This paper describes the career choices in computerscience (IT), the study of computers and the programs that run on computers and architecture, the blend of art and science in the design of environments for people.
Abstract This paper explains that employment demand for IT professionals in this fastest growing industry creates excellent job opportunities especially in the professional and technical occupations. The author points out that in the computer field professional education does not stop with the college degree but must continue long-term with seminars, conferences and advanced courses and training to keep up with the rapid changes in the field. The paper state that architects must be licensed in the state in they work; most states require an NAAB-accredited first-professional degree with an internship period of typically three years in an architecture firm.
Table of Contents
ComputerScience Importance and Benefit of ComputerScience Education
Professional Benefits and Job Security
Architecture
Importance and Benefit of Architecture
Education
Professional Benefits and Job Security
From the Paper "When in high school, plan a college preparatory program strong in English, history, social studies, mathematics, physics, and foreign languages. If you can, add courses in business and computer science. It may surprise you to know that freehand drawing skills will be more useful to you than drafting ability. Because most state architectural licensing boards require a professional degree, you should pursue the first professional degree accredited by the National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB). The most common first-professional degree programs are the five-year (undergraduate) Bachelor of Architecture and the six-year (undergraduate/graduate) Master of Architecture. Many students also prepare for a career in architecture with a four-year (undergraduate) liberal arts degree followed by a three- to four-year (graduate) Master of Architecture. An architecture curriculum is intensive and demanding, often requiring many hours of late-night effort."
Proposes a study to determine if adding virtual office hours to a distance learning computerscience first course (CS1) has an effect percentage of students that receive a D, F or withdraw from class (DFW) rates.
Abstract This paper examins the problem of high D, F or withdraw from class (DFW) rates in beginning computerscience courses (CS1). The author points out that the problem is believed to be caused by the cognitive complexity that many students face while learning the difficult skill of computer programming. Adding virtual office hours might help resolve this problem. The paper presents the research goals, methodology and research questions.
Table of Contents:
Background / Problem Statement
Method
Findings
Goals
Research Questions
From the Paper "From there, not only most schools are very accommodating to students who taking online classes, but they also provide a learning experience for the non native speaking students that are trying to further their education in America by adding Virtual Office Hours. Fortunately, there are no disadvantages from adding Virtual Office Hours except for the cost for the student, which financial aid can be assistance for. Furthermore, there is truly only flexible for students who take online classes since they can work at their own pace."
Tags: advantage online esl synchronous, help-seeking behavior, class performance
Abstract This paper discusses the job opportunities available today for those who obtain computerscience degrees. It looks at various possible professions, such as programming, consultancy, engineering, and sales.
From the Paper "The computer industry is steadily expanding, and is considered a rapid growing career opportunity for men and women all over the world. No matter what you look like, where you are from, or what kind of education you have previously received, a career in computer science is available for just about anyone."
Abstract This research paper analyzes the growing trend of using computerscience, and more specifically, genetic algorithms (expert systems) in America's businesses with special reference to the fishing industry. The author discusses the technicalities of computer systems as well as the advantages that they provide (such as saving time and money) to the American industry.
From the Paper "Who would have ever thought that the fishing industry could be greatly enhanced through the use of genetic algorithms? The fact is that more and more sectors of our business world are realizing how useful computer science is for assisting in important decisions. There is a great deal of uncertainty in the fish stock-recruitment process, just as in the auto industry. Key decisions must be made in order to gain the most profit. To help in such a situation, expert systems (ES) are used to determine the best possible solution. An ES is a ?computer system that applies reasoning methodologies to knowledge in a specific domain.? An ES is similar to a human with the biggest difference being that an ES "achieves a high level of performance in task areas that, for human beings, requires years of special education and training" (Turban 811). Without ES, fish stock assessment and management must rely on traditional analyses, which "are based on the assumption that a functional relationship exists between the size of the spawning stock and the number of fish that recruit in the future" (Chen 1)."
