Abstract The paper examines "Bartolome de las Casas: Great Prophet of the Americas" that describes the story of Bartolome de las Casas, an advocate for Native-Americans and reform in 16th century Spain. The paper looks at how the author portrays a man that stood by his convictions and fought for the rights of others for most of his life. The paper recommends this fascinating book to those interested in early Spanish history, the Catholic Church, and the history of exploration and discovery. The paper posits that though the author may be a little too close to his subject for real objectivity, he definitely paints a compelling portrait of this early humanitarian.
From the Paper "The author's purpose in writing this book is simple, he wanted to share the story of Bartolome de las Casas, an advocate for Native Americans and reform in 16th century Spain. He writes his thesis early in the book: "This work examines the historical setting and specific events leading up to the spiritual awakening that transformed Las Casas's life, and interprets this experience in light of his future message" (Vickery, 2006, p. 2). The author wants to illustrate why Las Casas is important, especially to those who might not be familiar with his work, and he wants to show how he worked for justice and against oppression of the Amerindians, as the author calls them. He views Las Casas as a prophet in the form of those prophets in the Old Testament, and uses this book about his life to make these points clear."
Abstract This paper is a discussion of the house built by Italian writer Curzio Malaparte, known as Casa Malaparte, an innovative and unique structure that the designer intended to create as autobiographical self-expression. The paper looks at the use of internal & external space, as well as artistic and aesthetic values.
From the Paper "There are many theories of architecture and design and the use of space both in terms of internal space and external space .There are also theories of architecture which contend that form follows function and those that argue function follow form. Famed architect Frank Lloyd Wright maintained that form and function were one. In addition to these theories, there are theories of architectural design that assert that architectural constructions take on a form of communication, that is they are able to convey the values, beliefs and..."
Abstract This paper uses first hand accounts to explore the treatment of slaves in America. It reviews the autobiographical book "The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Gustavius Vassa", by Olaudah Equiano by giving a synopsis of Equiano's story. It begins with his kidnapping and journey on a slave ship and explores some of the harsh treatments of and difficult experiences for the slaves. The paper then turns to look at the Spaniards? treatment of the Indian slaves in the West Indies, with reference to the historical work "Apologetic History of the Indies", by Bartolome de las Casas.
From the Paper "Olaudah Equiano, in The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Gustavius Vassa, describes this about himself and the other atrocities, after being kidnapped that fateful day, which had happened to him and other slaves. Not long after he and his sister were kidnapped, he was separated from his sister and forced to endure life as a slave alone. Gustavius Vassa and Olaudah Equiano were one in the same person. Gustavius Vassa was a slave name given to him by one of his owners. Individuality was not an option that a slave had and the names of the blacks were not important to the white world. Slaves had to live with the names that they were given. However, this is not the worst that they had to endure according to Equiano."
Abstract This paper summarizes the book and gives an opinion of the content. It discusses why Las Casas' account of how the Spanish treated the natives is a darkly disturbing book that will remain in the reader's mind for a long time to come. It explains why this book sheds a dark light on the Spanish colonial practices.
From the Paper "The Introduction of "Account" chronicles Las Casas' life, and introduces just how he came to champion the natives of the Indies. Las Casas opens his history with a compelling statement, compelling the reader to continue reading. "Everything that has happened since the marvellous discovery of the Americas ? from the short-lived initial attempts of the Spanish to settle there, right down to the present day ? has been so extraordinary that the whole story remains quite incredible to anyone who has not experienced it at first hand" (Las Casas 3). Right away, the reader must turn the pages to find out more about this extraordinary story, and discover just why Las Casas became such an advocate for the natives. As he recounts the history of the area, the reader becomes aware of the horrors committed by the Spaniards, and begins to understand just what led this man to fight so heroically for the natives."
Abstract This paper examines Giovanni Della Casa's Galateo. A treatise on manners produced in sixteenth century Italy it is a valuable historical source. In discussing social conduct and manners revelations are made of underlying morals, norms and values.
Abstract The paper considers the novel "Utopia" by Thomas More that describes conquests in a utopian society and Bartolome de Las Casas's "Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies." The paper examines the justification for conquest, treatment of the conquered, and rights of the conquered. The paper explains how these two works show different scenarios. In the Utopian society, there is reasonable justification for the conquest, the conquered people are treated well and the conquered people are given full rights. In the case of the Spaniards and the Indians, there is no valid justification for the conquest, the Indians are treated harshly, and the Indians are stripped of their rights. Despite these apparent differences, the paper shows that both works offer the same message.
Contents:
Conquering "Primitives" and the Justification for Conquest
The Treatment of the Conquered
The Rights of the Defeated
Conclusion
From the Paper "In Utopia there is a lot of detail given justifying the conquest of primitives. This starts with a statement that the Utopians detest war and do not enter into battle easily. The strongest statement made about the Utopian position on war is that "they count nothing so much against glory, as glory gotten in war" (More, The Second Book of Warfare). Considering that society typically considers war as being associated with glory, this statement shows that the society rejects war as much as they possibly can. The book then goes on to describe the justifications for war. These justifications include defending their own country, driving out enemies from the lands of their friends, and freeing oppressed people from tyranny and bondage. It is this third justification that is their reason for conquering the original inhabitants of Utopia. Essentially, they consider that the original inhabitants are being ruled wrongly and that their conquering of the people will free them and allow them to be ruled in the correct way. The book even states that they conquer lands where people are oppressed out of "mere pity and compassion" (More, The Second Book of Warfare)."
