Abstract Joy Kogawa's "Obason" tells a story that is both familiar to people living in the Western United States and yet subtly different, for hers is the story not of the displacement and internment of Japanese-Americans ? a story that is by now relatively well known ? but of Canadians of Japanese ancestry. The paper analyzes Kogawa's book, focusing on the protagonist, Naomi and her life as a Japanese living in World War Two Canada. The paper shows how "Obasan" uses a combination of personal narrative, lyrical outpourings, official letters and dreams to protest the treatment of Japanese-Canadians during World War II.
From the Paper "Throughout this novel ? as is also true of much of the literature written by Japanese-Americans about the internment of themselves and their families during the war ? runs the question of why they should be singled out for such treatment. This question is at the same time both valid and yet also troublingly naive. While it is certainly true that the Japanese-Americans and Japanese-Canadians who were interned were loyal citizens of their New World countries, they were also recent immigrants of a country that had attacked the United States. Japanese-Canadians were not the only ones to bear prejudice during World War II, for Germans and Italians often faced racist actions against themselves as well ? and neither Germany nor Italy had attacked the United States."
Abstract This paper describes the problems faced by the NDP in Atlantic Canada in gaining the popularity needed to form a government in any of the three provinces in the region. The paper analyzes the stigmas created including the idea of not having proven themselves on the political stage, traditional values of the voters, and the ideals of the surrounding electorate. The writer uses as a reference an example of the NDP in Nova Scotia where all three stigmas can be seen. Also provided are other explanations for the NDP's failure.
From the Paper "It has been the situation in the past that the Liberals and the Progressive Conservatives have formed the governments of Nova Scotia seemingly in turn of one another and without fear of the NDP. In recent elections however the NDP have gathered a support base of voters and have been seen, possibly an unintentional consequence, as the only alternative to the two parties that seem almost as one. The people of Nova Scotia have finally decided that they have had enough and are willing to vote for an alternative to the corruption and hierarchy of the powers that be. But will that mean an upturn for the NDP or will people over look their alternative status because of their seemingly narrow scope of ideals and principles."
Abstract This paper explores the environmental disaster that occurred when the Exxon Valdex ship hit rocks in the area of the Prince William Sound in Alaska. The paper begins with an exact description of the event as it occurred in March 1989, with the initial tragedy lasting hours and eventually days and weeks until it was cleared up. The paper includes numerous tables, charts and a map of where it all took place. Included in the research are the relevant issues, such as environmental, social, financial strains, legal issues etc.
From the Paper "At 12:04 AM, 24 March 1989, a third-mate was solo-piloting the Exxon Valdez through Prince William Sound. The third mate, however, did not hold a United States Coast Guard certification to solo-pilot a ship the size of the Exxon Valdez through Prince William Sound (Wells & McCoy, 1989). Following a series of turns in an attempt to dodge floating ice, the ship shuddered to a stop "atop the Bligh Reef" (Wells & McCoy, 1989, A8). Moments before the grounding occurred, the ship had sailed beyond the Coast Guard's radar tracking area."
Abstract The paper claims that French relations with the native people can best be understood in light of all the European explorations to the new lands. According to the writer, the French did not consider the native people inhabiting Canada as their equals, and thus were not hesitant to enforce French Catholicism and customs. The paper argues that in attempting to "save" the Amerindians by converting them to European civilization and to the Catholic religion, they virtually destroyed the culture of the native people.
From the Paper "The tone was set for French-native people relations with explorer Jacques Cartier, who took possession of the new land for the king of France. Cartier's relations with the native people began with a lie. When he reached Gaspe Bay in 1534 he raised a 30-foot wooden cross on Point Penouille. More than 200 Iroquois from Stadacona (Quebec) were fishing on the peninsula at the time and they were initially trusting and cordial to Cartier and his men. The cross, however, seemed improper to the Native Chief Donnacona, and Cartier, fearful of the outcome of the discontent and suspicion among the Iroquois, lied by saying that the cross was just an insignificant landmark (The Virtual Museum of New France: Jacques Cartier)."
Abstract Several eminent authors have composed various masterpieces or performed intensive research on the bittersweet experiences, as well as the treatment of immigrant women in Canada. This paper discusses a particular group - the Chinese and the Hong Kong women who settled in Canada. Firstly, this paper provides an account of the progress of the immigration policies in Canada since its origin until today and its effects on the entryway of Chinese immigrant women in Canada. The paper then presents the effect of standardized policies regarding race and sex on Chinese immigrant women. Lastly, this report looks into the institutional processes, including employment and unemployment as well as the organizational processes including the relationships between family members, child care, household chores and social life which affected the lives of skilled Chinese women who migrated from China and Hong Kong and are settled in Canada.
