Abstract The essay discusses Nikita Mikhalkov's "Burnt by the Sun" and argues that "the sun of the revolution" of 1917 burnt everyone in some way, either ending or tragically altering their lives. Along with victimhood and persecution, the paper also addresses the motif of Stalin's omnipresence, which permeates the film.
From the Paper "On November 7th, 1917 the Bolshevik Revolution took place in Russia, displacing the provisional government and putting Vladimir Lenin at the helm of the newly formed communist state. The years that followed saw the country torn apart by a brutal civil war that left no village untouched and no family unmarked. Then came the collectivization campaign, dekulakization, purges of the military and the accumulation of the slave work force in the labor camps. Some twenty years after Red soldiers and sailors secured the Winter Palace and the Bolsheviks seized power, millions of Russians were dead, imprisoned or exiled. However everyone, without exception was in some way burnt by the sun of the Revolution. Nikita Mikhalkov's film "Burnt By The Sun" (1994) is a stirring account of one family's tragic downfall in the purges of the 1930s. Mikhalkov, one of Russia's most prolific filmmakers, illustrates that no matter what side of the repressions one ended up, he was interminably a sufferer, whether on behalf of the system or a more direct casualty of it. While the director is careful not to argue for moral equivalence between the characters, there is nonetheless an unmistakable theme of widespread persecution under the cult of Stalin that permeates every aspect of life."
Abstract The paper examines T.S. Eliot's use of voice and speech in the "Four Quartets" in the light of both his conception of the movement of words over time and the conception of language as an index of social change offered by the Bakhtinian circle. The paper discusses the way these concepts arise in 'Burnt Norton' before moving onto slightly briefer discussions of each of the other "Four Quartets." The paper concludes that Eliot's hierarchical presentation of voices throughout the "Four Quartets" effectively illustrates the inadequacy of any attempt to understand the world in purely intellectual, political, capitalistic or religious terms alone. Rather, the "Four Quartets" show, by means of their form and content, the necessity for taking on board and assimilating each of these separate discourses into one's own interior monologue, for it is only in relation to each other that each other that each of these discourses is meaningful.
From the Paper "Eliot thus, in this single statement, emphatically declares both the importance of vocalised speech to his poetry and, perhaps more significantly, a marked disinterest in the communication of any precise meaning to his readership. Eliot, here, seems to conceive of words, the very material of his poetry, not as a connection between poet and reader or, indeed, a means of conveying thoughts from the mind of one man to the mind of another. Rather, he presents words as 'autonomous' objects which, 'might function with no clear connection' or meaning imbued by their 'human source'."
A discussion of how Africa was seen through European eyes FROM 600 BCE to the arrival of the Portuguese. A look at attitudes and approaches of the Europeans towards the Africans.
3,310 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 17 sources, 2000, $ 94.95
Abstract This paper examines the way that Africa and Africans were viewed by Europeans prior to the exploration of Africa by the Portuguese in the 15th century. The author discusses themes of culture and race, and the ways these were approached by the Europeans.
From the Paper "From a banquet hall of the gods, to a fiery pit of hell, to a land of the Noble Savage, Africa has long provided the imagination of Europe with a good story. The story of a continent found, then lost, then misinterpreted, and finally found is a fairly good one in itself. Surely no two neighbors have ever been such strangers, and yet so intertwined as Europe and Africa were during Europe's Middle Ages. The fact that the Greeks knew that Africa was surrounded by ocean, and the most learned scholars debated that fact more than a millennia and a half later show the interesting phenomena of lost history. All the while, the Arabs were safeguarding the information of the ancients, and it is little more than the naive self-importance of Christian Europe which kept them from learning more about their neighboring continent."
Tags: culture, religion, race, racism, free, attitude, society
Abstract This paper discusses universal consciousness versus individual consciousness in T. S. Eliot's poems "Four Quartets." He quotes whole stanzas from all of these poems. He discusses the limits imposed by language of human endeavors in "The Dry Salvages" discussing how the poet's life is always a part of a larger human consciousness, vis-a-vis God and suffering.
From the Paper "If there is ambiguity to Eliot's poetic project of attempting to encapsulate the limits of human endeavors into the limited medium of human language, this is intensified even further in ?The Dry Salvages.? The third section of the poem is paradoxically devoted to water and spiritual dryness. The river is called ?useful,? and yet also ?untrustworthy.? Water is fluid, yet reflects the relentless spiritual monotony of human life"
Abstract The following paper discusses the East Timor conflict where many towns in East Timor were burnt to the ground and East Timor residents showed signs of malnutrition. The writer looks at what America could and should be doing to help solve this conflict. It also looks at past U.S. strategies to help resolve conflict in Kosovo.
From the Paper "The sun rose on America. The quaint towns and big cities of the United States reminded one Kosovar refugee of his hometown in their own little way. He relished his hometown as he was growing up, but it had been torn apart in the Kosovo tragedy. He stayed in America, and the reason was that he had nothing to go home to. He went to his apartment in New York and watched the news."
Abstract Land claims and assertions of treaty rights are key elements of native constitutional challenges. This paper analyzes these policies in the context of the fisheries and marine resources. Nisga'a conflicts with non-Native fishers, the Donald Marshall 'eel' case and recent events at Burnt Church are considered.
Abstract This is an extensive, in-depth paper about employee motivation and motivational theory. It covers basic employee and managerial motivations as well as how to deal with unmotivated and burnt-out employees. Rooted in the classic questions of psychology, motivational theory is an important part of a business education for today's human resources professionals.