Tags: binary, chromosomes, computer, encoding, expert, programming, science, system, systems
Abstract The paper presents the three Acts that provide information on the development of computer security from the internal federal perspective and also in the modern advent of the growing public sector of law pertaining to the World Wide Web. The paper explains that by protecting both private and government computers in modern times, one can realize the breadth and scope of law that controls information and technological advances in the constantly developing legal climate of the past, present and future.
From the Paper "This computer science study will examine the regulatory and legal apparatus of the American government enacts to enforce computer security. By analyzing such laws as the Computer Security Act of 1987, Government Information Security Reform Act of 2000 and the Information Technology Reform Act of 1996 in relation to computer security through government regulation. By analyzing these Acts, one can realize the protections that computer based information and documentation that is protected on the World Wide Web. The Computer Security Act, voted through Congress in 1987, reflects the growing and changing world of technology, which has been regulated through government interaction. The origins of the Act reflect the concern of intelligence information through internal computers, which was being processed through computer systems in the 1980s (Computer Security Act, Section 3 (6)b)."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that in the past few decades, technology and computer systems have undergone dramatic changes, reflecting the changes in our culture today. The writer points out that as contemporary society becomes increasingly diverse and complex, so do the processes involving computerscience. Advancements in computerscience have brought jobs to thousands of people with disabilities, including those with spinal cord injuries and vision loss. Fast computers and broadband connections have become so inexpensive and reliable that location is no longer an issue for certain opportunities, such as customer service jobs and online education. The writer maintains that a review of the literature indicates that on a global level, the number of individuals with disabilities is increasing, in addition to technological advancements that aid their disabilities. This paper analyzes and discusses the manner in which computers aid disabled individuals and concludes with recommendations for the future.
Outline:
Introduction
Assistance Provided by Computers Computers & Disabled Students
Computers & Recreational Activities
Barriers to Computer Use
Conclusion
From the Paper "Technological advancements in computer science have assisted in that disabled students can attend classrooms with non-disabled students with the aid of certain computer advancements. Technological advancements have caused placement in special classes or removal from the regular education setting only when the disability is so severe that satisfactory education cannot be achieved in regular classes with the use of supplementary supports.
"Computer science has also assisted disabled students in attending institutions of higher learning. Physical, learning, and health-related disabled students are attending college in increasing numbers and usually require accommodations to maximize their educational opportunities. The complexity of this student body produces multiple educational goals, learning approaches, and situational factors present many new challenges unknown in prior years."
Tags: disabilities, difficulties, impairments, students
Abstract This paper takes a look at computer forensics. According to the paper, computer forensics is one of the new professions that resulted from the ubiquitous use of computers and the Internet. The paper reports that computer forensics professionals are the modern-day centurions or praetorian guards that ensure the continued use of new and emerging information technologies.
Table of Contents:
The "New Kid on the Block"
A Discipline for Crime Detection and Data Restoration
The Methodology and its Application
Identification of the Source
Preservation of the Evidence
Analysis of the Evidence
Presentation of the Findings
The Future Arts and Science
From the Paper "The discipline of computer forensics can be called both an art and a science. An art because like programmers and hardware developers, they can add elegance and form to how they go about doing their jobs - and by putting "their personal touch" to it they leave an important legacy for others to follow. It is a science because computer forensics expert go to the same scientific methodology in determining the outcome of their work. The process is well defined and controlled so as not to leave any doubt as to the integrity of the work. "The scope of computer forensics covers a wide field, which continues to grow as computer technology proliferates its way into every aspect of modern life. The base of computer forensics is recovering data from floppy disks, hard drives, and removable drive cartridges. Recovering data can be just finding it among the active files. Often, it will also include searching the media for files that have been deleted and been listed as unallocated space. When dealing with someone, who is actively attempting to hide information, scouring media space the operating system has registered as free or corrupted. (Potaczala, 2001)"
Abstract The paper discusses computer analysis with SPSS and how it can be utilized for correlating two or more variables, such as pay scale and gender in order to determine levels of variance for a given industry or employment level. Using this as an example, the paper explains that this process begins with the sampling of data for entry, then entered in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program, which is widely used for data analysis in the social sciences.