From the Paper "Such processes are the cause of "social injustice" (Racism, sexism, and experience of Chinese Immigrant) within a society. Following is the account of effects of institutionalized processes in employment that is based on two surveys including married women immigrants from Hong Kong as well as China. These two studies show that most women moved to Canada with their husbands under the independent class or as business immigrants (Racism, sexism, and experience of Chinese Immigrant). These women worked back home on the basis of their individual degrees and were considered highly skilled workers but when they moved to Canada, they were not eligible for the Canadian experience requirement and as a result they were unable to work. Some of the women, who did manage to seek employment, were either underpaid or were rejected. The Canadian women irrespective of their qualifications were given preference over the Chinese immigrant women."
Abstract In North America, citizens have come to depend on their "rights". However, several cases over the past few years have begun to demonstrate that perhaps they have put too much faith in something that is covered in bureaucratic red tape. This essay shows that it takes more than just a written constitution to guarantee fair treatment and civil rights. It argues that the enactment of the Canadian Charter of Rights has not led to equality for all Canadians.
From the Paper "The following court case is an example of the high financial cost of protecting your rights. An Ontario printer currently faces charges for choosing not to print "materials that promote and celebrate" a gay lifestyle (Lowes, 2001, p.1). Prior to these charges, Scott Brockie had never refused printing jobs from homosexual groups but when he was asked to print materials that promoted behaviors that were in conflict with his personal beliefs he declined. Brockie is fighting for the right to follow his own convictions and beliefs, a right guaranteed without exception in section 2A of Part I in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (Canadian Charter, 1982). Originally convicted of discrimination and fined for $5000, Brockie appealed the court decision and has spent the last several years dealing with legal snares and one-tenth of a million dollars in legal fees."
Abstract This paper analyzes and compares two very prominent and informative essays regarding the Metis in Western Canada which are included in the work, "From Ruperts Land to Canada". The first essay discussed is John E. Foster's "Wintering, the Outsider Adult Male and the Ethnogenesis of the Western Plains Metis" which explores the emergence of the culturally distinct Metis through a process of relationship building and trade relations. The second essay discussed is Gerhard J. Ens' "Metis Ethnicity, Personal Identity and the Development of Capitalism in the Western Interior: The Case of Johnny Grant" which focuses on the successes and failures of the Metis in economic terms, as well as how the economic situation of the Metis was a determining factor in how they viewed their true identity (European or Indian).
From the Paper "The essay written by John E. Foster explored the emergence of the Metis as a distinct cultural group. Gerhard J. Ens took Foster's findings and explored the question of Metis identity in the economic realm. The development of a unique Metis identity was a long and complex process that took several generations to solidify. Foster sees the establishment of the Metis group as not European and not Indian in character, but something entirely different. Ens accepts Fosters theory about the emergence of the Metis people as a new culture, but states that the Metis people only embraced their unique identity in times of economic success. When the going got tough economically, the Metis were quick to downplay the uniqueness and distinctiveness of their Metis status and adopt the identy of one of the fathering cultures (Euro or Indian). When economics is not a determining factor, the Metis like Johnny Grant, recognized their special Metis identity and helped to continue the tradition of country marriage and other crucial relationships that allowed the Metis to emerge."
Abstract This paper discusses how glaciations, huge sheets of ice that cover huge areas of land, have made significant contributions to many aspects of Canada's environment. It looks at how today, glaciers are tourist attractions in mountainous areas throughout Canada, bringing in millions of dollars in tourism funds. In addition, glaciers are a natural resource and people in Canada are able to harness the power of these frozen streams. It shows that without Canada's intense glaciations, there would be less water for wildlife, for agriculture and for hydroelectric power.
From the Paper "While glaciers are recognized as important additions to Canada's natural beauty, many say that they present great risks to the country . Scientists believe that the gradual decay of the southern edges of the Arctic permafrost will drastically alter surface water drainage patterns and increase the land's instability. As a result, there may be large disruptions to pipelines, rail lines, roads, and other facilities. The effect on ice roads could be very negative. Built across frozen wetlands and lakes, these roads provide an important supply link to many remote communities and provide access to large areas of timber in the boreal forest."
