Abstract This paper compares the historical narratives of Samuel de Champlain and William Bradford, both written during the early colonization period of North America. The paper discusses the differences in the two narratives.
From the Paper "In the early history of colonization in North America, Samuel de Champlain and William Bradford were both instrumental in establishing written records of the period and the experiences of those first intrepid explorers and colonists. Indeed both men were personally involved in the exploration and settlement of several key areas along the eastern coast of the present day United States and Canada. However, while the two both experienced the new world of North America in the seventeenth century, their written histories of those experiences contain several interesting differences."
Abstract This paper gives a brief biographical account of Plymouth settler, William Bradford, and then analyzes his historical account of life at Plymouth in "Of Plymouth Plantation". The paper also explains the influence that Bradford's religious philosophy had on his writings.
From the Paper "William Bradford was born in Yorkshire, England in 1590. An understanding of his early years is important in assessing his later religious development. He experienced some misfortune early in life, which prepared him for the puritan ethos and made him receptive to religious ideas and thought. He was orphaned at the age of seven and lived with his uncles where he learnt to be a farmer. He was a fragile youth and his ill health allowed him time to study the Bible. The sermons of Richard Clyfton, a non-conformist minister, had a profound influence on the young Bradford when he was twelve years of age. He later became a member of a Separatists organization in 1606, which had formed their own congregation under the direction of Clyfton in the village of Scrooby."
Abstract This paper will compare and contrast (from the works in the text) the motivations of Christopher Columbus and William Bradford for coming to the new world and will show how these motivations shaped their attitudes towards the people as well as things they discovered. This paper will tell the extent to which they seem to have been driven by economics, religious beliefs or simply idealistic curiosity. It will show how these drives seem to have framed their vision of the new world and its inhabitants.
Abstract In "Of Plymouth Plantation," William Bradford writes a detailed account of the Puritan voyage from Southampton, England to Plymouth, Massachusetts on the Mayflower. Upon arriving in the New World, Bradford goes on to report the struggles the Puritans faced including immense physical hardships, as well as, numerous spiritual challenges. The paper shows that William Bradford was a devout, self-educated man who was genuinely dedicated to preserving and enhancing the Puritan religion in the New World. At the heart of the Puritan religion is Providence, the idea that God is involved with creation and involved in human affairs. The paper shows how Bradford emphasizes Providence and piety, obedience of God by following the scripture, throughout "Of Plymouth Plantation" for the express purpose of keeping the Puritan religion alive for future generations to come.
From the Paper "This departure from religious persecution to religious freedom is also viewed as 'Puritan Typology,' meaning the Puritans saw their departure from England as a parallel to the Israelites exodus from Egypt. "Neither could they, as it were, go up to the top of Pisgah, to view from this wilderness, a more goodly country to feed their hopes," references Bradford's correlation of the Puritans to the Israelites (169). Pisgah is the mountain from which Moses saw the Promised Land and so was used as a metaphor for the Puritans witnessing the terrain of the New World for the first time."
Abstract Harriet Tubman was born into slavery in 1820. She became famous after escaping from slavery and organizing the escape of over 300 slaves for which she gained her nickname of "Moses". This paper, reviews the book, "Harriet Tubman: The Moses of Her People." by Sarah Bradford, which was written soon after Tubman's death in 1913. The paper discusses Bradford's telling of Tubman's life and the language Bradford uses in the narrative which, in the opinion off the paper's author, indicates an ideological bias. The paper concludes that the book is an important work, as it provides clues why apparently well-meaning and respectful and respectable whites like Bradford failed to fight hard for African-American rights in the ensuing decades after the Civil War.
From the Paper "Bradford narrates Tubman's story from when Tubman was a child, including the blow Tubman received as a young woman at the hands of a cruel overseer, some of Tubman's adventures grappling with the bitter environmental conditions of her escape, narrowly evading capture at every turn, and Tubman's religious faith. But Bradford was a white woman very much of 'her time' in terms of her attitudes towards race, and occasionally in her zeal to stress Tubman's unique capabilities, she seems to unintentionally fall into the trap of stereotyping Tubman's fellow slaves. This is bitterly ironic, given that Tubman still strove to uplift her people. Consider this comment about the young Tubman, recovering after the blow she sustained to her head: "The sun shone on, and Harriet still slept seated on the fence rail. They, those others, had no anxious dreams of the future, and even the occasional sufferings of the present time caused them but a temporary grief. Plenty to eat, and warm sunshine to bask in, were enough to constitute their happiness; Harriet, however, was not one of these. God had a great work for her to do in the world, and the discipline and hardship through which she passed in her early years, were only preparing her for her after life of adventure and trial; and through these to come out as the Savior and Deliverer of her people, when she came to years of womanhood." However, Bradford does detail the physical horrors of slavery, the unremitting toil, and the toll it takes upon the body and mind for all slaves, not just Tubman, as well as Tubman's fortitude in resisting them."