Abstract The 1800s was a century filled with immense change. The emotions of repression, and the desire for sexual equality that burnt within the hearts of women would be sent forth into this new era of reform. The paper shows, however, that women didn't stop at defending their natural right to equality. They also fought for other radical ideas concerning temperance, the abolitionist movement and prison reform. Despite the inferior status of women at this point in time, the paper discusses how they managed to play a substantial role in this Reform Crusade.
From the Paper "As the temperance movement was a giant leap in the status of women, the abolitionist movement was also yet another progression towards the goal of reform. In the mid-1800's, the movement took off due to the efforts of two particular women. Angelena and Sarah Grimke were raised proper young women, but also grew up detesting slavery, and they made sure that their opinion was known. In response towards a pastoral letter condemning the sisters efforts, Sarah Grimke writes that "Men and women were created equal"(Skinner 61) and ultimately proclaims that women are worthy adversaries especially involving issues such as the abolitionist movement."
Abstract The paper examines aboriginal stories for children that include fantasy, history, dream-time legends and picture books with a strong ethnographic, anthropological basis. The books discussed in this paper included the following: "The Rabbits" by J. Marsden and S. Tan, "Nana's Land" by D. Sarago -Kendrick, "The Two Wallabies" by C. Nicholls and H. Jakamarra, "Journey of the Great Lake" by P. Trezise, "Papunya School Book of Country and History" by N. Wheatley, "Sand Swimmers" by N. Narelle Oliver, "When I Was Little Like You" by M. Mary Malbunka and "The Burnt Stick" by A. Hill.
From the Paper "From the time of colonial settlement, aboriginal culture has been represented in various ways within Australian society. Stories of the dreaming that were originally shared vocally, as well as in paintings on rocks and on the land, by aboriginal people are retold today in the written form. Children's books play a vital role in shaping young people's views of the world. Understanding Australian culture and its past; helps shape the relationships between white and aboriginal children in today's society. Focusing on children's books published from 1985 to the present day, representations of aboriginal culture are brought to life in different ways according to the identity of the authors who tell these stories. According to Collins (2002), representations of aboriginality in Western literature, change the cultural reality of the story from the aboriginal perspective into western truths."
Abstract The paper states that the concept of rebellion against society is not new. It is a central theme not only in many works of fiction, but in the real life of nearly every human being who has gone through adolescence or had to battle injustice. The paper then discusses David Fincher's film, "Fight Club," which explores the concept of a movement based on such rebellion and its consequences for individuals involved as well as the effect on society. The paper further follows the journey of the movie's main character from a burnt out victim of a society with misplaced values to the leader of a movement to not simply reject, but destroy society.The paper concludes that the movie shows the paths to both self-improvement and the possibility of self-destruction in the process.
From the Paper "The Narrator's outlook beings to change, however, after the introduction of Tyler Durden. Durden is, personality wise, the Narrator's opposite. Whereas both characters recognize and take issue with many of the same issues regarding culture and society, Durden is bold and not afraid to openly criticize the American lifestyle. Durden's rejection of a consumer society is the basis of his personal mantra, which is passed on to the Narrator. "Reject the basic assumptions of civilization, especially the importance of materiel possessions."
Abstract This paper discusses how ethanol extraction from corn is altering the cultivation and distribution pattern of this major crop in the United States in a significant manner. While the proponents of ethanol as an additive to gasoline are enthusiastic about the transformation it has brought about in the rural areas of United States by creating job opportunities and reducing fuel costs, critics are equally vehement in their view of the criminal neglect of hunger facing humanity in less developed parts of the world, as a vital food cereal is being 'burnt' uneconomically to provide fuel for running vehicles. The paper examines both aspects critically by putting forward the scientifically derived opinions of agriculturists and economists from both factions.
Outline:
Ethanol from Corn
The US Scene
Impact of Fuel Prices at the Pump
Impact on Food Prices in the US (And the Rest of the World)
Impact on Farmland Prices and Large Agribusiness Firms in US
Impact on Agricultural Exports and Overall Balance Of Payments
Environmental Costs and Benefits
Conclusion
From the Paper "Widespread industrialization throughout the world has generated the need for power to such an extent that it has become absolutely necessary to search alternative fuel sources, as the natural reservoirs of the planet are diminishing at an alarming rate. Crude oil has not only fuelled the machines made by man but war too as it has been one of the major forces affecting world economy and politics. The present spurt in the crude prices has further spurred research for cheaper alternative fuel sources. Atomic and solar energies have been harnessed to a certain extent, but there are practical difficulties in using them as a general source of power. They cannot be used to run the existing infrastructure of equipment and appliances dependent on engines fuelled by liquids, which in turn are integral parts of the pre established and irreplaceable norms of industry and lifestyle. The possibility of preparing fuel from biodegradable material like animal waste and plant materials is the focus of current research in the chemical industry and ubiquitous materials have been shortlisted as likely candidates for ethanol production. "
Abstract The paper argues that the increasing workload on nurses seen in the past decade in the US has lead to a significant decrease in patient care overall. The paper discusses the increased rate of hospital acquired infections and 30-day mortality rates and the cost inefficiencies that arise from these infections, from nurses taking an increased number of sick days, most often because they are burnt out or emotionally exhausted and from families of the patients who sue the hospital for inadequate nursing. The paper offers recommendations for a hospital short-staffed in terms of nurses and predicts that the nursing shortage across the country will only worsen in the next decade.
From the Paper "The United States health care system is currently under great duress. Physicians are working overtime and not being compensated; insurance companies are paying more now than ever due to the increasing rates of diabetes and other diseases in the country, and patients themselves are visiting their family physician or local ER more often than ever before. As a result, the bulk of the workload is being placed on a core group of individuals whose efforts are often overlooked: nurses. Nursing staff at any hospital spend more time in contact with a patient than all other hospital staff members combined. As such, they provide the bulk of patient care on a daily basis."