From the Paper "Such an analysis provides information on the disparity in pay for men and women performing the same job. Such a disparity has long been assumed and is indicated by data showing such a disparity. Data from 2003 shows that this disparity widened so that for every dollar a man made in 2003, women made 75.5 cents, based on the annual report on income by the Census Bureau."
Abstract This biographical study examines the critical contributions to computerscience by Ada Augusta Byron King, Countess of Lovelace (1815-1852). In addition to describing and analyzing Bryon's technical achievements, the study examines various personality traits and important facts from her life that demonstrate both the technical and human side of this fascinating individual, and that led to her unique contributions to the development of computers. The study also discusses the historical context in which Byron worked to show how the prevailing technological, social, and political environments negatively affected her abilities, as a woman during the Victorian era, to advance her scientific work. The study demonstrates that Augusta Ada Byron was both one of the most acute minds and most picturesque characters in computer history.
From the Paper "A major turning point in Augusta Ada Byron's intellectual development occurred in 1833, when at the age of 18 years she met the famous scientist Charles Babbage at a social gathering (Freeman, 1996; Tee, 1979). Babbage was already widely known at the time as the inventor of the so-called "Difference Engine," a machine that applied the method of finite differences to perform mathematical computations (Freeman, 1996). The machine had to capacity to store numbers and perform additions, thereby enabling tables generated by polynomials to be computed by a uniform process (Freeman, 1996). Impressed with the young Ada, Babbage invited her to visit the studio where he kept his engine and was delighted when she showed up two weeks later, along with her domineering and meddlesome mother (Freeman, 1996; Tee, 1979). Ada was captivated by the Difference Engine and began regular correspondence with Babbage in an effort to learn all that she could about the invention and about Babbage's other ideas (Freeman, 1996)."
Abstract This paper is written in the form of an application to the masters program in computerscience in an American university. The author explains why he is in interested in computers and this course in particular. It brings in examples of Cisco and Compaq as two successful computer companies who are in the forefront of the business.
From the Paper "Part of this vision, this goal, is to hone myself into something of a computer expert at as early an age as possible. It is a rapidly growing field, of course, but also volatile and dynamic, so expanding the depth and base of my knowledge now will help me prepare for the inevitable changes in the future - and the very near future, at that. I want to grow with this field, but more than that, I want to be on the absolute leading edge of this growth. I believe the opportunities are limitless, the possibilities boundless and the chances for success almost unimaginable. Therefore, I think that one should explore all the paths available for gaining knowledge and enjoying a fulfilling and satisfying career."
This paper details the science of forensic computer investigations, which is an approach used by computer professionals to discover hidden and lost information from a storage device or media source.
Abstract This paper examines the field of forensic computer investigations which is effectively used to trace illegal and unethical activities of employees, as well as tracking down various cyber-related criminals. Forensic computer investigation is a scientific approach to legal investigations and is used when trying to find evidence against those suspected of criminal activities. Forensic computer investigations are also used when trying to recover accidentally deleted or lost data. This paper details the various methods of collecting, preserving and analyzing forensic evidence.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Approach to Forensic Investigation
Interviewing and Examining the Evidence
Collection and Protection of the Evidence
Preparing for Analysis
Concluding the Investigation
Works Cited
From the Paper "The first step in a forensic computer analysis is to interview the investigators and the victims of a particular investigation. Interviews with the investigators and the victims help the analyst to gain a deeper understanding of the incident, learn about the results of investigation, about the views and concerns of the victims and the true nature of the incident. In addition to this, the analyst should also gather information about the information system or the computer involved in the incident, the suspects and the most probable lawsuit to be filed. Although, interviews are a preliminary step and often do not require too much allocation of time but they are the most important aspect of an investigation because they form the basis for the overall investigation."
