Abstract This essay is a detailed biography of the American novelist, Bernard Malamud. It describes some of his most famous works and the themes behind them. The essay speaks about Malamud's hard childhood and upbringing in Brooklyn, New York. It describes his family and how they are portrayed in his novels.
From the Paper "Bernard Malamud was an American novelist and short-story writer. Born to poor parents in Brooklyn, New York he was educated at the City College of New York and the infamous Columbia University. Making something of himself, from 1961 he taught at the Bennington College. A Jew, Malamud has touched upon them in every novel and short story in great detail. Although his first novel, The Natural released in 1952 is a fantasy about a star baseball player, most of Malamud's writing as in his second novel, The Assistant written in 1957 is concerned with Jewish themes and reflects the sad, impoverished Brooklyn scenes of his childhood. The Fixer (1966), for which Malamud received a Pulitzer Prize, is a poignant novel (based on a true story) of the suffering of a Russian Jewish workman sentenced unjustly to prison. "
Tags:Bernard, Malamud, America, novelist, Jew, Brooklyn, NY
Abstract This paper is a case study on Bernard's New York Deli in Hawaii. The paper discusses how the owner of the deli is considering some creative financing to fund an expansion of his business. The problem, however, is that he is a risk taker and his bank and his advisors are against this decision.
From the Paper "Bernard Horowitz is the owner and operator of Bernard's New York Deli. He recently moved to a larger location. Business during the first three months was good, but he needs to expand to take full advantage of the new location. Specifically, Bernard wants to expand seating by fifty customers and purchase new equipment. He estimates that this expansion would cost ?. His bank will not lend him additional funds."
Tags:Bernards deli, case study, risk averse, marginally profitable, expansion, bank lines, discretionalry expenditures, risk and reward, internally generated funds, corporate IOUs
Abstract This paper discusses two different theories of love, that of 12th century monk, Bernard of Clairvaux, and 20th century psychotherapist, Erich Fromm. The paper presents Bernard's philosophy of the 'Four Stages of Love' that, according to him, state that Man will always love himself for his own sake, that man generally loves God in order to gain an advantage for himself, that man loves God for God's sake, and finally, that man loves himself for the sake of God. This is compared to Fromm's book, "The Art of Loving," and his extensive and different ideas on love.
From the Paper "Bernard of Clairvaux was one of the most revered monks of his time. Born in the medieval ages, in 1090, he lived up to the year 1153. He is even today considered to be the most honored medieval monk, by both Protestants as well as Catholics. When an official from Rome questioned the monk, the answer to the question was the 'Four Stages of Love' that, according to him, are the following: man will always love himself for his own sake, that man generally loves God in order to gain an advantage for himself, that man loves God for God's sake, and finally, that man loves himself for the sake of God. (Factoids from Church History: The Stages of Love) "
Abstract The paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the book "What Went Wrong: The Clash Between Islam and Modernity in the Middle East" by Bernard Lewis. The paper examines how Bernard Lewis, a respected author and expert historian who has written on a variety of historical topics, presents the argument that Islam has gone terribly wrong in modern times, and that after medieval times, the Islamic world began a decline in power, learning, the arts, and economy that the region has never been able to regain. The writer explains that Lewis shows the Middle East has almost always been torn by war and strife, and that the modern Middle East suffers from many ills that lead Muslims to anger, dissent, external and internal warfare, and economic despair.
From the Paper "Throughout the text, he shows his understanding of the Arabic world and her peoples, even down to their lack of modern time and measurement technology - simply because it is not exceptionally necessary in their world. The author writes, "Apart from prayer, there were few other activities that required even approximate timing. This was a society in which there were no parliaments, councils, or municipalities, and the conduct of public business required no kind of schedule" (Lewis 122). This is just one example of how Western technology, so very desirable in the West, was often unnecessary in the East, and technology and advances began to pass the Muslim Middle East by."
Abstract A paper on the life and times of Bernard Malamud. The author discusses literary works such as "The Natural," and themes contained therein. Also touched upon is Malamud's Judaism and its influence on his writing.
