This paper reviews Walter Berns' book "Taking the Constitution Seriously", which examines the philosophical foundations of the Constitution of the United States.
Abstract This paper explains that Walter Berns writes in "Taking the Constitution Seriously" that the philosophical fundamentals, which were infused into the Declaration of Independence, were directly responsible for the ultimate form the Constitution of the United States eventually took and for the moral perspective of the nation that was created. The author points out that Berns dispels the idea of many historians who doubt that the founding fathers of the United States seriously included the notion of self-evidentiary, unalienable rights as a launching pad for the nation but rather that the importance of these rights to the United States grew only over time. The paper relates that Berns discusses the elemental principles that backed the Declaration of Independence's position of natural and self evident human rights as argued by John Locke and Thomas Hobbes.
From the Paper "This broad perspective sets the stage for Berns' handling of the segments of society that were understood to be unworthy or unwilling to enter into the social contract of the United States. The Tories are the first subset of colonial society that Berns addresses. To him, they occupy a unique place in the discussion of constituting the people of the United States because they categorically opposed the premises of the United States upon philosophical or political grounds. He notes that many were loyalists to the crown simply for personal and economic reasons and others for religious reasons--like the Quakers but the most interesting, to Berns, are those who were dedicated monarchists. They first two subsets of Tories were somewhat assimilated into American society, but he implies that the exile of the third subset was essential to the continuity of the United States."
Abstract The Transactional Analysis (TA) personality theory and therapy concepts are based on the ideas of founder Eric Berne. The present article examines the Parent, the Adult, and the Child ego states, which are the foundation for the TA personality theory. Several different types of transactions that individuals participate in are discussed. The TA view of healthy functioning versus pathological functioning which includes ego state boundary problems, transaction problems, destructive scripts, and psychological games are reviewed. Finally, discussions of the strategies and underpinnings of TA therapy are described.
From the Paper "The most concise way to define Transactional Analysis (TA) is through its founder's own words. Eric Berne (1972) defined (TA) as "a theory of personality and social action, and a clinical method of psychotherapy, based on the analysis of all possible transactions between two or more people, on the basis of specifically defined ego states" (p. 20). Berne received his M.D. and C.M. (Master of Surgery) from McGill University in 1935. Shortly after graduation, he began his psychiatric residency at the Psychiatric Clinic of Yale University of Medicine. In 1941, he started training in Psychoanalysis under Paul Federn, and eventually became the analysand of Eric Erickson in 1947 (ITAA, 1996)."
Tags: ego, freud, psychoanalysis, psychology, TA, personality, psychotheraphy, berne, eric
From the Paper " This study will compare Eric Berne's Games People Play and Deborah Tannen's You Just Don't Understand. Berne's book is about transactional analysis, which is based on the idea that there are three kinds of ego states, and that these ego states are expressed by the Parent, Adult and Child parts of the personality (23). Tannen's book describes and give examples of how men and women have very different ways of conversing. Berne and Tannen approach failures in human communication using different theories and foci, but the similarities between the two books are great. Both authors believe that human beings are generally unaware of what brings about failures in communication, and because they are unaware of the problems, they are helpless to fix them. The harder they try, the greater the communication failure.
Tannen wants to suggest that once we come to understand the.."
Abstract This paper examines how "Crime in the Neighborhood" by Suzanne Berne is a story with the theme of isolation running through out the plot. It looks at how it starts with the main character Marsha finding out her parents are having marriage problems and how her father soon leaves her mother to be with another woman. It analyzes the affect on Marsha when they move far away and how Marsha is then tormented by her older siblings before she torments her neighbour into isolation.
From the Paper "After she finds out about the affair Louis (Marsha's mother) is diminished. "I had seen her naked before...not like this. She looked diminished and ribby and white - and unexpectedly hairy...like a store mannequin waiting to be dressed." Marsha feels that her mother has changed and not for the better since her father left her. She had visibly changed. The simile comparing her to "a store mannequin" shows that she is missing something. The mannequins clothes are missing while Louis is missing something which her husband took with him when he left. The word "ribby" shows that she is skinny and weak. She is left power-less to prevent things happening. She has lost her strength."
