive credible and reliable information. The author relates that, along with the new pioneers of broadcast journalism, advertising, and editorial commentary, the Fairness Doctrine came about in the mid-20th century as an extension of First Amendment rights, which remained in place for most of the latter half of the 20th century, but was revoked by the FCC in the early 1980s after long years of misunderstandings, political conflicts, and conflicting precedents in various court cases. The paper stresses that, although networks even advertise that their news is "fair and balanced", it is not; the Fairness Doctrine must be reinstated as an ethical broadcasting rule designed to provide controversial issues with a balanced presentation, not censorship.
From the Paper "The Fairness Doctrine is involved explicitly with radio and television
broadcasters, and states that there are responsibilities which these broadcasters must uphold to the public so that the information that the viewing and listening public receives is fair and balanced and opposing viewpoints get a chance to be presented. In essence, it is a measure of responsibility and accountability for the free press that is able to give counterarguments and provide a space for counterarguments regarding issues that are controversial and require a public forum so that the viewing and listening public can get a full cognizance of the issues being presented on both sides. Objectivity has always been a key tenet of journalism, but the achievement of objectivity is less clear and the Fairness Doctrine has responded to a need for clarity in this presentation by highlighting balanced reportage of issues that concern the public or may be political, controversial, or the subject of dis- or misinformation."