From the Paper "Regarded as one of the prominent contemporary writers in recent American literature, Bernard Malamud influenced countless people as a ?chronicler of 'simple people struggling to make their lives better in a world of bad luck',? as the author once described himself (Rothstein 1). Though viewed by many critics to be a focused ?Jewish writer,? Malamud's influence extends far beyond the realm of Judaism, as he can truly be considered one of the great American writers of the twentieth century. Writing for and to all people, Bernard Malamud concentrated on the theme of moral wisdom resulting from endured suffering, while illustrating the suffering and harsh realities of life, to inspire and touch millions of readers throughout America and the world."
Abstract In this paper the author discusses "Utilitarianism: For and Against", a book by the philosopher Bernard Williams. The author attempts to delve into the mind of Jim, and ultimately see how the story might end. In so doing he considers Jim's mindset as a pacifist and how he rationalizes thoughts and deals with issues of ethics. The author then looks at the theories of Kant in order to assess whether Jim's decision making would have been different if he had adopted Kant's theories regarding free will.
From the paper:
?There is little time for Jim to make his decision: He is in the unique position to decide the fate of twenty individuals. In a mind characterized by introspection and reflection many thoughts race by: He knows what he must do, but the distaste of the act of sacrificing one for the lives of the other nineteen is most distasteful to him. He tries to reduce the horrific act in front of him by rationalizing that he does not know any of these poor souls; that it is not as if the life of someone close to him were at stake.?
Tags: philosopher, philosophy, bernard, williams, utilitarianism:, for, and, against, jim, indians, inhabitants, protest, government, pedro, vietnam, war, mental, struggle, turmoil, pacifist, pacifism, altruism, kantian, consequentialism, kant, psychologism, determinism, responsibility, g
Abstract This paper takes a look at Bernard Melamud's writings and analyzes critics' views on his works. The author finds that the critics felt that he was a solely Jewish writer while Melamud struggled to break free from this classification.
From the Paper "The stereotypes that cause people to be classified are exactly what Bernard Malamud stands against. Ironically, he is classified into a group, from which he spent his whole life trying to break free. He is known strictly as a Jewish American writer. The only novel that does not fit this categorization is The Natural, his first novel. This labeling of his writing did not make Malamud change his style, only caused him displeasure. He is not the type to change how he is, just because of what people are saying."
Abstract The following essay will consider the Greek and Roman influences on the Palace of Fine Arts, the best known of Bernard Maybeck's (1862-1957) work. This structure was built for the Panama-Pacific International Exposition held in San Francisco, California from February 4 through December 4, 1915.
Abstract This paper will discuss Anna Bernard Shaw and her influence upon the Women's Suffrage movement, which, at the turn of the century, started a great upheaval in the advancement of women taking an active part in the voting process. Her story will be told and her accomplishments revealed, to give the scope of a woman who was willing to go to any lengths to create an equal participation of the female gender in the politics of her day.
Abstract This paper looks at the early childhood and upbringing of the famous writer, Bernard Malamud. It analyzes his first writings and looks at how his unique style and topic choice developed and matured over the many years of his writing career.
From the Paper "Malamud's writings are very interesting and contain old world flair (Biography Resource Center, 2004). Kramer (2004) writes, ?Most of Malamud's fiction describes in a humorous but sympathetic way the misfortunes of city dwellers, particularly Jews.? His works contain many characters that have problems, frequent misunderstandings, and misplaced triumphs, rise into the realm of fantasy and sometimes include a lesson to be learned. Malamud wrote of about what he knew such as the poor simple people and about how he grew up during the Depression. His characters are all people of trade, and include butchers, bakers, egg peddlers, candle makers and tailors who work with the sweat of the brow, through tears and rage as they compete to beating back whatever it is that threatens to take away their livelihood."
Abstract This paper describes the works, political and social beliefs and life of playwright George Bernard Shaw. It also discusses Shaw's influence on British and world theater and analyzes his most successful plays and the characters.
From the Paper "George Bernard Shaw would hate to be called a great English playwright. Not that the "great" part would bother him. But he was born in Ireland (and died there at age 94). As one of his biographers put it: "Shaw draws from his own nation two unquestionable qualities, a kind of intellectual chastity, and the fighting spirit." Where some "names" we may be familiar withm\, Oscar Wilde and Noel Coward, sparred and took on "society" with clever words, Shaw was far more than a writer of clever, interesting plays. He was opening the eyes of his audiences well beyond the theatre to the struggle of class, and education. There is always a social moral to be found in his plays. As a pacifist and a Fabian socialist, he usually undertook to defend the poor and the unwary against the foibles of the leisure class."