Abstract The paper discusses how an accounting cycle refers to certain procedures that must be established by every business unit to allow data to be reported on financial statements. The paper relates that the accounting process consists of two interrelated parts: the recording phase and the summarizing phase. The paper offers Dann & Berns, Inc. as an example. The paper examines how Dann & Berns is using an advanced accounting system that is linked to all departments where it can generate all kinds of reports it will need in a fast and efficient way. The paper completes the accounting cycle of the finance firm. The paper reveals that the cycle is quite similar to other firms in conformity with the governing accounting standards.
From the Paper "To clearly illustrate the complete accounting cycle of a finance company, let us take as an example Dann & Berns, Inc. The company is engaged in providing business analysis including credit investigation, a thorough study of the company profile, review of the client's financial statements, and providing an overall rating of the clients, whom we will call as subjects in this example. Among Dann & Berns' subjects include big companies who are applying for accreditation as a distributor of another firm; applicant verification for banks and other financial institutions offering various types of loans, as part of their pre-approval requirements; outsourcing companies and other headhunting firms for hire-right purposes; and others from different industries."
From the Paper " Eric Berne published Games People Play: The Psychology of Human Relationships in 1964. The book was an immediate market success, largely because it spoke to something many people recognized -- that much of human social interaction and intercourse resembled nothing so much as a formalized, ritualized "game" or sequence of games in which jockeying for position and power was ongoing. Berne (17) describes "social programming" as a fundamental basis for this perception, noting that social programming results in traditional ritualistic or semi-ritualistic interchanges. A progression can be observed from social to individual programming in which sequences, called games, are established as normative frameworks for social intercourse. Berne's work, while not fully unique, was able to impress on the.."
This paper discusses and compares several systematic theory of personality: Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Gordon Allport, Karen Horney, Kurt Lewin, Albert Bandura and Eric Berne.
4,275 words (approx. 17.1 pages), 10 sources, 1982, $ 135.95
From the Paper "There are numerous approaches to discovering a systematic theory of personality in order to answer some of the bothersome questions that have developed in psychology regarding this phenomenon. Personality theory must answer first what makes people behave alike, and also what makes people behave differently. The first question tries to find the conditions, factors, and variables that can account for the reactions the members of the human species show in common, and the second tries to explain the observed differences in the behavior of different individuals in response to the same situation. Another problem in personality theory is to explain what remains the same throughout the lifetime of the individual, what there is of personality that survives through time.
Personality theories can be grouped under a number of ... "
Discusses the emergence & effects of selfist & self-help approaches to therapy. Examines theories (Erich Fromm, Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow, Rollo May, Eric Berne, Arthur Janov), origins & development, social etiology, techniques & goals, popularity and f
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 11 sources, 1987, $ 95.95
From the Paper " What has been prosaically called "self.help" psychology in recent times might more accurately be termed self.theory or selfist psychology (Vitz, 1977, p. 37ff.), given its preoccupation with the "I" or the ego, and given its many variations, too numerous to include in totality in this report. A popular magazine recently noted the movement toward self.fulfillment, a trend which has not yet experienced a downswing:
Status. Career success. The love of a family.
Religion. Knowledge. Good health. Service to
others. Harmony with nature. Whether through
these or other paths, the never ending search for
happiness(...)"
Discusses dfinition, types, purposes and successful techniques. Focuses on Transactional Analysis (Berne), employee-employer relations, motivations, direct vs. indirect messages and non-verbal communication.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, 1988, $ 39.95
From the Paper " Interpersonal communications refers to the interactions that we have with other people. The skill with which we interact with others often has a dramatic influence on our self-esteem and on the course of our personal and career lives. Of particular interest in this paper will be the impact of interpersonal communications on our career lives. The focus will be on improving communications between employers and employees.
According to Berne (1972) many of our interaction patterns with other people are formed when we are young, learning to get along with adults. Our parents are the first to influence our communication patterns. These early patterns are usually established around a power relationship. The child defers to the parent because the parent holds the power to provide for the(...)"
Abstract The parable of, "A Man Had Two Sons" is the longest parable in the Bible. This paper examines the family dynamics in the parable. It explains the concept of Transitional Analysis, a method used in psychoanalysis to understand human communication. The paper then contends that by using Transitional Analysis, we can uncover the dynamics of personality development in the parable, ?A Man Had Two Sons.?
