Abstract Using the empowerment/strength-based theory, this paper critiques critique Virginia Axline's intervention approach with Dibs in "Dibs in Search of Self". The paper explains that, since the book was published in the early 1960s; the way in which the strength-based intervention was used is to an extent outdated for current social work practice. Thus, the paper also discusses what practices could have been changed or added to the intervention that would be more suitable when working with children of today's Canadian society. In particular, the paper discusses three different strength-based practices that Axline should add or change in the intervention in order to work more efficiently with current Canadian children.
From the Paper "The kind of language and dialogue used in interventions with children is an important factor that contributes to the client's sense of self and the way in which they define their own experiences. "The power of language to influence perception and the development of self-fulfilling prophecies can create negative or positive outcomes". With that said, Axline skilfully used strength-based language and the skill of positive re-framing of words when conversing with Dibs. Strength-based language is displayed by asking questions that let the child tell their story and also by staying in-line with where the child wants to take the intervention (Greene, Lee, Hoffpauir, 2005). Strength-based language often uses the skills of positive re-framing. Positive re-framing focuses on building on the child's inner strength and to help re-frame the child's outlook on their experiences into something they can grasp and cope with more effectively (Greene, Lee, Hoffpauir, 2005). A good example of Axline using strength-based re-framing with Dibs would be displayed on pg. # 46 in the book where Dibs demands that the window be closed in the playroom."
Abstract This paper discusses the work of H.V. Nelles, a Professor of History in Canada. The paper first analyzes several book reviews on Nelles "a Little History of Canada", to give a concrete idea of the influence and acceptance that it maintained amongst the academic community. Apart from this the writer also points out many of the contradictory elements that occur throughout the novel that work to effectively weaken the presentation as a whole. The writer of this essay contends that, while Nelles claims that Canada has always been an open country, many of the factual elements he reports suggest otherwise.
From the Paper "While I appreciate where Infanger is coming from with regards to Nelles 'lunging' forward and backward in history as being problematic, I also feel that it is necessary when writing a book of this nature. For example, if Nelles were to follow events in exact chronological order, then the novel would come more across as a textbook. As Nelles allows himself to jump certain years and then return back to them he is simply fully elaborating on different topics, this is necessary to maintain the overall feeling of a flowing book with an exact direction."
Tags: textbook evolution flaws stereotype, open canadian concept
Abstract This paper examines how Aboriginal art in Canada is often a subversive response to the colonial representations of Canada's First Peoples that produced, promoted and cemented stereotypes. It discusses how this "othering" of Aboriginal peoples in Canada was a tool of nationalism just as much as postcolonial responses to 19th century representations were a tool of reclamation. It also looks at how Thomas King and other Aboriginal visual artists have used postcolonial responses in humorous Aboriginal art to take slices of history and place them in new and unexpected contexts to create new frontiers. The paper also shows how humour in Aboriginal visual art and literature often finds its base in the colonial past and its relationship to the postmodern present.
From the Paper "The "ethnographic photograph" is a theme that appears more than once in King's One Good Story, That One. In the title story, three anthropologists arrive, camera and tape recorders in hand, requesting stories. The narrator could be a tribal Elder; when Napiao arrives he gives the narrator tobacco, a traditional offering to Elders for their time and knowledge (SAHO 16). Evidently, the anthropologists are already familiar with the local customs; when the narrator "says to Napiao, Ka-sin-ta, in our language, and he laugh" (4), the anthropologists laugh also, although the purpose of the joke in this case, is to exclude the white anthropologists from the discourse. When Napiao finally urges the narrator to tell "old stories ... maybe how the world was put together" (5) the narrator starts with "Once upon a time. Those stories start like that, pretty much, those ones, start on time" (5). In terms of "writing back" to colonial discourse, this short introduction by the narrator is extremely problematic."
Abstract The paper provides an overview of the hundreds of ways that Canadian women contributed to the war effort during the Second World War. The paper discusses the Canadian Women's Auxiliary Corps (CWAC), the Women's Division of the Royal Canadian Airforce (RCAF), the Women's Royal Canadian Naval Service, the Canadian Red Cross Corps and the nurses in the armed forces. The paper portrays the variety of jobs Canadian women did during the Second World War and contends that the Allies could not have won the war without their help.
From the Paper "When people think about the Second World War they think about the men who lost their lives in battle and the Jews and other minorities who died in the Holocaust. They think about the Germans, versus the Allies, Hitler and Churchill, and Guns, bombs and maybe even a naval battle. Rarely do thoughts of the Second World War bring to mind images of women. When people think about the Allied victory and the factors that allowed the Allies to win rarely are women remembered. Canadian women, living in a country not directly affected by the war are often forgotten. The Canadian women however did not just stay at home and wait for their men to come home. They too wanted to see an end to this war and they too helped with the war effort. There were many options available to Canadian women, and over a million women signed up to help in any way they could. These women made a significant difference not only to their own country but to other allied nations as well. The Allies could not have won the Second World War without the efforts of Canadian women."
