Abstract Canadian history has created realities different from those of the United States and which continue to shape Canadian political, economic and social life. By investigating the nature of the language question in Canada and recent challenges to Canadian education, it is possible to obtain a glimpse of a country whose politics and government must be studied with attention to the influences of the past. An important set of factors has to do with the rather conservative administrative style inherited from a British system as Canada gained independence in 1867. The duties handled by different levels of government continue to reflect an older heritage, as is pointed out later in this paper.
Abstract David Bright's "The Limits of Labour: Class Formation and the Labour Movement in Calgary, 1883-1929" reflects the new generation of Canadian labour studies. It analyzes the diversity of working class culture in Calgary and cleavages within the working class during the earliest phase of industrialization in Calgary. It dismisses the traditional notion that Calgary's labour movement was ethnically homogenous and conservative.
Abstract Colonialism in Canada and the United States has had a significant and detrimental effect on Native peoples and their cultures. By virtue of its very existence, Native literature speaks against colonialism through stories that both demonstrate injustice and point to the possibility of renewing Native identity and restoring vitality to Native culture. Contemporary Native writing is unavoidably connected to the oral tradition. Its power to resist colonialism can be found, therefore, in its capacity to continue the process of passing Native culture, knowledge and identity from generation to generation.
Abstract Contemporary feminists in Canada often point to systemic factors that allow gender division to continue in the Canadian labour market. It seems that women are compromised perhaps in their workplace performances by findings that suggest that they do continue to place greater weight on issues related to the family and their children. The culture of the workplace may have changed in women's favour, generally speaking, but their other roles do obstruct them from being as highly or as well represented in the labour force as they might be. This paper attempts to make the reader understand the causes for the gender division in the Canadian labour market.
Abstract This paper compares the change in Canadian trade with the United States and Mexico with Canada's trade with the rest of the world. It will also focus on three sectors, namely the agricultural, energy and automotive industries. This will include an outline of the specific NAFTA provisions for these particular industries, an assessment of the changes implied for the industries as a result of the existence of NAFTA and, perhaps most importantly, an analysis of the actual effects of NAFTA on the industries.
Abstract The purpose of this paper will be to provide an examination of the social geography of the City of Toronto. This will include an evaluation of the extent to which mapped patterns correspond with the classic social area/factorial ecology model, a comment on the relationship between income and English as a mother tongue, explanations for the observed patterns and relationships, as well as a critique of the variables selected.
Abstract This paper presents details concerning the superiority of Ontario with regard to other provinces in Canada. Thus it provides an over all picture of the Ontarian economy and other perspectives.
Abstract During its heyday, England flew the Imperialist flag over a number of nations--India and Canada being the two most significant perhaps--and in doing so, colonized literature. The notion of Empire and all it represented was both fervently embraced and just as fervently repudiated depending on where you stood. Canadian authors of the early twentieth century were either British born, or born of British parents on Canadian soil. Imperialism, then, in one way or another permeates the novels and short stories of such authors as Sara Jeannette Duncan, Ethel Wilson and Stephen Leacock. Duncan's attitude to Imperialism is mixed, Wilson's is innate while Leacock embraces it - showing that his writing is, what is regarded by many as a "quintessentially" Canadian work.
Abstract During the evolution of the banking evolution in Canada what became supremely clear was that Canada's branch banks had accumulated a great deal of power over their tenure. Canada's economy had grown almost exclusively through the intermediation and financing of the country's few chartered banks. How did they become so powerful? Why did the situation have to change? These are important questions in Canadian economic history. This study strives to resolve these issues by tracing the development of banking in Canada in the post-1850 era. The primary argument will be that formative years of banking in Canada; i.e., those circa 1850, were critical in establishing the unusually high influence and authority of chartered banks in this country. By making brief comparisons and contrasts with the English and American banking systems, the uniqueness of the Canadian situation in this regard will be revealed. By the end of the paper it will be clear that the lack of government intervention in the economy until the 20th century greatly expanded the legitimacy of the country's banks.
Abstract Few would argue that our present system of taxation in Canada is an economically efficient one. While this is not entirely surprising, considering the polemical value inherent to taxation itself, it is a contention worthy of verification. Indeed, it is the objective of this paper to scrutinize the economic efficiency of taxation, with specific regard to income tax. The work of Joseph E. Stiglitz, which will be highlighted throughout this paper, proves helpful in both elucidating the issues surrounding the economic efficiency of taxation and some possible strategies to make it more efficient.
Abstract From piglets to production, the pork industry in Ontario has increased since 1976 to present. Pork industry has increased from 1 million head in 1976 to approximately 1.8 million head in Ontario on April 1, 2002. Information about why this increase came about and how the pork industry works is found in this paper.
Abstract Both quantitatively (in terms of numbers affected) and qualitatively (in terms of the changes required), gender bias remains a profound Canadian crisis. Women are disadvantaged in marriage and in the workplace and underrepresented in the political arena. The roots of this bias are deeply ingrained in Canadian society. Further, overcoming this bias demands fundamental changes in the type of government intervention designed to address it.
Abstract Hak's volume explores the first fifty years of the B.C. coastal logging industry. It is a traditional industry history rather than a labour or social history. Hak emphasizes the industrialization of the industry, the chaotic market conditions and labour's remarkably low degree of unionization, organization and political action.
Abstract Henry Klassen's biography, "Luther H. Holton: A Founding Canadian Entrepreneur" represents an effort to capture the life and times of a leading Canadian businessman and "backroom" political figure of the mid-nineteenth century. As it is a biography, the text does not argue any specific thesis. Rather, as this review will argue, Klassen's interest in Holton is as a sort of an "iconic" Canadian businessman; a central figure of his era and a model for succeeding eras.
Abstract How did immigration contribute to Canada's economic growth? The purpose of this essay is to discuss the ways in which it can be determined how Canadian immigration/emigration between 1914 and 1945 contributed or did not contribute to the country's economic growth. Of secondary but equal importance is to explore ways to determine if emigration during that time period caused significant loss of brain power .