From the Paper "Simply put, when we communicate, we are constantly exchanging strokes, and how we send, receive, and interpret the strokes determine how we interpret the data. Therefore, from the first conversation the younger son has with his father, until the older brother and father speak about the older brother attending the feast, there is a barrage of verbal and non verbal communication taking place."
Abstract This paper illustrates, analyzes and compares articles regarding the existing obligations or provisions regarding international patent law. It examines those provisions that fall under the Paris Convention, the Patent Cooperation Treaty, the Berne Convention and the Rome Convention. It also looks at the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits and the European patent Convention, the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits and the European patent Convention.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Implementation Of The Trips Agreement
National And Most-Favored-Nation Treatment
Patent Right Exhaustion: Doha Declaration (Analysis Of Article 6)
TRIPS And Article 7 (Technological Promotion And Public Protection) Health Analysis
General Enforcement Obligations: Analysis Of Article 41
Fair And Equitable Procedures Article 42
Evidence (Article 43)
Article 45: Damages - Comparison and Analysis Related to IP Where Applicable
From the Paper "The guides existing to allow action that is effective in prevention of infringement state the "the requirement procedures permit 'effective action' speaks to all possible remedies, including civil, administrative and criminal procedures, as well as border measures, customs, tax and communication procedures." Copyright law in countries of optical media product export has proved ineffective in terms of media licensing and "countries have adopted optical media licensing regimes." TRIPS has as an obligation the provision of "effective actions" of infringement upon rights under this Article. It is held that Article 41 when combined with 61 (assumed to be understood as subsumed within the requirements of Article 41" make it a further requirement o countries to make the provision of any remedies "available" and not limited to those that are only within the law. Article 61 obliges countries to make the provision of criminal procedures and penalties "at least in cases of willful trademark counterfeiting or copyright privacy.""
A discussion on the way that the punk subculture re-emerged in recent years in response to the rise of the far right in Switzerland and as part of the international anti-fascist and anti-globalization movements.
Abstract The paper focuses on the evolution of punk and its mutation into the more politically charged anarcho-punk movement and explores the violent side of the extreme left - both as an international force and in particular in Switzerland. The paper then discusses the Bern-based Antifa Switzerland group and explores the motivations of the Black Bloc anarchists. The paper highlights the use of violence in the anti-fascist movement and the connection between today's violent anarcho-punks with the ideals of the original punk movement. Several photographs are included with the paper.
Outline:
Introduction
Punk's First Wave
Punk Arrives in Switzerland
Switzerland, Anarcho-Punk, and Post-war Politics in the 21st Century
Conclusion
From the Paper "The media, however, interpreted the punks' image, music, and reckless behavior as a real threat to the status quo. This culminated in December of 1976 when the Sex Pistols and members of the Bromley Contingent appeared on the Bill Grundy television show in England. At the time of this momentous event, punk was still in its early stages. The public-at-large had little way of knowing about punk at the time. What they saw was a group of extravagantly dressed young people, visibly intoxicated, who took relish in using offensive words and insulting the host of the program in a manner that went way beyond the accepted morals of the time. The Bill Grundy episode would spiral the fledgling youth subculture into the wider cultural spotlight. At that point, punk was no longer a tiny subculture, but a mass media spectacle that would shock the conservative British public and inspire similar-minded youth all over the world."
Abstract The paper analyzes how Zane Gray, in his novel "Riders of the Purple Sage", uses the conventions of the Wild West and the wide-open, lawless landscape of the Western territories, to tell a tale of how the religious conventions of the Church of Latter-Day Saints, the Mormons, clash with the desires of the central protagonists Bern Venters and Jane Withersteen.
From the Paper "The beginning of the story shows an individual in conflict with society, and upholds individual rights above the rights of the community. What is so immediately striking about the novel is that a woman, Jane Withersteen, rather than a man, is at the center of the drama about land control and land ownership, and while the Mormons themselves were considered to be outsiders, even outlaws, by the federal government, because of the practice of polygamy, Withersteen's rejection of this practice, which she sees as an enslavement of a woman to male desires, makes her a pariah in the community. For Jane to tend her ranch, and to be able to care for her land only an outsider, Bern Venters will support her in her struggle."
