Abstract Belgium's capital, Brussels, is one of the world's great cosmopolitan cities and is home to the European Union and NATO. This paper describes what vacationers can see and do in Belgium over a period of a fortnight, covering main tourist attractions and restaurants.
From the Paper "The Grand-Place, called the Grote Markt or Market Square, is the main tourist attraction of the City of Brussels and is one of the most beautiful town squares in Europe, if not the world, and is within walking distance from the hotel (Travel pp). The square is filled with shopping and entertainment, and especially restaurants (Travel pp). In fact, Brussels is one of the main restaurant cities in Europe, and it is best to consult the Michelin guide for restaurants for decisions concerning dining (Travel pp)."
Abstract This paper discusses the Clinton administration's political, strategic and ideological motivations for supporting NATO expansion and whether the future of NATO will be as a collective defense pact or as a vehicle for democratic expansion.
From the paper:
"On March 16, 1999, the flags of the first three ex-communist countries to gain admission to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ? Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic ? were hoisted above NATO headquarters in Brussels, marking the final act in the first stage of NATO expansion. Fifty years after its creation, with former Warsaw Pact members joining what began as an anti-Soviet alliance, NATO's original purpose of keeping "the Americans in, the Russians out, and the Germans down" seems to no longer apply. The Russians no longer possess the ability (and some would argue the desire) to realistically threaten European security. With growing assertiveness in European affairs, the Germans are not ?down,? but their increased role in politics, economics, and security of Europe does not inspire the panic it would have so soon after World War II when the alliance was formed."
Abstract The author of this paper describes how 16 of those who attended the fifth Solvay Conference in Brussels in 1927 were laureates or went on to win the Nobel Prize. He examines in detail the contributions these attendees made to the field of physics.
From the Paper "Compton is responsible for the study of the scattering of high-energy photons by electrons-the Compton effect. Besides Langmuir, Compton was the only American at the Fifth Solvay Conference. Compton was also responsible for pioneering work on gamma rays and their interaction with matter. Towards the end of his career, Compton worked on cosmic rays."
Tags: Einstein, Bohr, chemistry, Quantum, Theory, thermodynamics, EPR, paper
History & development of nation. Looking at ethnicity, political accommodation, autonomy, structure, focusing on its status as a multinational state comprised of Flemish, Walloon & Brussels regions. Includes a map.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 13 sources, 1999, $ 95.95
From the Paper "BELGIUM AS A MULTINATIONAL STATE: A CASE STUDY
Introduction
This research develops a case study of Belgium as a multinational state. The focus of this case study is on the process of political accommodation within a multinational state.
The term ?state,? as it is used in this case study, refers to the jurisdiction within the country that has international recognition as a politically independent entity. The term ?nation,? as it is used in this case study, refers to the population groups within the state which are recognized as distinct cultural identities. Cultural identity, in turn, may be defined on the bases of ethnicity, race, language, religion, or other traits relevant within the context of a particular state."
A discussion of why firms select certain European cities for subsidiaries: Amsterdam, Berlin, Brussels, Budapest, London, Munich, Paris, Prague and Vienna and the 18 selection criteria. Charts.
1,260 words (approx. 5 pages), 37 sources, 2000, $ 135.95
From the Paper "Why MNEs Locate in Particular Cities: An Analysis Based On The Advantages To MNEs of the Relevant Characteristics of Nine European Cities
Introduction
This research examines the motivations of multinational enterprises (MNEs) to locate subsidiaries in particular global cities. The nine European cities that provide the basis for this examination are as follow: Amsterdam, Netherlands; Berlin, Germany; Brussels, Belgium; Budapest, Hungary; London, United Kingdom; Munich, Germany; Paris, France; Prague, Czech Republic; and Vienna, Austria.
A widely accepted premise is that firms expand to foreign markets in order to exploit the monopoly they possess over rent-yielding advantages such as economies of scale, and..."
Abstract This paper examines how the banning and eventual abolishing of slavery in Africa had enormous social, political and economic impacts in both East and Western colonial states. It also looks at the development of wage-labour and the influence of abolition on plantations as well as the political effects felt in Brussels and the parliaments of Britain, Germany and Italy.
From the Paper "Emancipated slaves created many social difficulties within East African communities. Slaves themselves, their owners, merchants, colonialists and family groups were all affected by the abolition. ?"Slaves were the major component of wealth of the indigenous property-owning classes of the East coast"? and thus the abolition served to confuse many of the local hierarchies. Slaves often found the transition from slave to free-man difficult, particularly given that the condition of "free" demanded them to return to their kin group. Therefore whilst slaves who left their masters were independent, they fared little better than when en-slaved and many, wishing to return to their masters expressed disappointment at being unable to do so."
Abstract This paper explores the legal case of "Owusu vs. Jackson" in explicit detail. It discusses the general details and case history explaining the outcome to take trial in Britain as apposed to Jamaica even though some of the defendants were Jamaican. It examines the forum non conveniens doctrine and the Brussels Convention. It also expands on the importance of this particular case and its effects on international trade law.
