Abstract This paper examines Neville Chamberlains impact on the appeasement process rather than his political history. It focuses on his relationship with Hitler and looks at the claim that he was a gullible leader. It shows how his impact on foreign affairs was huge and almost immediate when he came to power and how he changed the whole dynamic of appeasement, from a slow and passive policy, to a very much active one. It also examines how Chamberlain was all too eager to foster good relations with Germany and her allies and how he was all to happy to take Hitler's assurances that Germany also wanted peace, as long as somebody could regulate its terms.
From the Paper "When Chamberlain came to power, he followed a series of Prime Ministers (notably McDonald and Baldwin), who had seen Britain as a true super power. This attitude had led to an isolationalist foreign policy, and a lack of new trade routes being formed. Chamberlain was a seasoned political campaigner, and could see Britain's position for what it was, tied to America, not active in trade with Europe and ill prepared for the conflict which many saw as inevitable in the near future. This was fuelled by a report from the chiefs of staff in January 1938 which observed that "Naval, Military and air forces in their present stage of development, are still far from sufficient to meet our defensive commitments, which now stretch from Western Europe, through the Mediterranean to the Far East". We cannot foresee the time when our defences will be strong enough to safeguard our territory, trade and vital interests against Germany, Italy and Japan simultaneously?."
Tags: germany, wwII, foreign, policy, europe, japan
Abstract In this article the writer studies the character of Colonel Joshua Chamberlain as portrayed in the movie "Gettysburg". The writer describes Chamberlain as an unlikely, scholarly and militarily untrained college professor-turned-soldier, who exhibits strong traits of authoritative leadership. The writer maintains that Chamberlain possesses excellent traits of leadership in war and that as the movie "Gettysburg" depicts, Colonel Joshua Chamberlain's leadership style was an authoritative one. The writer concludes that Chamberlain's personality, as Jeff Daniels plays him in "Gettysburg", is both reflective and more contemplative than those of any of the other principal military figures depicted in the movie. Further the writer notes that Chamberlain is also a man of action when he has to be and a very brilliant and successful one.
From the Paper "It was Colonel Joshua Chamberlain's particular leadership genius at Round Top, in fact that, historically speaking, as well as within in the movie Gettysburg, arguably turned not only the Battle of Gettysburg, but the Civil War itself into a victory for the North, rather than for the South as it probably otherwise would have been. Chamberlain's most remarkable instance of leadership, nerve, and heroism, in the Battle of Gettysburg, and as shown within the movie Gettysburg, took place at Little Round Top. Chamberlain and his men had been sent there, by Colonel Strong Vincent, to defend Little Round Top's southern slope. But from there, nothing at all went as planned, and Chamberlain had to thing fast, and with enormous resourcefulness."
Abstract This paper presents the story of three women who were instrumental to Latin American history. The writer explores the contributions of Eva Peron, Sarah Chamberlain Eccleston and Violeta Barrios to illustrate the importance of females in the historical context of the Latin American political arena.
From the Paper "Another very influential women in the world of Latin American history was Violeta Barrios. Violeta married a prominent Nicaraguan journalist named Pedro Chamorro. He was not only a journalist in the year 1950 when they met he was also acting editor of the La Prensa paper. Because of his political beliefs and his refusal to stop using the paper as a lobbying platform he was jailed many times and spent time in prison as well."
Abstract This paper examines the life and military career of General Joshua Chamberlain, born in 1828 and discusses how the Civil War made him a better man, despite its many horrors. It puts forward the argument that the 20th Maine was perhaps singularly responsible for the Union victory at Gettysburg in holding the left of the Union flank. It includes accounts of the battle from many perspectives, including those of men in the Confederate camps and in particular, an account of the battle as it pertains to the fight of the 20th Maine on Little Round Top.
