Abstract This paper describes two of the biggest problems facing Bombay (Mumbai) today. Massive population growth has led to high levels of overcrowding and poor health conditions as a result. There are also huge problems in providing adequate infrastructure as a result of this population growth, made worse by the unique geography of Bombay. The essay then describes the solution that is being implemented: the creation of a new 'growth pole': New Bombay a few miles away.
From the Paper "The City of Bombay is located on the west coast of India and is one of the largest cities in the world. It is a good example of the kind of dramatic growth that has affected many developing countries in the past 50 years. But this was not always so. Bombay in the mid 17th century consisted of 7 small islands off the west coast of India. The area was surrounded by marshy land, had almost no fertile soil and was inhabited mainly be fishermen. There was no important trade and no resources and thus very little economic activity. But by the end of the 20th Century Bombay had become one of the biggest metropolitan areas in the world with around 15 million inhabitants. Bombay is India's most important port, busiest airport, has the highest concentration of industry, and the most multinational corporations in South East Asia. Why did this dramatic change occur and what have been the resulting negative impacts? To answer these questions it is worth looking at the history of Bombay briefly to understand the background to Bombay's problems, before investigating further two urban problems that Bombay faces and the solutions put forward."
Tags: India, Portuguese, Mughal, Empire, Central, Business, District, CIDCO
Abstract This paper presents biographical information on the life of Rudyard Kipling. It looks at Kipling's early years in India, his years with an abusive caretaker in England, and his school years. The paper also examines the stages in Kipling's career, some of his writings, and his death.
From the Paper "Aside from the abuse that he received and the bullying that went on, which made for some hard first years at the school, Kipling recalls the school as clean without any epidemics. His writings also viewed the bullying as a silly and childish past time for those whom were soon to become men. Everyday he would read greedily and write even more selfishly as if these things were going to be taken from him. One reason for this could have been that his sister learned these things at a younger age than he. J.I.M. Stewart wrote that it has been said that Rudyard's favorite writer may have been Tom Jones, which contributed to his literary style (28). Since the school was a military based school, all of the boys were pushed to enter the army. But from a young age, it was very noticeable to all that came in contact with Kipling that he was not going to pursue that route."
Tags: writer, bombay, india, aunty, rosa, westward, ho, kim, jungle, book
Abstract This paper looks at five articles covering major areas of concern to international business. The first article, "Cross-cultural Challenges When Doing Business in China" by Pan Fan and Zhang Zigang, looks at the cultural differences between China and the West. The second article, "Why China is Making the Valley Fret" by Cliff Edwards, Jim Kerstetter and Bruce Einhorn, talks about the political aspects of international business. The third article examined, "North America's Second Decade" by Robert A. Pastor, is on the topic of regional economic integration and looks at NAFTA. Fourth, an article on outsourcing of legal services to India, "Corporate America Sending More Legal Work to Bombay" by Ellen Rosen, illustrates the issue of dealing with exchange rates. The last article, "Macquarie Makes Its Move on Asia" by Donald Greenlees and Jan McCallum, looks at corporate strategy in international business through the experiences of Macquarie Bank, Australia's sixth-largest finance house. The articles reviewed are appended to the paper.
The Cultural Effect on International Business
Political Issues Affecting International Business
Regional Economic Integration and International Business
Impact of Exchange Rates on International Business
Corporate Strategy in International Business
Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper "No one can dispute the fact that the world economy is increasingly globalizing as we move into the 21st century. As this internationalization of business grows, there is an increasing challenge being faced to deal with cultural differences. In one survey, cultural differences ranked first among all eight issues listed as potential barriers, including law, price competition, information, language, delivery, foreign currency, time differences, and cultural differences. Great opportunities have been created for global collaboration but these opportunities are accompanied by a unique set of problems and issues relating to effective management in the international environment. The social and cultural nuances that enter the picture when dealing with foreign business partners may make for entertaining conversation in subsequent years, but the daily effort that is required for operations can sometimes be hard on business relationships, especially in the early stages."
Abstract This paper looks at modernity and how architectural modernism captures the economic, cultural and political phenomena re-making India in the twenty-first century. The paper focuses on the architectural work of Joseph Allen Stein and discusses how his work encapsulates the new virility and promise of post-colonial India as it unshackled itself from generations of British rule after the end of World War II. The paper suggests that the key to India can be seen in the monuments it builds to itself.
From the Paper "At the same time, modernist architecture survives as a political statement insofar as it also masks infelicities that Indians may not want outsiders to see. For example, the city of Bombay is a modern city organized like few others - but that modern image of looming skyscrapers and cleverly-conceived infrastructure merely papers over elements of nativism and communalism that threaten Bombay's gleaming international image (Prakash, 2006). Therefore, just as modern-day India uses impressive modernist structures to announce its arrival on the world stage, it also uses those same structures and architectural embellishments to hide from view darker national traditions and vestiges of its past it wishes to remain unseen."
