Advanced IV Therapy

Paper Summary:

This paper presents a case study of a patient that is in a state of hypovolemic shock and relates the signs and symptoms of this state as well as the risks and complications in introducing IV fluid resuscitation. A description of the procedure for IV therapy is presented and it is emphasized that the patient must be checked routinely for signs of infection, dislodgement of the IV catheter or aggressive resuscitation. Fluid resuscitation, the paper concludes, is deemed effective if the blood pressure and heart rate are within an acceptable range and signs of inflammation and infection have disappeared.

Table of Contents:
Indications
Risks and Complications
Signs and Symptoms of Developing a Complication
Performing the Intervention and Any Complications
Assessing Its Effectiveness

From the Paper:

"Ideally, patients who lose blood must be given blood. However, when an emergency arises, it may not be practical as certain procedures such as cross-matching are required for the patient to obtain blood. In an acute situation, management with fluid resuscitation is critical. Once any sign of bleeding has been ruled out, fluid resuscitation may be provided. If the patient does not have an intravenous line, a large-bore IV catheter must be placed to initiate parenteral fluid replacement. "

Sample of Sources Used:

• Adesanya, A., Rosero, E., Timaran, C., Clagett, P., and Johnston, W. E. (2008). "Intraoperative fluid restriction predicts improved outcomes in major vascular surgery." Vascular Endovascular Surgery, doi: 10.1177/1538574408318474.
• Al-Khafaji, A. and Webb, A. R. (2004). "Fluid resuscitation." Continuing Education in Anaesthesia, 4(4): 127-132.
• Black, J. M., Hawkes, J. & Keene, A. (2001). Medical surgical nursing: clinical management for positive outcomes. 6th ed. PA: W. B. Saunders
• Boldt, J. (2005). "Intraoperative fluid therapy - crystalloid/colloid debate." Conferencias Magistrales, 28(S1): S23-S28.
• Brown, D. & Edwards, H. (2008).Lewis' Medical-Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problem. Sydney: Elsevier Mosby.

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