From the Paper "Joshua's last great battle was to be two days later on White Oak road, where he fought his men against General Lee himself. Refusing to wait for a bridge to be rebuilt over the Rappahannock, he led his men through waist deep water and persuaded General Warren to allow him to attack immediately across an open field, knowing it would cost more lives to wait. He succeeded in pushing Lee back, although he said himself that ?Had I known...that General Lee was personally directing affairs I would not have been so rash, nor thought myself so cool.? Later, at Five Forks, Joshua continued to show his great valor and leadership skills."
An analysis of the causes of the Boer War (1899-1902), exploring the roles of the gold-mining magnates, the British and Transvaal governments and individuals such as Joseph Chamberlain, Cecil J. Rhodes and Alfred Milner.
Abstract This essay argues that although the mining magnates had a significant part to play in the build up to the South African War (1899-1902), the underlying causes of the war were the respective governments of Britain and the Transvaal. The paper shows that Joseph Chamberlain, Alfred Milner and C.J. Rhodes may have all contributed, but the cause of the war was greater than the actions of individuals and was the result of regional rivalry and governmental policy.
From the Paper "As with all the principal actors involved in Transvaal politics preceding the Boer War, the gold-mining magnates certainly had a part to play in its causes. Indeed, it would be a difficult task to attribute the Boer War to a single actor, as each of the main contributors played a significant role. Most histories instead attempt to single out the primary driving force behind the war. Since the end of the war different analyses have focused on different issues; the gold-mining magnates, the respective governments in London or Pretoria, the role of the Uitlanders, the individual actions of actors such as Kruger, Milner, Rhodes or Chamberlain, and international financiers. The problem with assigning too much significance to one of these actors is that none of them were in complete control of the situation, and all relied, at least in part, upon the actions of others. Nevertheless, solely naming the different factors achieves little; it is important to try to root out the principal force. Certainly, although it now seems unlikely that the gold-mining magnates were the primary cause of the Boer War, they played an important role, even after the Jameson Raid in 1895."
Abstract This paper discusses Britain's foreign policy from the end of World War I until the end of World War II - specifically 1918 to 1945. It particularly focuses on the rise and fall of their power in the political world. The paper looks at Britain's relationship with various other powers in the world through this period of history and discusses how its policies affected their position within the international community.
Table of Contents:
The Locarno Era (1918-1931).
Advantages and Drawbacks of a Victory
Peace as a National Mood
Peace as an Electoral Necessity
The Foreign Policy of British Governments Between 1918 and 1931
The Emergence of Perils (1931-1937).
The Perils
Toying with Rearmament
The Obstacles to an Alternative Policy
Facing New Perils
Chamberlain in Office: Appeasement at its Peak? (May 1937-March 1939)
Appeasement: Some Problems of Terminology and Interpretations
The Motives of the appeasers
The Events in Europe from February 1938 to March 1939
The March to War
The Invasion of Czechoslovakia
The Mood of the Government and the Nation Changes
The Quest for Allies in Eastern Europe and the Balkans
From the Paper "Their main preoccupation was what was going to happen in Czechoslovakia, which could be attacked from the north and the West as well as from the South. There was a mounting crisis in Czechoslovakia between the Germans and the Czechs because of the plight of a numerous group of people known as the Sudeten Germans. They were Germans living in Czechoslovakia, in the Sudeten land which was the hilly region which forms the border between Germany and Czechoslovakia. This part was till 1919 part of Austria and the Sudeten had been Austrian citizens in 1919. Czechoslovakia was politically dominated by the Czechs, 75 million, but it was ethnically speaking extremely heterogeneous, (in spite of the principle of self-government). Besides the Czechs, there were also several ethnic minorities, in particular 2.5 million Slovaks, half a million Hungarians, half a million Ruthinians, today Northern Ukrainians, 80,000 Poles, and above all 3.2 million Germans."
Abstract This paper is an analysis of Kazuo Ishiguro's "The Remains of the Day". It summarizes the story and analyzes the behaviour of its two main characters: Stevens, the butler and Lord Darlington. It examines Lord Darlington's connections to the Germans and how he helped them throughout the story. It deals with Stevens' doubts about serving Lord Darlington.