Abstract The paper begins with a biography of Isabelle Allende. It shows the turning point in her life when her uncle, the president of Chile was overthrown. It then outlines her novel "Casa de los Espiritus" and compares it to her life. It emphasizes the Chilean government and discusses the irony and magical realism in the novel. The paper also examines religion and its effect on her life and beliefs.
From the Paper "The most interesting thing about the novel, though, was its connection with real life. Upon reading about Allende, the reader finds that the characters are based on her own family, and there is a real element of telepathy in Isabel's life. Clara, one of the main characters is based on Isabel's grandmother. She is similar in many ways. She tells Isabel stories, she performs telepathy, and she is very close to both her daughter and granddaughter in spirit. Esteban was also based on a family member, her grandfather. He was a strong man like the character of Esteban. The difference, though, between Esteban and her grandfather was that her grandfather wouldn't pour out his feelings to his granddaughter. This is why the story was written with using the memories of Clara, to give it a different background. (Gautier 18) "
Abstract This paper uses the experiences of two historical figures in early America, Bartolome de las Casas and Anne Bradstreet, to reject the notion of the right to religious freedom in America. Bartoleme de las Casas, while more humane than other Spaniards of his time, still represented the dominant philosophy of Spain during early America, that religious freedom meant the freedom to convert others to one's own religion. Bradstreet is described as belonging to a community, typical of the Puritan era, that rejected the rights of others who chose to believe differently.
From the Paper "Bradstreet does not discuss the issue of freedom of religion in her poems but seems rather to live that freedom herself. She determines meaning by contemplation rather than by repeating lessons learned from some authority, for instance. She concentrates most on her family rather than on God and religious issues. She contrasts in this regard with Edwards, who gives all his concentration to religious matters and who judges everything in the community on the basis of how it accords with his religious beliefs."
Abstract The paper discusses family gatherings, identity and how the author's family and childhood affected her writing style. The grandmother, an older and wiser person, was Cofer's primary influence and she is discussed throughout most of the paper. The paper presents comparisons of the grandmother.
From the Paper "Family gatherings have always been an important factor among families, especially my family. Everyone would enjoy each others company, the men in one room and the women in the other, watching the football game or telling stories. I remember hearing laughter and from the men, groans when their favorite teams weren't performing up to par. I also remember listening to the women in my family tell stories of when they were younger and remenise on the "good 'ole days". The family in "Casa: A Partial Rememberance of Puerto Rican Childhood", by Judith Ortiz Cofer, is much like mine. All of the women sit in a room and discuss life in general. These moments helped develop me into a mature woman and identify myself as they also did for Cofer. I was able to become a more self-aware person and see myself not only through those around me, but especially through my own eyes, just the same as the chats did for Cofer. Because of the gatherings, she was able to develop her love for writing stories and mature as a woman."
From the Paper " Bartolome de las Casas, in History of the Indies, presents a history of the Spanish experience in the New World from 1492 to 1520. Las Casas, however, wants to do much more than merely give a factual account of that experience. He more importantly delivers a moral and political critique of the Spanish rule in the Americas, and it is a severe ethical indictment, indeed. The author wants to make the world aware of the inhumanity of the treatment of the native population and of Spanish slaves, and to show the terrible human, political, economic and moral costs of those actions to not merely the New World but also to the nation of Spain.
As Andree Collard writes in his Introduction to the book, "Spain in the sixteenth century had Bartolome de las Casas . . . (1474-1566)" to "denounce these human failings." He "was a man.."
Abstract Describes his vital role in defending the indigenous peoples of the New World. His life as a missionary, historian and theologian. How his writings exposed the evil mistreatment of Indians by the Spanish. How his writings created The Black Legend. Criticism of his one-sided view of Indians and Spaniards.
From the Paper "This study will explore the vital role played by Bartolome de las Casas (1474-1566) in defending the rights of the indigenous peoples of the New World. While it is not accurate to say that he was the "savior of the Indians from Spanish cruelty," he certainly played a role in limiting that cruelty, risking much in doing so. Historical controversy continues to swirl around his life and works centuries after his death. While some critics argue that he was not the radical reformer he is pictured as being by his admirers, it is nevertheless clear that considering the harsh colonial era in which he lived, in which indigenous peoples were conventionally seen as less than human, de las Casas was indeed a brave supporter and defender of those people. One of the most compelling aspects of de las Casas's story is the learning process he himself went through as he awakened to ..."
Abstract This paper discusses Barcelona's famous architect, Antonio Gaudi. The intrinsic relationship between the city and the architect is explored in the paper. The paper presents a brief biography of Gaudi and examines the general characteristics, influences, and styles of his work and creations. The paper describes three of Gaudi's many projects in Barcelona: the Sacred Family (La Sacrada Familia), La Pedrera (Casa Mila), and the Guell Park.