Tags: slavery master railway emancipation rights biography south freedom canada overseer escape capture, john brown, underground railroad, christian african
A discussion of the theme of free will vs. morality in the book "The Scarlet Letter" by Nathaniel Hawthorne and writings from William Bradford and Thomas Morton.
Abstract This paper compares and contrasts the conflicts that arise between a centralized, socially sanctioned morality and free will through "The Scarlet Letter," by Nathaniel Hawthorne, along with writings from historians William Bradford and Thomas Morton. It examines how Hawthorne's writings are a protest against Puritanical boundaries and a support to all the free thinkers of the time and how his work helped show how unbending and unyielding any society which advocates absolute control can be. Morton and Bradford had disparate beliefs about free will vs. the morality of socially sanctioned beliefs and they spent much of their writing lives defending their own beliefs while decrying those of the other. More than just two men who had strong beliefs that could not be shaken, these two men represent the best and worst of society. It evaluates how Bradford and the Puritan moral code allowed for no free will, no free thought, and no stepping out of the boundaries of society ,while Morton's free thinking was a constant threat to their control over their "flock" .
From the Paper "Hester Prynne is an adulteress, but it is clear from the book that she is not a bad woman, and does not lead a bad life. A single mother, she raises her child of the union, Pearl, with love and affection. "Hester Prynne, nevertheless, the loving mother of this one child, ran little risk of erring on the side of undue severity. Mindful, however, of her own errors and misfortunes, she early sought to impose a tender but strict control over the infant immortality that was committed to her charge" (Hawthorne 134). As most mothers do, she attempts to make sure her daughter will not commit the same mistakes she did, while spoiling her just a little. She lives outside societies strict social code, but tries to raise her daughter to respect both worlds."
Abstract This paper presents an overview of early American history, through a comparison of the works of Samson Occom, William Bradford and Mary Rowlandson. The paper contends that Occom's perspective in narrating Indian life during the early history of America is pragmatic, while Bradford's borders between being pragmatic and practical and Rowlandson's opinion, as an Indian captive, presented a radical view of Indian life as full of violence and savagery.
From the Paper "Samson Occom, a member of the Mohegan tribe (that is of Native American descent), depicted the life of a 'converted' Indian living in the midst of a conflict between the British and Indian peoples. In "A Short Narrative of my Life," Occom relates to his readers the difficulties he faced preaching for Christianity, while at the same time, maintaining his loyalty for the native Indians. Under the guidance of Eleazar Wheelock, Occom served as the symbol of conversion for the Indian peoples. As a convert, he related through his narratives the difficulties that he faces as an individual subject to criticism by his fellow Indians. In the "Narrative," Occom magnifies his role as the "Ear, Eye, & Hand, as well as Mouth" to the Indians, whom he wanted to be converted and share with him the "grace" that Christianity had given him. "
Abstract This paper describes the Pilgrims experience in the new world as reflected in the writings "Of Plymouth Plantation" and "The Mayflower Compact." The paper discusses William Bradford's journal, entitled "Of Plymouth Plantation," which presents the detailed story of the first 30 years of Plymouth Colony. The paper highlights some of the more notable occurrences that Bradford recorded. Additionally, "The Mayflower Compact" is examined as a precursor to the American Constitution. The paper further questions the Pilgrims as loyal citizens of England or early supporters of American Independence.
From the Paper "The Mayflower Compact is actually considered by some unofficially as first legal and social document that set out guidelines and rules for the original Plymouth settlers to follow. Some scholars allude to the Mayflower Compact as the foundation to the U.S. Constitution. The journal Of Plymouth Plantation is "the single most complete authority for the story of the Pilgrims and the early years of the Colony they founded," according to Pilgrim Hall Museum (www.pilgrimhall.org) (PHM) which is located in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Historians consider the Bradford journal "...as the preeminent work of 17th Century America," PHM records reflect. It hung in Boston's Old South Church Library in the 1760s, then disappeared, to be rediscovered in the library of the Bishop of London in the 1850s. In 1897, it was returned to the State Library in the State House in Boston, where it is available to the public."
Abstract Acting on the statement of John Locke that "In the beginning, all the world was America?, several explorers set off to discover the paradise known as the New World. This paper follows the travels of John Smith, one of the the early eighteenth century's most notable European travellers and William Bradford who served as governor of the successful Plymouth Plantation for over 30 years and wrote about the New World through the eyes of his colonists. Using quotes from texts written by these two men, the paper shows what they actually found on their journeys.