A look at how prominent Jewish-American writer, Bernard Malamud, expresses his interest and concern for minority and subordinate groups in American society.
Abstract This paper analyzes and discusses Bernard Malamud's interest and concern for minority and subordinate groups in America and how this concern is conveyed in his stories. In particular, the paper focuses on Malamud's concern for the plight of the elderly and how three of Malamud's short stories, "In Retirement," "The Model," and "The Mourners", reflect this concern. The paper explains that these stories show some aspects of the plight of the elderly in America today and ways in which they are marginalized in society, facing a situation that everyone may face one day but that most people do not recognize until it happens to them.
From the Paper "The central character in "The Model" is Ephraim Elihu, a man who takes up painting and hires a model to pose for him. Ephraim is 70 years old and wants a model not just as a subject but because he is lonely and knows no women. The model sees through him and challenges him as a pervert, though he tried to explain to the school where he hired her that he was not an experienced painter but only taking it up late in life. The model then turns the tables and makes him the model, and after she leaves, his shame and sadness overwhelm him: "Is there nothing more to my life than it is now? Is this all that is left to me?" (Malamud 592)."
Tags: jews, italians, blacks, new, york, city, aging, attitudes, dr., morris, retired, kessler
This paper compares and contrasts two sets of dramatic characters: Eliza and Higgins in George Bernard Shaw's "Pygmalion" and Biff and Happy in Arthur Miller's "Death of a Salesman."
Abstract This paper compares and contrasts the characters in two plays, "Pygmalion" and "Death of a Salesman." Through this comparison, the reader gleans insights into the character development in each play and the resolved and unresolved issues in each play. The paper gives a brief plot summary of each play and describes the traits of the major characters. Also cited are the unresolved conflicts. The author concludes that both Eliza and Higgins in George Bernard Shaw's "Pygmalion," and Biff and Willy in Arthur Miller's "Death of a Salesman" consistently reveal only half-truths about themselves to each other, and to other characters in the play
From the Paper " If "Drama is the art of significant juxtaposition" (H.D.F.Kitto), that is to say that dramatic conflict springs from a dialectical opposition of ideas; e.g., a half-truth in debate with another half-truth, in analyzing two pairs of dramatic "opponent" characters, then, first Eliza and Higgins in George Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion and second, Biff and Willy in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman one may define the nature of the respective "half-truths" of these characters according to how their confrontations are dramatized and resolved (or not). I will explore the issue of whether the dialectic between either of these two pairs of characters, Higgins and Eliza and Willy and Biff, is ever resolved."
Tags: Death of a Salesman, Pygmalion, George, Bernard, Shaw, Arthur, Miller
Abstract This paper compares the characters of Eliza Doolittle from George Bernard Shaw's "Pygmalion" and Euripides' Medea by considering their different strengths and weaknesses, and the modes of representation used to distinguish them. Some reflection is also given to the means the authors use to convey the nature of each character and the ways in which the changes within the character are expressed. Finally, an attempt is made to analyze the two characters through considering the ways in which they have changed by the end of the play.
From the Paper " Although many critics have described Medea as being a woman that is transformed from someone who is suicidal and depressed into a person who is driven by anger and revenge, it is clear that Medea had always been a determined, strong woman. She had often used her magic powers to obtain what she wanted; shown through her actions in helping Jason obtain the Golden Fleece, the murder of her own brother, and through manipulating the daughters of Pelias to murder their own father. Instead, Medea is portrayed through Euripides, as a woman that kills while being completely sane, through an anger that is fuelled by pure jealousy. She is a woman scorned."
Abstract This paper discusses Bernard Williams' view and arguments that external reasons have no impact upon moral decision-making. In doing so, the paper presents and explains both Williams' position and that of the Kantian school he opposes. Ultimately, it argues that Williams' stance is compromised and is incompatible with the basic nature of ethics.
From the Paper " To close, the last several pages have looked at Bernard Williams' argument that internal realities and not a priori, objective "externalities" shape (rational) moral decision-making in human beings. While Williams' work certainly has some logical force, it is compromised in the sense that it appears to oppose the entire intent of ethical/moral philosophy - which is to arrive at a set of principles capable of guiding human conduct. In the final analysis, Bernard Williams has created a provocative thesis on the motivations informing human action - but it is one that refutes the necessity for even having moral philosophy around in the first place."
