From the Paper
"Introduction
This research reviews the Canadian social structure, and, through this review, assesses the validity of two models often used to describe Canadian society, as accurate descriptors of the Canadian social structure. The two models considered in this research are the class model, and the elite pluralist model (Porter, 1965).


The class model assumes divisions within Canadian society along the lines of British society, in which the working class, as an under class, is pitted against a business class, and even an upper class aristocracy (Forgese, 1983). The elite pluralist model recognizes the presence in Canadian society of elites, and recognizes that classical democracy, as that ideal is embraced in the concept of pluralism, does not exist in Canada. The elite..."

From the Paper
"Introduction


This research examines the treatment of children under Canadian social policy. The findings of this examination are presented in discussions concerning (1) the specifics of contemporary policy, and (2) the essential issues of the policy debate.


CONTEMPORARY CANADIAN SOCIAL POLICY
AS IT AFFECTS CHILDREN
Contemporary Canadian social policy concerning children includes programs dealing with three major goals--the support of parental abilities to meet the needs of children, substitutes for parental care, and supplements to parental care (Melichercik, 1987). The program specifics are discussed within the context of these goals."

From the Paper
"Canada: Economics, Background, Trade, and Future


Similar to other North American countries, in recent years Canada has experienced a challenging recession, which technically ended two years ago. The recovery from recession has mostly taken place rather slowly with exports, while inventory growth and domestic demand (the sum total of personal spending, government spending and investment) has remained rather stagnant. According to George Vasic, what is presently needed to sustain Canada's continued recovery is increased consumer spending (1993, p. 19). Prospects for governmental spending seem minimal, so only the Canadian consumer has the potential to bring Canada forward from her economic slump.


Canada presently exports transportation equipment, forestry products, machinery, and metals. This sector is projected to add..."

From the Paper
"Introduction


This research examines the status of labor unions in Canada and the United States. The purpose of this examination to assess the extent to which unionism in the two countries is either converging or diverging.


Significance of the Issue
Canada, Mexico, and the United States negotiated the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in the early-1990s, and the probability is strong that NAFTA will become effective on the first day of 1994. In the late-1980s, Canada and the United States negotiated the Free Trade..."

From the Paper
" This study is concerned with trademark laws in the United States and Canada and how they relate to unfair advertising or competition, as well as how effective they are in stopping piracy and other trademark infringements. It will be argued that, while recent legislation within these two countries has made trademark infringements more difficult, trademark law still needs further definition in the international sphere.
Since the 1870s, trademark rights in the United States have arisen out of the marks in commerce, the basic premise being "no trade, no trademark." The federal trademark statute enacted in 1946 required U.S. trademark owners to submit proof of prior use when applying to register their marks in the Patent and Trademark Office. In 1989 changes in trademark legislation within the United States gave domestic firms an edge in competing against.."

Tags: ECONOMICS: INTERNATIONAL TRADE, CANADA, LAW: GENERAL

From the Paper
"INTRODUCTION
This research examines environmental health regulation in the United States and Canada. The approach to environmental health regulation in the two countries is compared and contrasted through considerations of historical development, motivations2 for intensified legislation, and current and future trends.

DEFINING ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
Environmental health, as a concept, contains elements of both environmental protection and public health, although the scope of environmental health does not encompass the totality of either environmental protection or public health. An important element of environmental protection, as an example, is the development and implementation of public policy to protect sensitive ecological areas. The policies designed to protect areas such as Prince William.."

From the Paper
"Choosing and Export Market
Introduction
This research examines the issues and problems related to the selection of an export market. Where illustrations such issues and problems are used, Canada is cited as the example. The objective of this research, however, is not to develop a recommendation favorable or unfavorable with respect to the selection of Canada as an export market. Rather, the objective of this research is to identify and explain the factors that typically are included in such an analysis.


Comparative Business Practices,
Business practices are considered in relation to marketing, production and management, competition, employment, and investment, and energy and the environment. Compatibility between the business..."