From the Paper "When Stevens, a perfect English butler, decides to take a motoring trip away from the residence he has dearly served for decades, he embarks on a deep reflection of his past as well. Kazuo Ishiguro's The Remains of the Day switches from pastoral settings in Britain to the butler's reminiscence of Lord Darlington and his "greatness" during the postwar years. Stevens? idea of a great butler is one who serves an employer who contributes to the progress of humanity. Throughout the journey, he ponders if he had served a "true gentleman" or not. Lord Darlington is an extremely unclear figure. He is of high social standing, but even hosts "off the record" conferences with the most notable figures in Europe such as German Ambassador Ribbentrop and Neville Chamberlain. Stevens remarks that Darlington held the secret post Versailles conferences in order to improve the inhumane conditions in defeated Germany. Stevens recalls that he "could not help but be moved afresh" by Darlington's expressing ?great suffering he had himself witnessed in Germany.? Stevens has no doubt that his Lordship was a benevolent man. However, as he drives farther and farther away from Darlington Hall, he begins to realize the reality and questions the lord's true intentions."
Tags: analysis, britain, chamberlain, day, england, fascism, fascist, halifax, historical, history, hitler, ii, ishiguro, kazuo, lord, postwar, remains, war, world
Abstract This paper begins by providing a brief biography of Weinberg. It then discusses how, in his book, Weinberg studies relations between Germany and Russia in the early period of World War II, using largely German primary sources for his information, which includes Soviet sources that were later turned over to the Germans. It shows how Weinberg tells the story in chronological order, beginning in the period from Munich to the march on Prague.
From the Paper "He notes that the "Munich agreement opened a new period in European diplomacy" and that what he is going to examine about the issue are the results of Munich rather than what led up to it. The immediate effect of the Munich agreement "was a general disruption of the existing order." Mussolini, Hitler, Chamberlain, and the French Prime Minister met at Munich in September 1938, and Britain and France backed down entirely from their previous position and now agreed that Germany could begin occupying the Sudetenland from October 1 in return for a guarantee that Hitler would make no more territorial demands in Europe. By 1939, Britain and France continued on the road to appeasement, though Britain was showing some strength by warning Mussolini about "the possible effects of further German aggression eastwards.""
Abstract The famous battle of the American Civil War, Gettysburg, is the subject of Michael Shaara's book, "The Killer Angels". This paper shows how Shaara guides the reader through three days of battle in which many American lives were lost. He portrays the war through the eyes of those who fought in it, and in doing so, sends us a message about the horror of war and the bravery of the men who fought in this one.
From the Paper "The personal and professional relationship between Lee and Longstreet was depicted as being a bittersweet one. The two were polar opposites, each representing the past and future of war. Lee seemed bent on an offensive campaign, while Longstreet believed in a defensive strategy. I sometimes wonder if Lee knew that he would be "untouchable" when it came to responsibility for a defeat, thus was more likely to take the long shot, and take the offensive."
Abstract This paper defines forensic evidence as the detailed analysis of things found at the crime scene, including apparently vague and elusive pieces of evidence, such as hair, fingerprints, body fluids, and handwriting. The author believes that forensic science suffers from numerous loopholes, structural problems, and technical weaknesses. The paper stresses that forensic evidence should not be treated as a credible or reliable source of information in many cases because one wrong finding can destroy the lives of many, as seen in some recent cases.
From the Paper "Police have been using forensic science for decades now, but repeated blows to its credibility are likely to hamper its progress in future. For example, even though DNA analysis is one the most popular techniques being used by police but even this sophisticated methodology can give misleading results. World-renowned forensic scientist Dr. Henry Lee offers insight into why DNA evidence may not yield any answers at all in some cases, and why police cannot always depend on DNA samples to identify the offender."
