Abstract This paper explains that Claudia "Lady Bird" Taylor Johnson, the wife of President Lyndon Johnson, during and after her husband's time in the White House, was involved with several environmental initiatives, which continue to make an impact decades later. The paper describes Lady Bird's efforts to make cities and highways throughout the U.S. more beautiful and relates that Lady Bird promoted legislation to protect the environment, although today not all laws remain in place. The writer also states that, as other first ladies, Lady Bird Johnson also knew that her place was to support her husband on his own personal issues.
Outline:
Introduction
Each First Lady Had Something of Her Own on which to Work, be in Healthcare, the Arts or Social Services
Lady Bird Johnson, Wife of Lyndon, Had Her Own Personal Issue
As Other First Ladies, She Will Always be Remembered for her Impact
Environment, the One Word to Sum up Lady Bird's Contribution
Quote: "Ugliness is so Grim..."
Beauty without and within People is her Legacy
Scenic America Considers Her its Spiritual Godmother and Inspiration
History behind Beautification Legislation
Bird Started the Committee for a More Beautiful Campaign Due to Run-Down and Decrepit Conditions in Washington, D.C.
Effort Grew from Cross City, to Neighborhood to Neighborhood to Across the U.S.
Her Committee Planted Trees and Flowers at Major Landmarks, and They Still Remain Today
As Momentum Increased, Wildflowers Began Replacing Ugly Billboards across the Country, and the Media Followed Her Ongoing Clean-Up Act
Despite Cynicism about Big Industry and Loop Holes, Legislation was Passed
Further Environmental Movements
She Pushed Hard from the Wilderness Act of 1964, Land, the Wild and Scenic Rivers Program and Expansion of National Parks
Made Littering A Public Acknowledged Problem and Led to Increase in Anti-Pollution Culture in 1970s
In 1982, National Wildlife Research Center
Grand Canyon and National Concerns
Problems Reappeared, as with any Legislation
Some states have Reneged on Billboard Usage; Others Continue the Fight
Still Better Than Situation Would Have Been
Conclusion--Why She Did It. Quotes.
From the Paper "Unfortunately, as with many laws, the Highway Beautification legislation was not tight enough to keep the large concerns from moving through the loop holes, and the small concerns, as those along Route 66, to suffer the consequence. Time went on, and the number of billboards continued to grow. Today, the billboard blight is worse in some states than others and environmental groups actively work together to keep additional laws from making matters worse."
Tags: wildflowers, scenic america, billboard native, loop holes
A comparison of the choices made by the protagonist, Claudia MacTeer, in Toni Morrison's novel "The Bluest Eye" and the protagonist, Lester Burnham, in Sam Mendes' film "American Beauty".
Abstract The paper examines the decision of Claudia MacTeer from "The Bluest Eye" to become a better person after she recognized her part in destroying another human being's life. The paper contrasts this choice to that of Lester Burnham who is dissatisfied with life and slips into apathy. The paper emphasizes how Claudia represents how we can derive something good out of a negative experience or a bad choice while Lester shows how one can simply give up and live a worthless life.
From the Paper "Toni Morrison maintains that a life of worth is something for which we must work, noting that a life of worth is filled with intricate, interesting work. She suggests that a life of worth is up to the individual and every choice along the way takes one in a positive or negative direction. Two characters that illustrate opposite extremes of this gamut are Claudia MacTeer from Toni Morrison's novel, The Bluest Eye, and Lester Burnham in the film, American Beauty. Both characters experience challenges and both face crossroads but they handle them differently and we discover that how challenges are handled makes more difference than the challenges themselves."
The following paper reflects on the story of a great adventure had by Claudia and Jamie which is both meant to entertain us and meant to teach us some of the important lessons in life, as the author weaves a number of themes carefully through the book.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 0 sources, 2003, $ 23.95
Abstract This paper examines the themes of the meaning of money and the meaning of worth as well as the very definition of what the central characters are doing. The way in which the two children come to understand the difference comes about through their finding the money in the fountain.
From the paper:
?Oscar Wilde asked, and then answered his own question: ?A man who knows the price of everything and the value of nothing.? This book is all about the difference between money, on the one hand, and value. Claudia takes Jamie with her because of all the people she knows he has the most money. And they become fascinated with solving the mystery of the angel because they think it will lead them to great riches.?
Abstract This analysis of Toni Morrison's "The Bluest Eye" looks at why Claudia survives to be healthy and strong but not Pecola. It looks at why Morrison chose to focus on the characters of Pecola and Claudia and the skills that Claudia possesses that enable her to survive.
From the Paper "Toni Morrison is the author I chose because she is very popular and is recommended by Oprah Winfrey's book club which has provided me with suggestions for other authors I ended up admiring and learning from.."
Abstract Toni Morrison's first novel ,"The Bluest Eye" ,which was published in 1970, was the first link in a long chain of novels all focusing on pressing issues of white dominance and its impact of psyche of black people in the United States. The paper shows that although racial hatred and discrimination are as not as intense now as they must have been in writer's childhood, still the story has been developed and told in such a manner that it arouses sympathy for the black child.