A look at the research that shows how native Indians occupied powerful positions and trading leverage in the fur trade between North Americans and Europeans.
Abstract The paper looks at the traditional opinions on the fur trade that view it as an exploitative era which was deleterious to the Indians. The paper discusses, however, the strong evidence that the Indians themselves were key players in the trade and were on an equal footing with their European trading partners. The paper concludes that the roles of the Indians as hunters, trappers, and middlemen in the fur trade ensured that they had the most powerful position in the trading network.
From the Paper "A growing number of scholars are therefore challenging these accounts. Carlos and Lewis (1999) allege that the two historians were guilty of downplaying the customs and practices of the Indians, focusing instead on the conduct of the fur trade by European companies. Hamilton (2000) complained that while much of the operations of the European fur trading companies have been discussed, very few of the scholars were interested in determining the extent to which the native Indians themselves were involved in the fur business."
Abstract This paper provides a detailed example of the Criminal Justice process in Canada. In order to better illustrate the example, the paper depicts a fictional account of an individual's journey from arrest, through the courts, through imprisonment and to parole.
From the Paper "At the station, Henri was photographed, fingerprinted, and put in a cell. Because Henri seemed very agitated, the officer in charge of lock-up decided it would be in the public interest not to release him at that point (Personal Communication, Constable Brown, Victoria Police, March 14th 1999). Chiles demanded a Habeas Corpus to "illegitimacize" the arrest. The lock-up officer did not release Henri because the offense he was being charged with carried a sentence greater than five years. The officer did, however, promise to bring Henri before a Justice as soon as was practicable. (Griffiths & Verdun-Jones, 1994, p.227)."
Abstract This paper presents a case study of Canada's Department of National Defense and reviews the strategic direction and structural organization of the department as well as its history and development. Many tables, diagrams and graphs are included with the paper.
From the Paper "...Thus, the overall mission and responsibilities of the Department of National Defense ultimately acts to uphold democracy, individual rights and freedoms, peace and order, good government, and a sustainable and stable economy..."
Abstract This is a very detailed examination of 10 works that discuss the goth sub-industrialized sub-culture as it relates to Montreal.
From the Paper "Simply put, this book is an ethnographic study of a few of the subcultures in Brighton, England, circa 1995. Among the subcultures examined were Punks, Mods, Metalers, and Goths. It makes extensive use of field research, and interviews in particular, examining a total of 57 different people in thirty-eight separate interviews. Through this research, the author attempts to define subculture from the viewpoint of the members of such subcultures"
Abstract This paper examines the local goth subculture in Montreal, and attempts to clarify the mood and character of the scene, while showing that media portrayals of participants have been grossly inflammatory. The paper includes interviews, photos, maps and a glossary.
Setting The Scene
Cast of Characters
On Location
The Nature of The Beast
Defining Goth
History of the Movement
The Heart of the Matter
Available Materials
Early Observations
Quiet Chats
The Fight Scene
The Aryans
The ARA
Showdown at the OK Corral
That's a Wrap
From the Paper "Attempting to define what "Goth" is was one of the most daunting tasks I was faced with. I came up with at least as many different definitions as there were people I asked. One thing that I noticed is that within the Goth community as a whole, there are many sub-categories based on look, musical taste, political view and personality. However, there were a few common themes which ran in virtually all the many definitions of Goth that I was exposed to."
Abstract This paper analyzes forestry as one of Canada's most important natural resources and focuses on the questions whether or not Canada?s forest resources can supply the world?s increasing demand for wood and wood products in a sustainable manner and what effect it will have on the Canadian economy.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. History
3. Spatial and Temporal Distribution of the Resource
4. Key Processes and Relationships of the Resource
5. Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Resource Demands
6. Factors Influencing Resource Demands
7. Resource Use Patterns and Management Systems
8. Biophysical, Social and Economic Impacts of Use
9. Use Sustainability.
From the Paper " The social impacts from the use of forests as a resource are also of major concern. There are many groups in Canadian society whose interests in the forest are based more on long term rather than short-term economic considerations. Included among such groups are aboriginal people, nature based tourism operators, rural water users, ranchers, trappers, small business owners in forest based communities, wilderness users, scientists, artists, educators and future generations of Canadians (Draper, 1998). Governments are expected to manage forests for the long term to benefit all of these people. If this does not happen the implications for these groups of people will be catastrophic. Already land settlement claims are pervasive throughout Canadian courts as aboriginal people attempt to claim the land they require to maintain their culturally distinct lives. "