Abstract This paper will uncover the ethical arguments that are now being processed in the world of computerscience. By understanding the ever changing fields of this way of thinking, we can see how laws and other aspects of computer usage are becoming more powerfully organized with the coming of new ethical systems that are part of the Internet, and other sources of information and contractual agreements that are part of the computer world. The main emphasis in this study will be to understand what some of the policies are, and how they being dealt with by lawmakers and other professionals who are changing the face of ethics in the computer world.
Abstract This paper discusses the work of Konrad Zuse who invented the world's first functional program-controlled computer. It explains how Zuse built his first prototype computer in 1936-38 using small metal plates as the key components, calling it the Z1. The paper also examines Zuse's remarkable advances in computerscience and explains the development of each computer - from the Z1 to the Z4. Additionally, the paper looks at Konrad Zuse's company, Zuse KG.
From the Paper "In the twenty first century, computers are so ubiquitous that it requires serious thought to envision the pre-computer world, or to realize the difficulties faced in developing the first computers. One of those responsible for several key early developments in computers has left us his first computer. Considering this crude device and reviewing the difficulties involved with that machine and its successor machines, we can perhaps grasp the obstacles early computer developers faced."
Tags: invention, German, engineer, high-level, programming, language
Abstract This paper discusses the relationship between the use of computers in the classroom and the decline in our national testing score averages. The writer explains that the government's goal to put computers in every classroom is being achieved at the cost of hiring more teachers, investing in books, artistic programs and field trips. The writer argues that having computers in classrooms may improve a child's ability to learn in a small way, but overall they cause more harm than they do good for young students. When computers are used as primary resources for education they often stunt creativity, reduce proper social skills, and can expose children to early loss of eyesight. The paper concludes that with a reemphasis on critical reading, writing, mathematics, debate, and situations where students have to interact directly with their peers, instead of through an instant message, we will see America's young people take the forefront of education once again.
From the Paper "When computers are misused in our classrooms, or they are introduced to children when they are too young, they often have the reverse effects that we intend them to have. More often than not students have become accustomed to relying on computers rather than using them as a resource. That is an important distinction we have to make when it comes to computers in the classroom; computers are best when used as secondary resources, as opposed to using them as a primary source of information and learning. It is vital to maintain basic learning skills like critical reading and critical writing because we as a society have put more emphasis on relying on software to do things for us."
Tags:science traditional funding, social problem, music, sex education
Abstract This paper explains that, in the parlance of computer systems design, the latest trend is not necessarily larger VDTs (Video Display Terminals) but bigger screen devices; therefore, although the 15-inch screen with a resolution of 800 by 600 is recommended, some applications are acceptable with a 640 by 480 resolution. The author points out that not only are computer screens undergoing some very remarkable changes both in appearances and prices but also the days of the VDTs may indeed be numbered. The paper relates Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is important in the wireless industries because it brings an open standard for wireless protocols of every description regardless of the independent vendor or whatever air-link is involved.
Table of Contents
ComputerScience Video Display Terminal Size Design
Video Display Tube Type Selection
Dot-Trio Shadow Mask
Slot Mask
Aperture Grille
The Human Interaction and Ergonomics Factors
VDT verses the Flat Screen
Satellite Related Technology
Background, History and Importance for the Individual
From the Paper "There is now a software package commercially available that can put any monitor through an exhaustive battery of test images. It's the industry standard Display-Mate program from Sonera Technologies and is specifically designed for testing of 17-inch and 19-inch monitors. Sonera recommends this battery of testing be accomplished before submitting monitors to the jury testing procedure of specific user applications. The program tests HTML mode usage, EXCEL mode and Adobe PDF mode and following jury testing and their deliberations only monitors successfully completing the Sonera testing should be chosen.
Moreover, after exhaustive testing one brand AcerView models 79g and 99c seems to be far and away the most chosen monitors for business class computer applications."