From the Paper "What was alleged was the fact that there had been an earlier accident of the same kind some time earlier on the very same beach, and the Jamaican companies had failed to issue a warning of any sort, and in addition, and the fact was that had they posted a warning of some kind, then perhaps the accident would have been averted. The fact that the warning was not issued was quoted in the action against the Jamaican companies. The ECJ had in fact initially rejected the argument that had been put forward by the defendants, and by the United Kingdom Government, that according to the Brussels Convention and its domicile rules, in Article 2, there would be no possibility of application, because of the fact that the claimant, that is, Owusu, and one of the defendants, that is, Jackson, were in fact domiciled in the United Kingdom, and the other defendants were domiciled in Jamaica. Therefore, according to Article 2 of the Brussels Convention, what was stated was that according to the provisions of the Convention, those persons domiciled in a contracting state must, whatever shall be their nationality, they may be sued in the courts of that state."
Tags: case, forum, non, conveniens, Jamaica, England
Abstract The paper maintains that the Brussels-based Godiva chocolatier makes searching for their mouth-watering delicacies almost as fun as eating them. Their website caters to an international audience, offering American, European and East Asian consumers sample offerings such as ganache and truffles. The paper discusses how the Godiva site is admirable in its scope, its simplicity and its ease of use. The paper contends that in a sea of poorly-designed, cluttered and garish websites, Godiva reflects their elegant corporate image with a stunning web site. From a consumer's point of view and from a marketing standpoint, the Godiva.com site succeeds in tempting consumers to eat more chocolate.
From the Paper "Each page of the Godiva website is flanked by a chocolate-colored top frame that, with its rectangular shape, reminds the viewer of the products being sold on the site. The simple and elegant Godiva logo does not detract from the layout. Five main menu titles also help the site remain uncluttered, even though Godiva offers a wealth of different chocolate treats. Roll-over drop-down menus also ease user navigation. Additionally, customers can enter a specific product code number or keyword in a search bar at the top of the any page on the site. Other stable menu items that are part of the universal top frame include the shopping bag and customer service sections. Godiva offers their 800-toll-free number and also an online live assistance feature all too rare in the online shopping world."
Abstract This paper analyzes whether Victor Horta's work reflects the aesthetics of the art nouveau movement. It also looks at what some of the limitations of the art nouveau movement were. The paper provides an overview of the architect's life and the times in which he lived. It then analyzes Horta's influence to the art movements of this time period.
Table of Contents:
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Victor Horta and the Art Nouveau Movement
Influence and Limitations of Art Nouveau
Conclusion
From the Paper "The research showed that architectural designers such as Victor Horta and Hector Guimard are credited with introducing the art nouveau movement to England and the rest of Europe (primarily France and Germany) in response to the technological innovations that were taking place in the world at the time. What distinguishes Horta's works from some of his peers, though, is the enduring quality of his craftsmanship and attention to detail, all of which contribute to making his buildings a single work of art as it were. As one modern observer puts it, "Although many of Brussels' houses have extremely boring exteriors - and seldom is one a mirror of its neighbor - coming upon occasional works from the art-nouveau era can be as exciting as seeing a rainbow" (Levin 1)."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that the famous painting 'The Death of Marat' by Jacques-Louis David is considered to be a masterpiece of neoclassical art. It is also probably one of the most iconic images of the French Revolution. The writer describes that in the center of the painting, the torso of a bleeding, dying man emerges. In his left hand, resting on a table, is a piece of paper with writing on it, while in his right hand, falling down to the ground, is a quill. The writer discusses that David's 'Death of Marat' is meant to dramatize the moment when Jean-Paul Marat, who published the radical newspaper 'The Friend of the People', was murdered. The event occurred dramatically when Marat was writing in his bathtub. The writer maintains that it is largely thanks to the 'Death of Marat' that David is now regarded as one of the great painters of the French Revolution. The writer concludes that the 'Death of Marat' can be found in the Royal Museum of Fine Arts in Brussels, although copies of the painting, created in the revolutionary fervor that followed its unveiling, are on display in museums throughout France.
From the Paper "It is also not coincidental that David, of all people, would choose to depict Marat's death via painting. Like Marat, David had close ties to the Jacobins. A strong supporter of Robespierre, David became close friends with Marat during his lifetime. Marat and Robespierre both had the charisma and talent of overwhelming large masses of people through their speeches and actions. David would take on the responsibility of organizing Marat's funeral, as well as painting this beautiful, moving homage to the fallen hero. It is in many ways reminiscent of one of his earlier paintings, The Death of Lepelletier de Saint-Fargeau.
"David completed The Death of Marat in a very short time span. It would go on to become one of the most famous paintings of Neoclassicism, and is frequently evoked as David's best painting. Many critics have also evoked David as a precursor of Modernism, thanks to The Death of Marat."