From the Paper
" In the nineteenth century, the rise of nationalism contributed to the development of the nation-states that would continue into this century, and expansionist programs on the part of many of the stronger nations contributed to the creation of empires built around colonies in different parts of the world. The British Empire was probably the largest of these and included colonies all over the world. In the twentieth century, many of the existing empires and nation-states have undergone transformations as various pressures have caused them to disintegrate, to break up into discrete units around nationalistic, geographic, and ethnic differences. An examination of the decline and disintegration of the British Empire, the Soviet Union, and Yugoslavia will serve to develop rules as to why countries decline, and these rules will then be..."

From the Paper
"Two of the four largest newspaper publishing companies in Canada have consistently posted financial operating losses in the decade of the 1990s.. In 1993 and 1994, Canadian public information media"both print and electronic"have chafed over publication bans related to the Karla Homulka trial in Ontario.. Canadian television broadcasters face increasing competition from American television stations located near the international border and from foreign programming transmitted into Canada via satellite.. Questions have been raised about the wisdom of Canadian communications policies that, according to critics, will lead to the demise of Canadian ... "

From the Paper
"The accommodations industry in British Columbia as a whole is experiencing a problem with over capacity. The excess of rooms derived from a continuation of new construction in the provincial industry all through the period of the economic recession in the early-1990s. The problem of over capacity in the accommodations industry on a provincial-wide basis should end by late-1996.

Over capacity has not been a problem for the industry in Northern British Columbia. In fact, occupancy rates in excess of 90 percent have not been uncommon in the northeastern part of the province. Over capacity problems have been most serious in the Okanagon ... "

Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of women's rights and legal recourses in Canada. The writer explores the topics of abortion, pay scales and other issues that affect the females of Canada. Various pertinent statistics are provided in the paper. The paper claims that it is to society's benefit to further women's rights issues .

From the Paper
"The legal strategies of women in Canada has been working toward the good of the whole by promoting the equal treatment of females. There is a government program that assists in the protection of rights and the strategy of women continues to push for that protection. It is a program that is designed to measure the equal treatment of women as they make their way through careers and family matters. The legal strategies of women in Canada, especially in regard to some of the gender rights that have come to the public's attention and action is being evaluated to see if there is more that can be done. The legal rights of women in Canada are afforded protections in the effort to equalize the society for the benefit of the whole."

Tags: abortion, equality

Abstract
Canada's policies on Gay and Lesbian rights are direct examples of canada's cultural policies, which fit in under the greater heading of multiculturalism. The paper discusses the history of multiculturalism policy, the history of gay and lesbian rights in Canada, and concludes by stating what Canada's policies say about the role of the state in Canada.

From the Paper
"Multicultural policy issues concerning French-English relations and Aboriginal policy have continued to make the political agenda since the introduction of multicultural policy in Canada. There have been issues of Quebec separatism and Aboriginal groups continue to launch land claims and fight for self-government. However, for the purposes of this paper, a more recent and current multiculturalism policy will be discussed. Sexual orientation policy, and more specifically, same-sex marriage policy, is a topic on the current Government's political agenda (Brooks, 1998). The issue is a matter of whether or not same-sex couples should be allowed to enter into legally recognized marriages, and more broadly, what the government's role in marriage should be. The topic has been brought to the political agenda through a number of methods, including pressure from interested lobby groups, international policies of western European countries, and most importantly, rulings of the Canadian judiciary. Recent court rulings have essentially forced the Federal government to examine the issue of same-sex marriage. In 1998, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled in M.v.H. that the Ontario Family Law Act's definition of spouse was in violation of s.15 of the Charter by not including same-sex partners. The Court changed the definition of spouse in the Ontario FLA to include same-sex partners and urged governments across the nation to update all legislation concerning the definition of "spouse" in order to avoid litigation and similar rulings (Sanders, 1994). As a result of the Supreme Court's ruling, the Government introduced Bill C-23, the Modernization of Benefits and Obligations Bill that changed the definition of spouse to include same-sex common law partners. In July of 2002, the Ontario Superior court ruled in "the Banns" case that the restriction of marriage to heterosexual couples was in violation of the Charter and declared 2 same-sex marriages performed at Toronto's MCC to be legal. The Ontario government passed on appealing the decision stating that marriage fell under the jurisdiction of the Federal Government and therefore, only the federal government could decide who can marry. The Federal Government requested a delay in submitting an appeal on the case in order to examine the issue further. In November of 2002, the Justice Minister submitted a discussion paper on the issue of Marriage and the legal recognition of same-sex unions, in which he outlined four possible solutions that the government could take on the issue."