From the Paper "Toni Morrison, the 1993 Nobel Laureate, has always been a champion of African American rights and like some other famous black writers in the field of literature; she too based her writings on personal experiences and observations. In most of her novels, the writer has tried to highlight the plight of black Americans in the days of her childhood when racial segregation and discrimination were intense and devastating. In "The Bluest eye", which was her first novel, the writer has addressed many important issues, some of which are still valid today. Apart from racial discrimination and hatred, the writer has delved deeper into other subjects too including meaning of beauty and the role of black community in its inferior status."
Abstract Shows that the character of Hamlet is a very complicated one. The paper looks at his speeches as the main source to examine whether he is faking his madness or not. The writer concludes that Hamlet is sane and very intelligent.
From the Paper "Hamlet, the young Danish prince, is possibly one of the most complicated characters in English Literature. Shakespeare created a three-dimensional and multifaceted individual, whose constant in depth soliloquies ask the most significant questions that have ever been ask. Hamlet has the reader in a constant guessing game trying to decipher whether or not he is truly insane. Why does Hamlet feign madness? Is he really feigning? Was Polonius accurate in saying that there was a "method to his madness"? Hamlet's speech is the doorway to his soul, in which we find the answers to all our questions about him. His dialogue gives us hints as to his intentions and purpose. Shakespeare showed Hamlet's intentions in many of his speeches. "How strange or odd some" or I bear myself that you, at such times seeing me, never shall, with encumbered thus, or this headshake... Or such ambiguous giving out, to note that you know aught of me - this do swear...?"
An examination of how female writers deal with the plight of the blacks through a review of "The Color Purple" by Alice Walker and "The Bluest Eye" by Toni Morrison.
Abstract This paper discusses how African-American authors have been essential to elucidation of the race and gender issues that face blacks living in America. In particular it looks at how black female authors have confronted the woes of societal stereotypes and idiosyncrasies that reflect life in America for people of color. It examines how women writers analyze the race, class and gender discrimination that black women have often faced by review of the books "The Color Purple" by Alice Walker and "The Bluest Eye" by Toni Morrison.
From the Paper "The self esteem issues that Pecola dealt with and that black women deal with are quite different from the issues that men deal with. This is due to the fact that women are judged by their appearance more than men are. Men don"t have to worry as much about their appearance because it is not as important in our society. Quite often our society places so much emphasis on beauty that women start to believe that there appearance defines who they are"instead of their mind and spirit. On the other hand, men are often defined by the type of job they have and the amount of education that they have received. Men are also defined by how much money they have and the type of vehicle that they drive. The emphasis on the level of education a man has and the amount of money that he makes often leaves men overworked and struggling to maintain healthy relationships with their wives and children."
Abstract The characters of Sophocles' "Oedipus" and William Shakespeare's "Hamlet" present two of the most enduring examples of the tragic hero. The paper shows that both characters are victims of fate and both characters are in control of their destinies, yet each character, turning different ways, end up with very different lives. The paper shows that Oedipus was lead by what he believed to be the truth and Hamlet, knowing the truth, is paralyzed by it. In exploring the similarities and differences between these two characters, the paper shows how we are able to understand fate and destiny and how they relate to the truth.
From the Paper "Hamlet and Oedipus conform to the same classic formula. Hamlet is a member of a royal family and next in line to sit at the throne. Claudias has determined that Hamlet will inherit the throne. This makes Hamlet the second most popular man in Denmark and to anger him is to invoke a king's anger in the years to come. Oedipus is already a king and he clearly asserts his position by announcing that he is king, the world-famous Oedipus. It is safe to assume that Oedipus is already in high standing in both the political and social hierarchy of the times because he is a king and he is world famous. To follow the model of the classic tragic formula, the story not only needs a hero who is in a position of status, but it also needs a hero to also fall from that position."
Abstract Thomas Mann, as a novelist, is considered uniquely gifted in his ability to convey philosophical insight through the deployment of a character's specific perspective in the context of a town, family, or hospital community, even the ailment afflicting the hospital community itself in the case of his novel, "The Magic Mountain". The paper shows that even when the character in question, such as Claudia Chauchat herself, lacks a level of profound self-knowledge and insight because of her location in the particular community of the sanatorium at the heart of the novel, the reader is still capable of being on the receiving end of profound insights about the contrasting nature of health and illness from Mann's point of view.
From the Paper "For Mann, thus, the mind/body "problem" or distinction is really no problem or distinction at all. Human beings are not merely minds or bodies, with one dominating the other. Even a highly physical aliment such as tuberculosis affects different individuals in different ways. Clearly, suffering from an illness can change a person's life--if it were not for TB Claudia would never have withdrawn from the whirl of her social, aristocratic Russian world, and the nature of the illness seems to heighten her senses at times, as is noted in the chapter when she seduces Hans, entitled "Walpurgis" or "Witches" Night,? implying that her sensuality has an almost supernatural level. But Claudia does not use it as an excuse to withdraw from living a full, human, and physically involved and sexual life like Hans Castorp."