From the Paper "As some who has visited Barcelona, one would perhaps always remember the historical area around Los Ramblas, the old Gothic Cathedral or the Olympic Stadium, as well as the special charm of the city, proud in its Catalan spirit, but there is little chance that something is likely to impress you more than the presence of Antoni Gaudi in the city, his modernist creations, his dedication to the city and, even more so, the intrinsic relationship between the city and the architect. Indeed, Gaudi has only worked and created in Barcelona and the city represented to Gaudi something that Aix-en Provence was for another artistic genius, Cezanne : place of inspiration and artistic evolution, but probably also the only place where the interior effervescence could be properly exploited."
Abstract The paper explains that nearly two-thirds of all American youth try an illegal drug before they finish high school. The writer states that the juveniles most frequently driven to prostitution are young girls trying to escape abusive situations. The writer reviews literature written on the topics of juvenile drug abuse and prostitution. The writer suggests that more research needs to be done regarding these teenage issues and details specific topics for that research. The paper expresses the importance of making contacts by handing out literature to the public. In conclusion, the writer suggests outreach programs in which the emphasis lies not only on knowledge about safer drug use and safer sex but also on attitude, social standards and self-efficacy. Table Of Contents Importance of Study Introduction Identifying Juveniles in Danger Identifying Illusionary Sources About Prostitution Review of Literature 1. Tap 11: Treatment for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse: Opportunities for Coordination; Special Populations: Prostitutes 2. Blume (1992) Summarizes Some of the Differences in Chemical Dependency in Women When Compared with Men 3. Juveniles: Schinke, Botvin & Orlandi, 1991 4. The Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia (CASA) Released a Study Oct. 27, 1994 5. A Methodological Analysis of the Sexual Behavior NORC University of Chicago, February, 1992 6. The Relationship Between Cocaine Use, Drug Sales, and Other Delinquency Among a Cohort of High-Risk Youths Over Time, 1994 7. Teen Prostitution, Marie Cugini, Advocates for Children College Park Scholars University of Maryland, College Park 9. Breaking The Cycle A Developmental Model for the Assessment and Treatment of Adolescents with Alcohol and Other Drug Problems, By Leslie Acoca, M.A., M.F.C.C. 10. McKeganey et al, 1990, Green et al, 1993. Gossop et al (1994) Interviewed 51 Women Drug Using Prostitutes Basis for Discussion Research Design Making Contacts Limitations References Bibliography
From the Paper "Juveniles are most frequently driven to prostitution in order to escape abusive situations. These young girls feel they have no choice. In addition, laws designed to protect children from sexual abuse are not applied to juvenile prostitutes. The following case history suggests that a number of juveniles engaged in prostitution grew up in abusive and/or neglectful homes, a fragile self esteem and limited resources lead some girls believe they had no other choice but to enter the world of prostitution. "Repeatedly myths and illusions about prostitution are built on misinformation and fantasy of sexuality that are promoted through movies, TV, video tapes and printed materials including pornography. These may entice naive young teens into prostitution through false promises of glamour and riches. In reality, juvenile prostitutes suffer pain humiliation and degradation at the hands of their pimps and customers. They are susceptible to sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies. Most are controlled by pimps who care first about how much money they get. Kids involved in prostitution frequently experience beatings, sado-masochistic treatment, and worse."
This paper looks at the history of the Guardian ad Litem system, a system of volunteers and attorneys representing children who are victims of child abuse and neglect.
Abstract This paper examines the history of the Guardian ad Litem system, which is a system of volunteers and attorneys who represent children who are victims of child abuse and neglect. They investigate a case and make a report to the judge. The paper looks at how effective the program has been and some of the problems it presents.
From the Paper "Historically it has always been believed that parents took care of their children's best interests but this fallacy became apparent when Dr Henry C. Kempe published "The Battered Child Syndrome" and it was recognized for the first time that such a clinical condition existed and threatened a child's life.
Tags: Guardian ad litem (GAL), Court Appointed Special Advocate (CASA)
Abstract This paper takes a look at the Spanish explorers Christopher Columbus, Bartolome' de las Casas and Bernal Diaz Del Castillo. The paper discusses the differences in attitudes of the three different explorers with regard to the native populations of the countries they discovered. The paper further discusses the impact of these Spanish explorers on the native populations of the West Indies and Mexico.
From the Paper "Unfortunately, it was the innocent and gullible attitude that would be the downfall of the Taino. Columbus wrote home to Spain and explained how useful this tribe would be due to their work ethic, caring, and cooperativeness. Columbus and his crew soon found ways to take advantage of the Taino's generosity. Many women of the Taino tribe were abducted by Columbus' soldiers. On a more formal level when Columbus returned for his second voyage the real mistreatment of the Taino began. About 1200 tribe members were sent to Spain where they were sold off as slaves. Those in the new world began working in mines and on plantations. Columbus began demanding a tribute of gold from each adult Taino; death or mutilation was the punishment for not complying. The population of Taino quickly began to deteriorate due to mistreatment and disease."