From the Paper ?With no one wanting to work, there would have to be someone to take the blame for the trials they endured in the New World. This person would have to be the leader, John Smith. He refuted the thoughts of the colonies demise, due to thoughts of erroneous leadership by writing, ? I will not say, but by ill providing and undue managing, such courses may be taken [that] may make us miserable enough.? (p.43) Did the demise of the New World rest upon the strength of the leaders in the colonies? Colonists had to tolerate John Smith in order to survive. John Smith strove through so much, to accomplish so little. Those in the colony of James Towne knew so little about how to succeed in such a vicious world, but those who would trust in their leader would go on to experience John Locke's paradise in the New World."
Tags: indian, pocahontas, puritan, Garden, of, Eden
Abstract This paper compares the use of religious language in James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw's "A Narrative of the Most Remarkable Particulars in the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, an African Prince, Written by Himself, Sojourner Truth's Narrative of Sojourner Truth" and William Bradford's "Of Plymouth Plantation". The author explores the ways that religious discourse is used to speak of class, race, gender, the afterlife and perceptions of the world in these texts.
Abstract This paper will give an over view of the book "Simplified Strategic Planning" by Robert Bradford and Peter Duncan. The basic outlines of the theories of strategy will be covered in this paper, and will uncover the meaning that the authors seek to make clear in their thesis. By understanding business in this manner, we can see the ways that a successful business can use strategy to make his way in the world.
Abstract This paper discusses writers William Bradford, the author of "Of Plymouth Plantation", and William Byrd, also an early American settler, who wrote "The History of the Dividing Line Betwixt Virginia and North Carolina" and "The Secret History of the Line". It shows how they present the American idea of trust, which evolved to become a concept where people respect God, each other, and authority.
From the Paper "In William Bradford's Of Plymouth Plantation, respect for God is prominent. These new settlers attribute their survival to God's providence. One example of this providence is when the members of the colony were on the voyage from Europe to America and one of the sailors cursed them and wished them dead. The sailor wanted them to die so he could claim their belongings and throw their dead bodies overboard. That same sailor was infected with a disease that killed him. Bradford believes it was God that smote the sailor out of respect for the settlers? trust. (248). This respect for God and his providence is the reason the settlers believed they were sent Squanto. Squanto was an English speaking Indian that helped the new Plymouth settlers survive. Squanto taught them to fish, plant corn, and how to navigate the local land. Squanto stayed with the settlers until he died. It was through Squanto that the settlers were able to negotiate a peace treaty with the Indians (253)."
Abstract The paper uses the works of John Winthrop, Mary Rowlandson and William Bradford in order to prove the Puritans were on a Divine mission and that enduring ordeals and hardships were part of that mission and a test of faith by God.
From the Paper "According to James Schafer, the primary purpose of existence to the Puritans was "Love the Lord, your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength." Fleeing what they viewed as political corruption and religious persecution in Europe, the Puritans would arrive in America and be instrumental in forming the Colonies."
Tags: colonies, Mayflower, Christian, city on a hill, minister, church, Indians, manifest destiny, predestination
Abstract This paper explains that William Bradford Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Houser Brattain were given the 1956 Nobel prize winners in physics for their research on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect, which started the development of presnet-day communications. The author points out that William Shockley's speech at the giving of the Nobel Prize stressed that some important segments of United States industry, such as Bell Laboratories from where two of the three Nobel Laureates came, believed in the theory that research of a fundamental character is important from a practical aspect. The paper describes the process of research that led to these discoveries.
From the Paper "In his own life, he had been asked many times whether the experiment that he had planned was pure or applied research. At the same time, for the research scientist it was probably more important to know whether the particular piece of research will provide some more useful and lasting knowledge about nature. According to his opinion, if any such knowledge was possible, then the particular research should be classified as fundamental research and it did not matter whether the reasons for undertaking the research was purely personal motivation or with any other view."
Abstract This paper explains that the article by Andrew Bernard and J. Bradford Jensen 'Firm Structure, Multinationals, and Manufacturing Plant Deaths' in "The Review of Economics and Statistics" describes how the multinational or national status of a firm will affect labor demand and the labor market. The article is a warning to workers employed in smaller, domestic firms and yet shows that merely being part of a multinational structure is not a guarantee of job stability. The paper relates that this article demonstrates how the demand for labor can be adversely affected by forces beyond the worker's control, such as the status of the entity with which she is employed, and that a healthy economy does not necessarily mean that the demand for labor will increase for all firms.
Table of Contents:
Objective and Purpose of Article
Theory, Principles of Journal Article
Data Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper "Large firms tend to have larger plants. Large plants are associated with characteristics that are associated with higher survival probabilities, and that fact alone should lead to lower death probabilities, for plants that are part of both multiplant and multinational firms. Plant attributes that increase survival tend to be present to a greater degree in larger firms, such as the fact that larger firms have more access to venture and lent capital that can help them avoid plant shutdown."