Abstract Toni Morrison's literature, especially in her novel, "The Bluest Eye" is considered 'angry'. Even in its quiet moments, we see the agonies of black people forced to come to terms with the fact that whites, even their neighbors and the children they play with, see them as being inferior. The paper takes a look at some of the themes relating to this novel, including interracial hatred, the symbol of the color blue, segregation and society's view of beauty.
From the Paper "Why, really, did Pecola want those blue eyes so much? It was not just to be "beautiful", and have eyes bluer than all the rest of the girls, black, half-white, or white. The reason, as Toni Morrison points out in her afterword, was the beginnings of what she calls "racial beauty", It was just a generation or more ahead of the right time. Had she lived in the 1960s when the idea of "black is beautiful" first made its meaningful appearance, perhaps the search would have been to bring out inner beauty, regardless of the color of her eyes. It would have been the beauty of her soul, of her dreams, of her opportunities to be equal to all the whites and half-whites who oppressed the blacks in the 1940s."
Abstract This writer of this paper discusses Toni Morrison's first novel 'The Bluest Eye', which was published in 1970 and was the first link in a long chain of novels all focusing on the pressing issues of white dominance and its impact on the psyche of black people in the United States. Though racial hatred and discrimination is not as intense now as it must have been in the writer's childhood, this story has been developed and told in such a manner that it arouses sympathy for the black child. This paper examines Morrison's writing style, which the writer of this paper admires, yet contends that the author is too often obsessed with the plight and suffering of her community which tend to make her books often very distressing and disturbing. This paper explores the plot of the novel which revolves around the young child Pecola, who belonged to the Breedlove family while the narrator, Claudia MacTeer, a young girl from MacTeer family observes life around her and presents it as she views it. Morrison is considered master storyteller and "The Bluest Eye" is a classic example of her genius.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Research Outline
Research: "The Bluest Eye"
References
From the Paper "The book is essentially about colonization's impact on a child's psyche. Morrison was of one of those black writers who believed that the best way to fight discrimination and segregation was through psychological training. In the bluest eye for example, she focuses on the reactions of many black Americans to the white culture and concludes that black are oppressed not only because of intense racism but because of the perceptions regarding white skin color that perceived within the black community. Malin Walther Pereira writes, "Her first novel, The Bluest Eye, published in 1970, focuses intently on the colonizing effects of white female beauty on a black girl and her community. In her 1993 Afterword to the novel, Morrison explicitly ties the issue of beauty in The Bluest Eye to the politics of racial beauty and identity in the 1960s. She writes: "the reclamation of racial beauty in the sixties stirred these thoughts [about beauty], made me think about the necessity for the claim."
Tags: literature, racism, african-american, black, perception, america
Abstract The paper discusses the conclusions of economic historian, Claudia Goldin, that women have a difficult time in beginning a family and embarking on a career in the business world. The paper looks at M. Ferber and C. Greene's study that determined there were more females that were capable of achieving a family and professional life than had been previously suggested. The paper also examines a study by B. Probert on why women were not in higher levels of organizations. The paper explains the conclusions that the factor of the family affected women in their quest to achieve the highest goals in business and not merely gender inequality.
Outline:
Experimental Design
Case Study
Survey Research
From the Paper "Ferber and Greene (2003) discuss the issue of a study conducted by Goldin in which the author suggested that women had a difficult time in "having it all". The term "having it all" referred to the ability to begin a family, while at the same time embark on a career in the business world. The researchers used a literature review experimental design for their work, evaluating the points of Goldin's article. Primarily the researchers determined that the issue of women having careers and families was described by Goldin as being difficult to achieve. Yet, Ferber and Greene (2003) concluded that not only did this conclusion lead women to believe that there was no point in attempting their personal and professional goals, but that it was inaccurate. Ferber and Greene (2003) determined that there was a vast number of women that were capable of achieving both goals, but that they were still unequal members of society."
Abstract The paper examines Goldin and Katz's paper entitled, "Education and Income in the Early Twentieth Century: Evidence from the Prairies" that investigated the impact education has played regarding the returns to schooling in early 20th century America. The paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the arguments presented in the paper. The paper concludes that the authors' exclusion of key variables greatly affected the validity of the paper.
From the Paper "Prior to Goldin and Katz's (G&K) paper entitled, 'Education and Income in the Early Twentieth Century: Evidence from the Prairies', economic historians had investigated the impact education has played regarding the returns to schooling in early 20th century America. Examining a basic schooling/income frameworks developed by Mincer (1974), lnwi = a + BSi + ei, where wi represents the log of earnings of individual i, Si as the number of years of schooling, ei as a statistical error term, where a and B are parameters to be estimated, we can construe that changes in an individual's level of schooling can have an observable effect upon to their level of earnings. As schooling (Si) increases, wages (wi) should increase as well."