Tags: analysis, gay, lesbian, pluralism, policy, public, radical, rights, statism

Abstract
The paper studies and compares the education systems and their goals in Canadian and the United States. It shows that these school systems share many aspects, including a striving for better education, a constant drive for better technology and a consistent effort to better educate their students. The paper explains that while the methods of instruction and the funding for the system may differ, each share the common goal of a quality education for all students. It argues that, by learning from some successes of Canadian schools, the United States could further its ability to better educate all students in the system. In today's global economy, and in the age of information, there can be no substitute for education. It shows that if, by learning from other nations, the United States is able to provide a better education to the people, then the sanctioning bodies must come together in unity.

From the Paper
"The first of these values is equality of access. This value used to be defined as making public education available to a thin population across an entire continent (Fleming, 1997). Currently, equality of access is seen mainly as the eradication of the barriers to education caused by language, gender, race, or physical or mental disability. In fact, the Canadian Council of Ministries of Education, in their Pan-Canadian Protocol for Collaboration on School Curriculum in 1997 stated, ?The ministers wish all citizens to have a fair and equitable opportunity in education and wish to provide increased accessibility to education.?
Closely related to this fair education policy is the value of equality of educational opportunity. This value is described as the idea that the quality and choice of educational programs should not be lessened by where a person lives (Fleming, 1997). As part of the Pan-Canadian Protocol (1997), the ministry stated that one of the objectives of the Corroboration was the ?application of technology to curriculum and the use of distance education for delivery.?

Tags: Pan-Canadian, Protocol, instruction, funding, R-TECs

Abstract
Discusses funding issues of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and the Public Broadcasting System (PBS). Impact of the increase of corporate funding to replace cuts in government funding. Problem of continued viewer financial support. Makeup & budget of PBS. Response of Presidental administrations to funding public broadcasting. Canadian system.

From the Paper
"In order for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and the Public Broadcasting System to survive and flourish as they have for the last three decades, the issue of funding is of vital importance. Recent efforts by political enemies of PBS to cut funding have forced the issues of government funding and of alternative funding methods onto the national agenda. PBS has responded by considering different ways of bringing in revenues to replace government funding in case such funding is cut. One of the ways being explored is increased corporate funding, even to the point of showing commercials on public television. This challenges the way PBS has always operated, raises questions about continuing viewer support, and might remove the appearance of independence that has marked the network since its inception. To date, PBS has not gone so far as to sell commercials as..."

Abstract
Discusses the Canadian tax system. Conceptual review of taxation theory. Adam Smith's theories. Models of taxation systems. Debt interest. Taxation policies. Analysis and assessment of alternative models of taxation systems and policies. The effectiveness of Canada's taxation system. Desirable societal outcomes. Recommendations for tax reform. Income tax exemptions.

From the Paper
"ALTERNATIVE MODELS OF TAXATION, ALTERNATIVE TAXATION POLICIES, AND THE TAXATION STRUCTURE IN CANADA

Introduction
This study examines and assesses the Canadian taxation structure within the context of alternative taxation models and alternative taxation policies. A substantial proportion of Canada's population assails the Canadian tax system,. while simultaneously outside of Canada organizations such as the United Nations rank Canada at or near to the top of the list as the best country in which to live.. Obviously, the country is doing something right. Nevertheless, there is always room for improvement in the realm of taxation. Further, changing environments frequently demand adjustments to taxation systems as a minimum and fundamental changes to such systems in some ..."