Abstract This paper examines how history enlightens us that Churchill was excluded from office for a decade between 1929 and 1939 due to the fact that many political party members distrusted him and how nevertheless, Winston Churchill politically was just as effective (at that period in time) out of office as he would have been in it. It looks at how the 1930s generated many doubts over Churchill's political career and attempts to reveal why Churchill's political rivals buried him, why his enemies cut him off and why he was politically isolated out of money and power and was compelled to switch allegiances to other political parties for his own beneficial purposes. It also incorporates evidence that emphasises that it was Churchill's anxieties of attaining the British Empire at all costs (imperialism of India) and of initiating the belief that Hitler wasn?t to be trusted, that British rearmament was necessary and that appeasement with the Germans was dishonourable.
From the Paper "Credit where credit is due, artistically and journalistically Churchill was a fine painter and writer (he earned a respectable ?30 thousand a year doing it) however, as far as money and the economy was concerned, Churchill was far from the economist expert he thought he was.
Because not only did he lose a fortune in the stock exchange when Wall Street crashed in 1929 (he had to get a friend to bail him out), he also lost the position of Chancellor of the Exchequer when the Conservatives were defeated at the election that was brought about by the collapse in world economy."
Abstract This paper discusses Winston Churchill's remarkable leadership as a lone voice in the wilderness during Hitler's rise to power in Europe in 1939 and 1940. The author points out Churchill's role in shaping the outcome of world history.
From the Paper "There have been few leaders considered as great or as responsible for shaping the outcome of world history as Prime Minister of Great Britain Winston Churchill. As Joseph Keegan maintains, "The political history of the 20th century ...""
Tags: Hitler, WWII, Churchill, Chamberlain, politics, war, Russia, America, Germany, Nazis, Parliament, military conflict, courage, resolve, democracy
Abstract This paper reviews and summarizes Michael Shaara's fictional-historical account of four days of conflict between North and South during the Battle of Gettysburg. It explores the personal perspectives of three participants.
From the Paper "In "The Killer Angels" author Michael Shaara recreates a fictional-historical account of the Battle of Gettysburg a four-day period in June and July. The book opens with the first battle and extends through Pickett's Charge. Shaara argues that the reason for writing the novel that unfolds to us primarily through the personal perspectives of three of its participants was so that readers can know what it was like to be at the Battle what the weather was like, what men's faces looked like ..."
Tags: Colonel Chamberlain, General Longstreet, General Lee, freedom, equality, soldiers, ideology, moral code, cause
Abstract This paper examines Michael Shaara's 1974 Civil War novel, "The Killer Angels." The paper specifically analyzes, compares and contrasts four major historical Civil War characters, as they are described and depicted within Shaara's book: General Robert E. Lee, General James Longstreet, Colonel Joshua L. Chamberlain and General George Pickett. The paper describes how these characters caused the Battle of Gettysburg to turn out as it did thereby determining the outcome of the Civil War.
From the Paper "General George Pickett, of these four key characters, is the character with the most pathos. Having yearned for a long time to prove himself and his men in battle, Pickett is finally ordered by Longstreet to charge, at Gettysburg, through the center of the Confederate Army, the result of a poor tactical move that ends in bloody disaster for Pickett and his men. Pickett is also a sympathetic character, due not so much to his strengths as a general or a person, but rather, to his eccentricities, foibles, and weaknesses. Of all of Shaara's characters, in fact, Pickett often seems the most human and three dimensional. Pickett is no academic star like General Lee, and was in fact so busy socializing, and therefore not studying, that he finished last in his class at West Point. In terms of his personality, unlike either the staid Lee or the sullen Longstreet, Pickett is "lovable, long haired, perfumed" and full of "exuberance" (Shaara, The Killer Angels, p. xvii). He is 38 years old, only three years younger than Longstreet but a full eight years older than the Union's main, unlikely, Battle of Gettysburg hero, Joshua Chamberlain. Still, in Shaara's descriptions of him, Pickett has a lively boyishness of character about him that the other four key characters lack."