Abstract The paper delves into the various aspects of home care industry in Canada. It deals with the present and expected status of the home care industry and its ultimate effect on the community as a whole. It investigates various administrative factors and provides a deep insight into its provincial/territorial/governmental entities. It looks at how the private/public sectors? participation in the home care industry in Canada is evaluated in terms its cost-effectiveness. The labor force, payment options, home care programs, values of Canadians are all studied in order to have a prospective view of the home care industries. It also assesses various programs, which contribute to the development of these sectors in terms of proportional changes.
Outline
Abstract
Executive Summary
Introduction
Home Care Services: Description
Home Care Services in Canada: Its Success Over the Years
Obstacles and Difficulties Facing the Home Care Industry-
Measures to be Adopted to Solve the Obstacles
SWOT Analysis
Home Care Industry and Analysis of Porters Forces
Conclusion
From the Paper "With regard to the payment structure of the home care program, it shows discrepancy to a great extent. As far as studies have unveiled, no proper record has been maintained for the workforce in home care. Shifting of the location of health services from hospitals to home has indeed taken the world by storm. This change will remain successful permanently if the policy considerations and restructuring of plans are done in a systematic manner. The government and other legislations should take steps to appreciate them by providing various incentives, reduction in taxes etc. Moreover, these people should be assured of job. The legislations should include these caregivers in any form of discussion taken regarding the various policies. The establishment of a nationalized home care model is essential. There should be no friction existing in the home care sectors so that the action of the patients shifting between different levels of care is reduced to a great extent. "
Abstract "We want to make this nation one which truly belongs to all its people; we seek to create a society in which all individuals have the opportunity to realize their full potential?. These sentiments, although forming part of Canada's New Democratic Party's socialist mission statement, are considered to be a close reflection of the values and beliefs that are commonly associated with Communism. The paper shows that the NPD, however, take great pains to distance themselves from the label of "communist", leaving the Communist Party of Canada (CPC) to carry the official flag of Canadian communism. The paper shows that under the guidance of the CPC, the development of Communism in Canada, unlike in Russia and other traditionally communist strongholds, has developed less rapidly, adopted a less extreme agenda and, as a result, continues to exert an appreciable influence upon Canadian politics and society. By adapting to changing social and political conditions, communism in Canada has successfully outlived the roots of its ideology.
From the Paper "The demise of communism in the former Soviet Union, and other Eastern European states during the late 1980's resulted in a drastic reduction in public and political support for communist ideology throughout the world, including within Canada (History of CPC). However, despite this political setback, Canadian communism with its firm and well-established roots, successfully weathered the storm and, in recent years, has witnessed a renewed growth in popularity across Canada. One reason for this continued support for communism in Canada, as opposed to those countries in which it has all but perished, is the a wide range of popular issues that form their manifesto; including the fight against privatization, for shorter hours, for public ownership, the fight for jobs and the guarantee of basic labor rights in a new Canadian Constitution (Marshall, 1995)."
Abstract Current debate on the privatization of utilities in Ontario, reflects typical thinking of our times on Globalization, neo-liberal economic markets and the need to rationalize all public expenditure towards budgets that no longer carry deficits. It is a wholly capitalist view of the world and economic practices that puts complete faith in market forces to correct what is wanting in economies and with the promise given that following this approach will bring large benefits to society.
Abstract This essay explores how the recent 'Romanow Report, Building on Values: The Future of Health Care in Canada', proposed reform of Canadian health care while maintaining the principles of the Canadian Health Care Act. What is vital to understanding is how Romanow makes addressing existing cultural and geographical inequalities central to his report.
Abstract Bidding for the right to host the Olympics is a subject of debate as a result of recent scandals and Toronto's direct involvement in an Olympic bid. Montreal's experience (1976) with the Olympics (costs and benefits) is examined initially. The Toronto process, in light of Canada's previous experience is then examined. Potential costs and benefits are identified.
Abstract This essay discusses how Canada has been better able than the U.S. to deal with its conflicting cultural interests. To some extent, Canada is less deeply threatened as a nation by linguistic conflict than the United States is by racial tensions.
Abstract The first part of the assignment will explore what copyright is and why it is needed to protect people. The second part of the assignment will explore what laws the Canadian government institutes in order to hamper the dissemination of authors' ideas and information and come to assessment as to whether or not the government's actions are efficient and responsible.
